scholarly journals SOCIAL PROTECTION AND MIGRATION IN CHINA: WHAT CAN PROTECT MIGRANTS FROM ECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY?

2008 ◽  
pp. 138-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Song ◽  
Simon Appleton
Keyword(s):  
Social Protection ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
And Migration

The Political Economy of Work and Welfare

2021 ◽  
pp. 422-444
Author(s):  
Micheál L. Collins ◽  
Mary P. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Full Employment ◽  
The Political ◽  
Welfare Regime ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sectoral Composition ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Institutional Architecture

The political economy of Irish work and welfare has dramatically changed over recent decades. Since the 1980s, Ireland has experienced two periods of high unemployment followed by two periods of full employment. Alongside this, we see considerable shifts in both the sectoral composition of the workforce and in the institutional architecture underpinning the labour market. Focusing on the last decade, this chapter contextualizes the Irish labour market in the Irish growth model, highlighting issues including occupational upgrading, low pay, gender composition, and migration. The chapter then explores links between this employment structure and Ireland’s changing welfare regime. It considers recent institutional changes, as the welfare regime shifted to a work-first form of activation, and the long-term sustainability of the social protection system. The chapter concludes by highlighting what we see as the core challenges for the political economy of work and welfare in Ireland.

scholarly journals Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Latvia

2020 ◽  
pp. 257-270
Author(s):  
Anhelita Kamenska ◽  
Jekaterina Tumule
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Flat Rate ◽  
Family Benefits ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Social Security Benefits ◽  
Permanent Residents

Abstract This chapter discusses the link between migration and welfare in Latvia. In general, the Latvian social security system may be described as a mixture of elements taken from the basic security (where eligibility is based on contributions or residency, and flat-rate benefits are provided) and corporatist (with eligibility based on labour force participation and earnings-related benefits) models. The country has experienced significant social policy and migration-related changed during the past decades. This chapter focuses on the current Latvian legislation, by closely examining the differential access to social protection benefits of resident nationals, foreigners living in Latvia and Latvian citizens residing abroad across five core policy areas: unemployment, health care, pensions, family benefits and social assistance. Our results show that the Latvian social security benefits are generally based on the principle of employment, social insurance contributions, and permanent residence. Most of the social benefits and services are available to socially insured permanent residents. At the same time, the state offers minimum protection to non-insured permanent residents. Foreigners with temporary residence permits who are not socially insured are the least socially protected group.

scholarly journals From Social Protection to Social Investment

2021 ◽  
pp. 343-394
Author(s):  
Olaf van Vliet ◽  
Vincent Bakker ◽  
Lars van Doorn
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Investment Policies ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
European Welfare States

Globalization, technological change, and migration form three major challenges for European welfare states in the 21st century. These challenges are regarded as important sources of inequality on the labour market. Whereas the existing literature has mainly been focused on the sectors and occupations affected by globalization and technological change, the authors of this chapter argue that, via job polarization, these phenomena also affect the type of contract that workers have. They hypothesize that increased competition for low-paying jobs is associated with labour market flexibilization. Another major trend that they analyse is the free movement of labour. New data illustrate that labour migration from Central and Eastern European countries to Western European countries has grown slowly but substantially following recent enlargements of the Union. It has been considered a challenge for welfare states as it might contribute to feelings of economic insecurity and might erode solidarity, which forms the basis for the provision of social policy. Subsequently, the authors analyse how European welfare states have evolved over the past decades. They show that in spite of budgetary pressure stemming from globalization and migration, most countries have increased social expenditure. Furthermore, they analyse to what extent the focus has shifted from classical social protection to social investment policies to enable workers to adapt themselves to new labour market transformations. They contribute to the existing literature by covering years after the financial crisis for all EU member states and by demonstrating a novel way of correcting social expenditures for the number of recipients.

scholarly journals Unter welchen Bedingungen bekommen Eltern weitere Kinder? Ein Vergleich zwischen Deutschen und Türken unter besonderer Berücksichtigung ökonomischer Abwägungen

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-95
Author(s):  
Robert Naderi
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Migration Experience ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
As Effects

