Manifestations of the rotation and gravity of the Earth in spin physics experiments

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (28n29) ◽  
pp. 1645030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri N. Obukhov ◽  
Alexander J. Silenko ◽  
Oleg V. Teryaev
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Particle Motion ◽  
Earth Rotation ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Rotating Frame ◽  
Spin Physics ◽  
Earth Gravity ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Maxwell Electrodynamics ◽  
Physics Experiments

An influence of the rotation and gravity of the Earth on the particle motion and the spin evolution is not negligible and it should be taken into account in spin physics experiments. The Earth rotation brings the Coriolis and centrifugal forces in the lab frame and also manifests in the additional rotation of the spin and in the change of the Maxwell electrodynamics. The change of the Maxwell electrodynamics due to the Earth gravity is much smaller and can be neglected. One of manifestations of the Earth rotation is the Sagnac effect. The electric and magnetic fields acting on the spin in the Earth’s rotating frame coincide with the corresponding fields determined in the inertial frame instantly accompanying a lab. The effective electric field governing the particle motion differs from the electric field in the instantly accompanying frame. Nevertheless, the difference between the conventional Lorentz force and the actual force in the Earth’s rotating frame vanishes on average in accelerators and storage rings due to the beam rotation. The Earth gravity manifests in additional forces acting on particles/nuclei and in additional torques acting on the spin. The additional forces are the Newton-like force and the reaction force provided by a focusing system. The additional torques are caused by the corresponding focusing field and by the geodetic effect. As a result, the Earth gravity leads to the additional spin rotation about the radial axis which may not be negligible in EDM experiments.

The Optimum Conventional Terrestrial System Determined by VLBI and SLR Stations

1990 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 118-118
Author(s):  
W. Kosek ◽  
B. Kolaczek
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Earth Rotation ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Earth Gravity Field ◽  
Terrestrial System ◽  
Earth Gravity ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Station Coordinates ◽  
The World

The optimum Conventional Terrestrial System (CTS) can be defined by accurate coordinates of some number of stations distributed homogeneously all over the world. There are scores of laser and VLBI stations whose coordinates are known with high accuracy of the order of 1-2 cm. There are many CTS defined by the sets of station coordinates determined in the process of determination of the Earth rotation paramaters and the Earth gravity field. Presently existing stations are not distributed homogeneously on the Earth. They are located mostly in Europe and in North America. In this situation, the errors of orientation of axes and origin positions are not equal. Some of them, based on a small number of not homogeneously distributed stations, are not well-defined (stable).

scholarly journals The effect of earthquakes on the ERP during 1977–1985

1988 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 399-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard S. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Earth Rotation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Earth Rotation Parameters ◽  
Rotation Parameters ◽  
Large Earthquakes

The effect on the Earth Rotation Parameters (ERP) of all the large earthquakes that occurred during 1977–1985 is evaluated. It is found that they cannot have caused the variations observed in the ERP during this time period.

scholarly journals Development of Calculation Model for Metallic Particle Motion Considering Discharge Phenomenon under High Voltage Electric Field in SF6 Gas

2006 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Rokunohe ◽  
Tomohiro Moriyama ◽  
Yoshitaka Yagihashi ◽  
Makoto Koizumi ◽  
Fumihiro Endo
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Particle Motion ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Metallic Particle

The Terrestrial Coordinate System and International Earth-rotation Services

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
G. A. Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Earth Rotation ◽  
Reference System ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Crustal Movements ◽  
Earth Observations ◽  
The Earth ◽  
External Reference ◽  
External Objects ◽  
Rotation Of The Earth

New techniques of measurement make it possible in 1984 to determine positions on the surface of the Earth to a much higher precision than was possible in 1884. If we look beyond the requirements of navigation we can see useful applications of global geodetic positioning to centimetric accuracy for such purposes as the control of mapping and the study of crustal movements. These new techniques depend upon observations of external objects, such as satellites or quasars rather than stars, and they require that the positions of these objects and the orientation of the surface of the Earth are both known with respect to an appropriate external reference system that is ‘fixed’ in space. We need networks of observing stations and analysis centres that monitor the motions of the external objects and the rotation of the Earth. Observations of stars by a transit circle are no longer adequate for this purpose.

scholarly journals Improving of electrical channels for magnetotelluric sounding instrumentation

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Prystai ◽  
V. O. Pronenko
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Deep Structure ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Magnetotelluric Sounding ◽  
Earth’S Crust ◽  
Geomagnetic Variations ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Earth's Crust

Abstract. The study of the deep structure of the Earth's crust is of great interest for both applied (e.g. mineral exploration) and scientific research. For this the electromagnetic (EM) studies which enable one to construct the distribution of electrical conductivity in the Earth's crust are of great use. The most common method of EM exploration is magnetotelluric sounding (MT). This passive method of research uses a wide range of natural geomagnetic variations as a powerful source of electromagnetic induction in the Earth, producing telluric current variations there. It includes the measurements of variations of natural electric and magnetic fields in orthogonal directions at the surface of the Earth. By this, the measurements of electric fields are much more complicated metrological processes, and, namely, they limit the precision of MT prospecting. This is especially complicated at deep sounding when measurements of long periods are of interest. The increase in the accuracy of the electric field measurement can significantly improve the quality of MT data. Because of this, the development of a new version of an instrument for the measurements of electric fields at MT – both electric field sensors and the electrometer – with higher levels relative to the known instrument parameter level – was initiated. The paper deals with the peculiarities of this development and the results of experimental tests of the new sensors and electrometers included as a unit in the long-period magnetotelluric station LEMI-420 are given.

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