A REDUCIBILITY PROBLEM FOR MONODROMY OF SOME SURFACE BUNDLES

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (05) ◽  
pp. 597-616
Author(s):  
YOICHI IMAYOSHI ◽  
MANABU ITO ◽  
HIROSHI YAMAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Interesting Case ◽  
Base Space ◽  
Closed Path ◽  
Monodromy Representation ◽  
Surface Bundles ◽  
Reducibility Problem ◽  
Surface Bundle

A surface bundle determines a monodromy representation recording the twisting of the fiber under transport around a closed path in the base space. The fascinating relation between these monodromy representations and the Thurston classification of surface automorphisms will be studied. In this note we deal with a simple and interesting case: the fibrations of Fadell and Neuwirth.

scholarly journals BNS INVARIANTS AND ALGEBRAIC FIBRATIONS OF GROUP EXTENSIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Stefan Friedl ◽  
Stefano Vidussi
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Broad Class ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Finitely Generated ◽  
Group Extensions ◽  
Finitely Generated Group ◽  
Surface Bundles ◽  
Surface Bundle

Abstract Let G be a finitely generated group that can be written as an extension $$ \begin{align*} 1 \longrightarrow K \stackrel{i}{\longrightarrow} G \stackrel{f}{\longrightarrow} \Gamma \longrightarrow 1 \end{align*} $$ where K is a finitely generated group. By a study of the Bieri–Neumann–Strebel (BNS) invariants we prove that if $b_1(G)> b_1(\Gamma ) > 0$ , then G algebraically fibres; that is, admits an epimorphism to $\Bbb {Z}$ with finitely generated kernel. An interesting case of this occurrence is when G is the fundamental group of a surface bundle over a surface $F \hookrightarrow X \rightarrow B$ with Albanese dimension $a(X) = 2$ . As an application, we show that if X has virtual Albanese dimension $va(X) = 2$ and base and fibre have genus greater that $1$ , G is noncoherent. This answers for a broad class of bundles a question of J. Hillman ([9, Question 11(4)]). Finally, we show that there exist surface bundles over a surface whose BNS invariants have a structure that differs from that of Kodaira fibrations, determined by T. Delzant.

A Primer on Mapping Class Groups (PMS-49)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benson Farb ◽  
Dan Margalit
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Moduli Space ◽  
Riemann Surfaces ◽  
Class Group ◽  
Mapping Class ◽  
Torelli Group ◽  
Surface Bundles ◽  
Surface Homeomorphisms ◽  
Low Dimensional

The study of the mapping class group Mod(S) is a classical topic that is experiencing a renaissance. It lies at the juncture of geometry, topology, and group theory. This book explains as many important theorems, examples, and techniques as possible, quickly and directly, while at the same time giving full details and keeping the text nearly self-contained. The book is suitable for graduate students. It begins by explaining the main group-theoretical properties of Mod(S), from finite generation by Dehn twists and low-dimensional homology to the Dehn–Nielsen–Baer–theorem. Along the way, central objects and tools are introduced, such as the Birman exact sequence, the complex of curves, the braid group, the symplectic representation, and the Torelli group. The book then introduces Teichmüller space and its geometry, and uses the action of Mod(S) on it to prove the Nielsen-Thurston classification of surface homeomorphisms. Topics include the topology of the moduli space of Riemann surfaces, the connection with surface bundles, pseudo-Anosov theory, and Thurston's approach to the classification.

ON FRAMED LINK PRESENTATIONS OF SURFACE BUNDLES

1998 ◽  
Vol 07 (08) ◽  
pp. 1087-1092
Author(s):  
KAZUHIRO ICHIHARA
Keyword(s):  
Orientable Surface ◽  
Closed Orientable Surface ◽  
Surface Bundles ◽  
Fibered Link ◽  
Surface Bundle ◽  
Framed Link

In this paper, we show that every closed orientable surface bundle over the circle is represented by a fibered link in the 3-sphere with framings induced by the fibration of the complement.

The structure of a local system associated with a hypergeometric system of rank 9

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050021
Author(s):  
Jyoichi Kaneko ◽  
Keiji Matsumoto ◽  
Katsuyoshi Ohara
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Fundamental Group ◽  
Fundamental System ◽  
Local System ◽  
Base Space ◽  
Integral Conditions ◽  
Monodromy Representation

We study a local system associated with a system [Formula: see text] of hypergeometric differential equations in two variables of rank [Formula: see text] with seven parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We modify the fundamental system of solutions to [Formula: see text] given in [A system of hypergeometric differential equations in two variables of rank 9, Internat. J. Math. 28 (2017), 1750015, 34 pp] so that it is valid even in cases where [Formula: see text] satisfy some integral conditions. By using this fundamental system, we show the irreducibility of the monodromy representation of [Formula: see text] under some conditions on the parameters. We characterize the fundamental group of the base space of this local system as the group generated by three loops with four relations among them.