The article examines the question of how the selfreported financial situation has an effect on the actual birth of additional children in regard to generational support and migration background. The hypotheses to be tested are based on economic theories and research on the importance of economic uncertainty for fertility. Based on multivariate analyses of the two waves of the German Generations and Gender Survey, neither the individual financial situation, nor the relations between generations can be detected as effects on family expansion. The results show, however, that Turkish citizens differ in their migration experience in comparison to those who have immigrated in childhood or were born in Germany in terms of the explanatory factors. Factors like age of the woman, number and age of children are crucial in all groups under study. Zusammenfassung Im Beitrag wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie sich die selbsteingeschätzte persönliche finanzielle Situation auf die tatsächliche Geburt weiterer Kinder, unter Berücksichtigung generationaler Unterstützungspotenziale und dem Migrationshintergrund, auswirkt. Die zu überprüfenden Hypothesen basieren auf der ökonomischen Theorie und dem Forschungsstand zur Bedeutung ökonomischer Unsicherheiten für Fertilität. Mittels multivariater Analysen der zwei Wellen des deutschen Generations and Gender Survey, können weder Effekte der individuellen finanziellen Lage, noch der Generationenbeziehungen auf die Familienerweiterung nachgewiesen werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen hingegen, dass sich türkische Staatsbürger mit eigener Migrationserfahrung von denen, die im Kindesalter immigriert sind bzw. in Deutschland geboren wurden, bezüglich der Erklärungsfaktoren unterscheiden. In allen drei Gruppen sind Faktoren wie das Alter der Frau, die Kinderzahl und das Alter der Kinder für die Familienerweiterung zentral.

scholarly journals Access to Social Protection by Immigrants, Emigrants and Resident Nationals in Argentina

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Verónica Carmona Barrenechea ◽  
Giuseppe M. Messina ◽  
Mora Straschnoy
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Eligibility Requirements ◽  
Family Benefits ◽  
Migratory Status ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Social Security Benefits

AbstractThis chapter discusses the level and quality of social protection granted to legally residing migrant workers in Argentina and national citizens residing abroad in five main policy areas: unemployment, health, pensions, family benefits and guaranteed minimum resources. After an overview of recent evolutions in Argentina’s Social Security and migration policy, we analyze each policy area in order to identify the necessary eligibility requirements for accessing social benefits or services. Our findings show that, in general, the contributory logic prevails over nationality for Social Security benefits. In the case of non-contributory programs, we observe a regime that is generally less generous in quantitative and qualitative terms, and even more restricted for migrants. Despite this, Argentina’s immigration policy is relatively open, especially for migrants from the region, while certain fundamental rights (such as health and education) are guaranteed to all migrants (regardless of their migratory status).

Social Protection Network Across Indian States

Social Change ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-425
Author(s):  
Surajit Deb
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Fair Price ◽  
Indian States ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Vulnerable Households ◽  
And Migration

This contribution of the Social Change Indicators forms the eleventh part of the series. Over the last three segments, we have been focussing on the social and economic challenges arising out of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns. The topics previously covered were on the themes of vulnerable households across social classes, poverty and migration and living conditions for social distancing. In this part, we highlight the spread of the social protection network in various states of India. Aspects such as the percentage of households having a below poverty line (BPL) card, percentage of households having a health scheme or health insurance, percentage of households having a bank or post office account, Aadhaar card saturation, percentage of families/persons covered under the targetted Public Distribution System, percentage of Aadhaar-seeded ration cards, allocation of work under MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) and the number of fair price shops per thousand population in 2021 have been examined. The required data has been collected from the Aadhaar Saturation Report provided by the Unique Identification Authority of India, the Food Grain Bulletin of the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Ration Card Dashboard of the National Food Security Act, the public data portal of MGNREGA and the Fourth Round of the National Family Health Survey’s state volumes.

Functional Integration of China’s Social Protection

Asian Survey ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1110-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Müller
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Change ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Functional Integration ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Planned Economy ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Institutional Legacies

Frictions between China’s institutional legacies of the planned economy and the new trends of marketization, urbanization, and migration have shaped institutional change in social protection. Focusing on health and pension insurance, this study identifies a gradual process of functional integration, which overcomes the frictions and facilitates a dualization of benefits.

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