SPECIFICATIONS AND TOOLS FOR BUILDING RELIABLE EXPERT SYSTEMS

1993 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 17-52
Author(s):  
ALUN D. PREECE
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
System Development ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Verification And Validation ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
System Validation ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Tools And Techniques ◽  
Verification Techniques

Expert system technology is being applied to complex problem-solving tasks in many domains; concerns have naturally arisen as to the reliability of these systems. As with any software, attention to quality and reliability must be paid throughout development of an expert system. Validation and verification techniques must be employed, and effective use of such techniques depends upon the existence of specifications which state not only what the system must do, but also how it must do it. This article presents practical and sound techniques for performing specification, verification and validation activities for an expert system. Tools are described which assist the developer in performing verification and validation. It is argued that these tools and techniques form the backbone of a powerful and practical expert system development methodology. The general aim of the article is to demonstrate that formal processes can be applied to assure the reliability of an expert system, and that use of such processes is entirely practical, given the present state-of-the-art in software engineering and expert systems. The article is illustrated with examples from the development of a real expert system application in a medical domain.

Knowledge-acquisition tools with explicit problem-solving models

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Birmingham ◽  
Georg Klinker
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Code Generation ◽  
System Development ◽  
Generalization Error ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
The Past

AbstractIn the past decade, expert systems have been applied to a wide variety of application tasks. A central problem of expert system development and maintenance is the demand placed on knowledge engineers and domain experts. A commonly proposed solution is knowledge-acquisition tools. This paper reviews a class of knowledge-acquisition tools that presuppose the problem-solving method, as well as the structure of the knowledge base. These explicit problem-solving models are exploited by the tools during knowledge-acquisition, knowledge generalization, error checking and code generation.

Critical Review of Expert System Validation in Transportation

1997 ◽  
Vol 1588 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary S. Spring
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
System Validation ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Made In

Expert system validation—that is, testing systems to ascertain whether they achieve acceptable performance levels—has with few exceptions been ad hoc, informal, and of dubious value. Very few efforts have been made in this regard in the transportation area. A discussion of the major issues involved in validating expert systems is provided, as is a review of the work that has been done in this area. The review includes a definition of validation within the context of the overall evaluation process, descriptions and critiques of several approaches to validation, and descriptions of guidelines that have been developed for this purpose.

Expert Systems and Special Education

1986 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. Hofmeister ◽  
Joseph M. Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
System Development ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Development Tools ◽  
Potential Applications

Expert systems are computer programs designed to replicate human expertise in a variety of areas. This article discusses the characteristics of these programs as well as recently available expert system development tools. The article also suggests potential applications for expert systems within the field of special education. Finally, the article reviews recent efforts to apply expert systems technology to special education problems.

The need for a comprehensive expert system development methodology

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Baumert ◽  
Anna Critchfield ◽  
Karen Leavitt
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
System Development ◽  
Development Methodology

Knowledge Management through End User Developed Expert Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 148-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
System Development ◽  
End Users ◽  
End User ◽  
Knowledge Capture ◽  
Design Quality ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Alternate Forms ◽  
Knowledge Content

Knowledge is receiving recognition as a strategic force in organizations. Correspondingly, one form of knowledge capture and maintenance organizations are tempted to use is expert system design by end users. The chapter discusses difficulties associated with end-user development, both in terms of design quality and knowledge content. An analysis of 25 expert systems written by non-professional developers reveals significant quality and size limitations that indicate limited feasibility of end-user expert system development. Furthermore, the lack of design quality may not be easily compensated for by a “knowledge advantage” of the end users, as end users may have a performance advantage in using their knowledge, but not in “knowing” it. The chapter then offers suggestions for alternate forms of end-user oriented expert system development that considers end-user limitations and takes advantage of recent developments in information technology.

A Desktop Expert System as a Human Factors Work Aid

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 1087-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig S. Hartley ◽  
John R. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
System Development ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Video Display ◽  
Problem Domain ◽  
Topic Area

The advent of increasingly powerful microcomputers, coupled with the development of small, feature-packed expert systems now makes it cost effective to provide workers with relatively inexpensive desktop expert systems. In order to evaluate the value of such systems as work aids for human factors engineers, we developed a small demonstration system using a commercially available expert system development tool, NEXPERTTM, released in 1985 by Neuron Data, Inc. of Palo Alto, CA. We selected a candidate problem area based on four criteria: 1) the problem domain had to be small enough to be covered comprehensively by a relatively small knowledge base; 2) the problem domain had to be potentially useful to video display terminal (VDT) screen designers; 3) appropriate information had to be readily available in human factors guidelines, published reports, and journal articles; and 4) the problem should provide the opportunity to exercise as many of the features of NEXPERT as possible. The topic area we selected was “video display screen color”. Our goal was to produce a job performance aid (JPA) that non-human factors VDT screen designers could use to select appropriate colors for screen features. Because the system users typically have little or no formal training in human factors, the JPA has to supply color recommendations in the form of clearly stated requirements, but with the decision rationale and additional references also immediately available for users wanting more information. Using the expert system shell provided by NEXPERT, we constructed a knowledge base containing more than one hundred IF …, THEN … rules representing knowledge gained from a detailed literature review. We initially validated our expert system by posing a wide variety of hypothetical design problems and assessing its conclusions against our expectations. Based on our work so far, we have concluded that small expert systems can be useful in providing human factors expertise to system designers. We believe that increasing use of expert systems may soon lead to changes in the typical current scientific publication format to include knowledge base rules provided by the author(s).

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA KERUSAKAN PADA CANON NP6650XX MENGGUNAKAN METODA DEMPSTER SHAFER

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaerul Manaf
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
System Development ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Theory Of Knowledge ◽  
Monitor Screen ◽  
System Knowledge

An expert system is a computer software that has a knowledge base. Where knowledge is taken from several experts with experience working for years on a particular field of expertise. Expert systems easier to develop and specifications are not too difficult, so it can be used by computers that exist todayThe purpose of this study to design a software tool in diagnosing damage to the machine canon NP 6650XX which creates the appearance of an error code on the monitor screen machine using Dempster Shafer Method. To achieve this, research is conducted by collecting the theories associated with this machine, based on the theory of knowledge, undertake steps that expert system development, identification, conceptualization, formalization, implementation and testingThe result is a software that can provide information about damage to the machine canon NP 6650XX which such damage can lead to the appearance of an error code on the monitor screen machine.  Keywords: Expert System, Knowledge, Canon Machinery, Error, Dempster Shafer.

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