The Role of Interfacial Polarization in the Electrorheological Effects

The conductive, dielectric and surface properties of severl water-free polymer or inorganic material based ER fluids, as well as their response times, are investigated to elucidate the physical ground of the electrorheological effect. It is found that the slow polarization, especially the interfacial polarization rather than the Debye polarization, should be responsible for the observed phenomena. Combining with the recent achievements (both theoretical and experimental) in the electrorheological field, we argue that is the interfacial polarization that does play a central role in electrorheological response. The particle re-orientation process is actually resulted from the large interfacial polarization.

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The role of electrical parameters in adding powder influences the surface properties of SKD61 steel in EDM process

Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering ◽

10.1007/s40430-021-02844-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Van Tao Le

Keyword(s):

Surface Properties ◽

Electrical Parameters ◽

Edm Process

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Impact of Natural Organic Matter on Monochloramine Reduction by Granular Activated Carbon: The Role of Porosity and Electrostatic Surface Properties

Environmental Science & Technology ◽

10.1021/es060111j ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 40 (13) ◽

pp. 4268-4273 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Julian L. Fairey ◽

Gerald E. Speitel ◽

Lynn E. Katz

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Surface Properties ◽

Natural Organic Matter ◽

Granular Activated Carbon

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A Direct Assessment of the Role of Expectation in Inhibition of Return

Psychological Science ◽

10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01979.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 783-787 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Thomas M. Spalek

Keyword(s):

Inhibition Of Return ◽

Response Times ◽

Direct Measure ◽

Imaginary Circle ◽

Direct Assessment ◽

Relevant Evidence ◽

Indirect Measures

An object hidden among distractors can be found more efficiently if previously searched locations are not reinspected. The inhibition-of-return (IOR) phenomenon indexes the tendency to avoid reinspections. Two accounts of IOR, that it is due to inhibition and that it is due to expectation, are generally regarded as incompatible. The relevant evidence to date, however, has been indirect: Inhibition or expectation has been inferred from response times or similar indirect measures. This article reports the first direct measure of IOR, obtained by asking observers to predict the location of the next target in a display containing eight possible locations on an imaginary circle. On any given trial, the previously cued location was chosen less frequently (impairment)—and the opposite location was chosen more frequently (facilitation)—than chance (choice of all other locations was at chance). The impairment is consistent with both inhibition and expectation accounts; the facilitation is consistent only with expectation accounts. This work also shows that inhibition and expectation are not necessarily incompatible: Implementing expectations may entail inhibiting previously cued locations.

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Lateralization of lexical processing in monolinguals and bilinguals

International Journal of Bilingualism ◽

10.1177/13670069211018842 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 136700692110188

Author(s):

Filiz Mergen ◽

Gulmira Kuruoglu

Keyword(s):

Lexical Processing ◽

Response Times ◽

Visual Fields ◽

Decision Task ◽

Bilingual Speakers ◽

Visual Hemifield ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Brain Correlates ◽

Orthographic Neighbors

Aims and objectives: This study aims to investigate how lexical processing (LP) is organized in early Turkish–English bilinguals and Turkish monolinguals. Methodology: We used a visual hemifield paradigm where bilingual ( n = 48) and monolingual ( n = 53) participants performed a lexical decision task. Bilingual participants performed the task in both their languages. Data and analysis: We recorded response times (RTs) and the accuracy rates (ARs) of the participants. An analysis of variance and t-test were run to analyze the bilingual and monolingual data, respectively. Findings: The results obtained from the analysis of the RTs and ARs for the Turkish and English words showed a balanced hemispheric organization in LP in bilingual speakers. The RTs for Turkish words in the monolingual group provided supportive evidence for the predominant role of the left hemisphere in LP. However, no significant difference was found in the accuracy of their answers, suggesting that the monolingual participants’ performance was not influenced by visual field of presentation of the words. Finally, the comparison of the two groups revealed that bilingual participants’ performance was inferior to monolinguals’ in speed and accuracy of processing of words presented in both visual fields. This result gives further support for the differential representation of LP in monolinguals and bilinguals. Originality: The psycholinguistic literature abounds with studies of LP in bilinguals and monolinguals from a variety of language backgrounds; however, there is much less data regarding the brain correlates of LP in Turkish–English bilinguals and Turkish monolinguals. Implications: Since Turkish–English bilinguals and Turkish monolinguals are underrepresented in the literature as compared to the population who speak other languages with alphabetic writing, this study provides preliminary data for future studies. Limitations: We did not control for gender or lexical factors such as orthographic neighbors when designing the word sets used as stimuli.

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The Colorado potato beetle in movement

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/n02-008 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 135 (1) ◽

pp. 1-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

G. Boiteau ◽

A. Alyokhin ◽

D.N. Ferro

Keyword(s):

Colorado Potato Beetle ◽

Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽

Recent Literature ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Orientation Process ◽

Potato Beetle ◽

Host Habitat ◽

Subject Areas ◽

Refuge Areas

AbstractThe recent introduction of the concept of refuge areas for the management of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae), on resistant potato highlighted the existence of important gaps in our knowledge and understanding of this pest's movement within and between habitats. The objective of this review is to synthesize the information available for the benefit of crop managers and to identify subject areas in need of additional research. A traditional, somewhat encyclopedic, review of the old and recent literature on research methods, basics of flight and walking, as well as abiotic and biotic conditions for dispersal, revealed a considerable volume of information accumulated since the early 1900s. There is a consensus on the role of abiotic factors on flight and walking, but a better understanding of the biotic factors will be required before the variability of the dispersal response can be fully explained or predicted. Cybernetic models of orientation proposed in the literature were pulled together into a schematic representation of the orientation process in walking L. decemlineata. The model begins the integration of the different conditions and underlying suggested mechanisms responsible for the orientation of the walking beetle. There is remarkably little information on the orientation of potato beetles during flight. Finally, the seasonality of walking and flight dispersal is reviewed in relation to the host habitat and overwintering sites.

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