scholarly journals Surface bundles over surfaces: new inequalities between signature, simplicial volume and Euler characteristic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Bucher ◽  
Caterina Campagnolo
Keyword(s):  
Euler Characteristic ◽  
Simplicial Volume ◽  
The Third ◽  
Surface Bundles ◽  
Surface Bundle ◽  
Ramified Coverings ◽  
New Inequalities

AbstractWe present three new inequalities tying the signature, the simplicial volume and the Euler characteristic of surface bundles over surfaces. Two of them are true for any surface bundle, while the third holds on a specific family of surface bundles, namely the ones that arise through ramified coverings. These are among the main known examples of bundles with non-zero signature.

scholarly journals Stump tumour in a post-menopausal lady

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 373
Author(s):  
Thulasi Devi ◽  
Kavita Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Uncertain Malignant Potential ◽  
Rare Tumour ◽  
Uterine Smooth Muscle ◽  
Post Menopausal

An interesting case of uterine smooth muscle tumours of uncertain malignant potential is a rare tumour and is between classification of benign and malignant. It is diagnosed based on histomorphology with ill-defined criteria which as yet has no consensus and is technically challenging.

Note on the spectral classification of carbon stars in the photographic infrared region

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Y. Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Region ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Carbon Stars

We have investigated the spectrograms (dispersion: 8Å/mm) in the photographic infrared region fromλ7500 toλ9000 of some carbon stars obtained by the coudé spectrograph of the 74-inch reflector attached to the Okayama Astrophysical Observatory. The names of the stars investigated are listed in Table 1.

Diagnostic Value of Electron Microscopy in Soft Tissue Tumors

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
Gerald Fine ◽  
Azorides R. Morales
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Myxoma ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Amelanotic Melanoma ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Good Agreement

For years the separation of carcinoma and sarcoma and the subclassification of sarcomas has been based on the appearance of the tumor cells and their microscopic growth pattern and information derived from certain histochemical and special stains. Although this method of study has produced good agreement among pathologists in the separation of carcinoma from sarcoma, it has given less uniform results in the subclassification of sarcomas. There remain examples of neoplasms of different histogenesis, the classification of which is questionable because of similar cytologic and growth patterns at the light microscopic level; i.e. amelanotic melanoma versus carcinoma and occasionally sarcoma, sarcomas with an epithelial pattern of growth simulating carcinoma, histologically similar mesenchymal tumors of different histogenesis (histiocytoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma, lytic osteogenic sarcoma versus rhabdomyosarcoma), and myxomatous mesenchymal tumors of diverse histogenesis (myxoid rhabdo and liposarcomas, cardiac myxoma, myxoid neurofibroma, etc.)

Ultrastructure of mesotheliomas

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
Irving Dardick
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Spindle Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Metastatic Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Cytological Features ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Degree Of Differentiation

With the extensive industrial use of asbestos in this century and the long latent period (20-50 years) between exposure and tumor presentation, the incidence of malignant mesothelioma is now increasing. Thus, surgical pathologists are more frequently faced with the dilemma of differentiating mesothelioma from metastatic adenocarcinoma and spindle-cell sarcoma involving serosal surfaces. Electron microscopy is amodality useful in clarifying this problem.In utilizing ultrastructural features in the diagnosis of mesothelioma, it is essential to appreciate that the classification of this tumor reflects a variety of morphologic forms of differing biologic behavior (Table 1). Furthermore, with the variable histology and degree of differentiation in mesotheliomas it might be expected that the ultrastructure of such tumors also reflects a range of cytological features. Such is the case.

Interpreting HVEM of muscle-cell impulse networks

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-127
Author(s):  
Paul DeCosta ◽  
Kyugon Cho ◽  
Stephen Shemlon ◽  
Heesung Jun ◽  
Stanley M. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Muscle Cell ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Automatic Classification ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Analysis Algorithm ◽  
Structural Networks

Introduction: The analysis and interpretation of electron micrographs of cells and tissues, often requires the accurate extraction of structural networks, which either provide immediate 2D or 3D information, or from which the desired information can be inferred. The images of these structures contain lines and/or curves whose orientation, lengths, and intersections characterize the overall network.Some examples exist of studies that have been done in the analysis of networks of natural structures. In, Sebok and Roemer determine the complexity of nerve structures in an EM formed slide. Here the number of nodes that exist in the image describes how dense nerve fibers are in a particular region of the skin. Hildith proposes a network structural analysis algorithm for the automatic classification of chromosome spreads (type, relative size and orientation).

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