PHOTONIC BAND GAPS PROPERTIES OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL TERNARY SUPERCONDUCTOR PHOTONIC CRYSTALS

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850152 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUSSEIN A. ELSAYED
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Interfacial Layer ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Type I ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Band Structures ◽  
Background Material ◽  
Ternary Superconductor ◽  
Photonic Band

In the present communication, by means of the frequency-dependent plane wave expansion method, we theoretically demonstrate the photonic band structures of a new type of two-dimensional (2D) annular photonic crystals (PCs) called 2D ternary superconductor PCs created by square and triangular lattices. Our idea is based on the appearance of the interfacial layer through a number of experimental works. We mainly investigate the maximization of the photonic band gap (PBG) using two types of ternary superconductor PCs. Type I in which an interfacial layer of Nb low temperature superconductor (LTSC) is encircled by cylindrical rods and a background material of two different dielectric materials. Type II is composed of cylindrical rods of Nb enclosed with an interfacial layer and a background material of the same dielectric materials used in type I. With the calculated photonic band structures, it can be found that the PBG can be significantly enlarged using the ternary structures more than the conventional (binary) structures. In addition, the different distributions of the constituent materials of the ternary structures have a distinct effect on the width of the PBGs.

Photonic band gap engineering in two-dimensional photonic crystals and iso-frequency contours

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Erdiven ◽  
F. Karadag ◽  
M. Karaaslan ◽  
E. Unal ◽  
F. Dincer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Band Gap Engineering ◽  
Photonic Band

Two-Dimensional Silicon Nitride Photonic Crystal Band Gap Characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 538 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Shou Xiang Chen ◽  
Xiu Lun Yang ◽  
Xiang Feng Meng ◽  
Yu Rong Wang ◽  
Lin Hui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Lattice Structure ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Filling Ratio ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Photonic Band

Plane-wave expansion method was employed to analyze the photonic band gap in two-dimensional silicon nitride photonic crystal. The effects of filling ratio and lattice structure type on the photonic band gap were studied. The results showed that two-dimensional dielectric cylinder type silicon nitride photonic crystal only has TE mode band gap, while, the air column type photonic crystal has complete band gap for TE and TM modes simultaneously. The distribution of band gap can be influenced by the filling ratio of dielectric materials and the lattice type. It is shown that the triangular lattice structure is much easier to form band gap than square lattice structure.

Modification of photonic crystals for obtaining common band gaps for TE and TM waves

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moghimi ◽  
S. Mirzakuchaki ◽  
N. Granpayeh ◽  
N. Nozhat ◽  
G.H. Darvish
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Expansion Method ◽  
Band Gaps ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Plane Wave Expansion ◽  
Photonic Band Gaps ◽  
Plane Wave Expansion Method ◽  
Common Band ◽  
Photonic Band

The band gaps of the two-dimensional photonic crystals, created by inhomogeneous triangular photonic crystal of variable central hexagonal holes are derived. The structure is made of air holes in GaAs. We present the best absolute photonic band gap for this structure by changing the holes’ radii. The photonic band gaps are calculated by the plane wave expansion method. The results indicate 95% overlap in the band gaps of both polarizations of TE and TM in triangular lattice.

Topology Optimization of Photonic Band Gap Crystals

2014 ◽  
Vol 553 ◽  
pp. 824-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Dong Huang ◽  
Shi Wei Zhou ◽  
Yi Min Xie ◽  
Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Topology Optimization ◽  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Beso Method ◽  
Photonic Band

This paper proposes a new topology optimization algorithm based on the bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method for the design of photonic band gap crystals. The photonic crystals are assumed to be periodically composed of two given dielectric materials. Based on the finite element analysis, the proposed BESO algorithm gradually re-distributes dielectric materials within the unit cell until the resulting photonic crystals possess a maximal band gap at the desirable frequency level. Numerical examples for both transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) polarizations are presented, and the optimized photonic crystals exhibit novel patterns markedly different from traditional designs of photonic crystals.

Fabrication of two-dimensional photonic structure of titanium dioxide with sub-micrometer resolution by deep x-ray lithography

2004 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Awazu ◽  
Makoto Fujimaki ◽  
Xiaomin Wang ◽  
Akihide Sai ◽  
Yoshimichi Ohki
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Nano Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Photonic Band

AbstractTwo dimensional photonic crystals of titanium dioxide is expected to have many advantage compared with photonic crystals of semiconductors, e.g., silicon and GaAs. For example, low optical loss in the near infrared region used for optical communication, low thermal expansion, and its refractive index which is close to that for optical fiber are attractive advantages. However, it is difficult to create micro-nano structure in titanium dioxide because micro-fabrication technique for semiconductor is not available for titanium dioxide. As the first step we calculated photonic band gap of titanium dioxide rod-slab on SiO2. Also, band gap percent against thickness of the rod-slab was examined. Finally, we confirmed the most suitable structure of 2D photonic crystals. Deep x-ray lithography technique was employed for create a very deep and precise template of PMMA. Then, liquid-phase deposition was used to faithfully deposit a tightly packed layer of titanium oxide onto the template. Finally, the template is selectively removed to obtain a photonic nano-structure. We also calculate photonic band gap on the 3D-structure of TiO2. A template for the most appropriate structure was fabricated by the method proposed by Yablonovitch. By using of the same method, it was successful to obtain 3D structure of TiO2. Refractive index of obtained TiO2 followed by heating at 700°C was determined to 2.5 which is close to that for anatase phase.

Simulation of Complex Dielectric Materials

2010 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 58-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Quandt ◽  
Heinrich Alexander Magnus Leymann
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Optimum Design ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Photonic Devices ◽  
Program Package ◽  
Band Structures ◽  
Photonic Band ◽  
Simulation Package ◽  
Technological Interest

Photonic crystals are not only responsible for the beautiful colors of opal gems, butterflies and peacocks. They are also of great technological interest as the key elements of a large variety of modern photonic devices [1]. We present a domestic simulation package, which has been developed for the optimum design of such devices. It basically consists of a number of MATLAB routines, which should allow for a convenient determination of photonic band structures and related properties. We briefly mention some of the main numerical challenges involved in the development of the most effective code. Then we discuss the main features of photonic band structures obtained for complex dielectric materials, and finally describe some useful numerical features, that will be implemented in future versions of our program package.

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