THICK PHOTORESIST ORIGINAL MASTER: A NEW TOOL FOR FABRICATION OF POLYMERIC OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES WITH LARGE CORE BY HOT EMBOSSING

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 513-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIROTAKA MIZUNO ◽  
OKIHIRO SUGIHARA ◽  
TOSHIKUNI KAINO ◽  
YUKA OHE ◽  
NAOMICHI OKAMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hot Embossing ◽  
Large Core ◽  
Plastic Optical Fibers ◽  
Thick Photoresist ◽  
Rectangular Groove ◽  
Flattening Process ◽  
Exposure Process

A simple and low-cost fabrication method of polymeric optical waveguides with large core sizes for plastic optical fibers is presented. The waveguides are fabricated by hot embossing with a rectangular ridge ultraviolet (UV)-cured epoxy resin stamper. The stamper is fabricated by replication of a rectangular groove mold that is made from silicone rubber replicated from a rectangular ridge original master made from thick photoresist (SU-8). A rectangular ridge shape of the original photoresist master of 1 mm size was realized by using a flattening process, which involves hot embossing before the exposure process and using a UV-cut filter during the exposure process.

Efficient Optical Couplings for Fiber-Distributed Solar Lighting

Solar Energy ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Maxey ◽  
M. R. Cates ◽  
S. L. Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Optical Waveguides ◽  
Large Core ◽  
Index Matching ◽  
Refractive Index Matching ◽  
Solar Lighting ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Insertion Losses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Loss Mechanisms

Optical couplings in large core optical waveguides have many similarities with those in conventional optical fibers but pose some unconventional challenges as well. The larger geometry, looser manufacturing tolerances and reduced dimensional stability compound the problems associated with making low-loss couplings in large core waveguides. The individual factors contributing to coupling losses are discussed to develop an understanding of the extant loss mechanisms. Individual methods and materials employed to mitigate the impact of each of the dominant loss mechanisms are discussed in detail. A combination of endface geometry control, axial alignment constraint and refractive index matching are employed to produce highly efficient optical couplings in large core waveguides. The combination of these elements has significantly reduced the insertion losses due to connector couplings. Prior to implementing the current methods losses of 15% and greater were common but these have been reduced to 2%–5% with the current methods.

Design and Fabrication of Micro Hot Embossing Mold for Microfluidic Chip Used in Flow Cytometry

2007 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
L.Q. Du ◽  
C. Liu ◽  
H.J. Liu ◽  
J. Qin ◽  
N. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hot Embossing ◽  
Microfluidic Chips ◽  
Metal Mold ◽  
Nickel Electroforming ◽  
Thick Photoresist ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Microfabrication Technology

Micro hot embossing mold of microfluidic chip used in flow cytometry is designed and microfabricated. After some kinds of microfabrication processes are tried, this paper presents a novel microfabrication technology of micro hot embossing metal mold. Micro metal mold is fabricated by low-cost UV-LIGA surface micro fabrication process using negative thick photoresist, SU-8. Different from other micro hot embossing molds, the micro mold with vertical sidewalls is fabricated by micro nickel electroforming directly on Nickel base. Based on the micro Nickel mold and automation fabrication system, high precision and mass-producing microfluidic chips have been fabricated and they have been used in flow cytometry

The Rebirth of Large-Core Plastic Optical Fibers: Some Recent Results from the EU Project "POF-ALL"

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cardenas ◽  
Antonino Nespola ◽  
Stefano Camatel ◽  
Silvio Abrate ◽  
Roberto Gaudino
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Large Core ◽  
Plastic Optical Fibers ◽  
Eu Project ◽  
The Eu

scholarly journals Refractive Index Sensor Based on Twisted Tapered Plastic Optical Fibers

Photonics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teng ◽  
Deng ◽  
Liu ◽  
Yang ◽  
Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Simple Structure ◽  
External Medium ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Other ◽  
Refractive Index Sensor ◽  
Coupling Ratio ◽  
Plastic Optical Fibers ◽  
Drawing Method

We proposed a refractive index (RI) sensor employing two twisted tapered plastic optical fibers (POFs). The tapered POFs were fabricated by a heating and drawing method and were twisted around each other to form a coupled structure. The sensor consisted of two input ports, a twisted region, and two output ports. The tapered POF could make the light couple from one POF to the other easily. The twisted tapered POFs could constitute a self-referencing sensor, and by monitoring the changes of the coupling ratio, the variations of the external medium RIs could be measured. The RI sensing performances for the sensors with different fiber diameters and twisted region lengths were studied. The sensitivities of 1700%/RIU and −3496%/RIU in the RI ranges of 1.37–1.41 and 1.41–1.44 were obtained, respectively. The sensor is a low-cost solution for liquid RI measurement, which has the features of simple structure and easy fabrication.

scholarly journals D-Shaped POF Sensors for Refractive Index Sensing—The Importance of Surface Roughness

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipa Sequeira ◽  
Nunzio Cennamo ◽  
Alisa Rudnitskaya ◽  
Rogério Nogueira ◽  
Luigi Zeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Refractive Index Sensing ◽  
Plastic Optical Fibers ◽  
Index Changes ◽  
Low Cost Manufacturing ◽  
Scattering Losses

In this study the influence of the surface roughness on the transmission capacities of D-shaped plastic optical fibers (POFs) and sensors performance was investigated. Five D-shaped POF sensors were produced and characterized for refractive index sensing between 1.33 and 1.41. The sensors were characterized using a low-cost optical sensing system based on the variation of the transmitted light though the POF with refractive index changes (RI). Higher surface roughness increases the scattering losses through the POF and influences the sensors’ performance; therefore, a balance must be attained. Generally, the best performance was achieved when the sensing region was polished with P600 sandpaper as a final polishing step. Polishing with sandpapers of lower grit size resulted in lower scattering, higher linearity of the sensor response and generally lower performance for RI sensing. A sensor resolution of 10−3–10−4 RIU, dependent on the value of the external refractive index, was obtained through simple and low-cost manufacturing procedures. The obtained results show the importance of surface roughness in the development of POF sensors which can be used in several applications, such as for water quality assessment.

Plastic Optical Fiber Displacement Sensor for Cracks Monitoring

2007 ◽  
Vol 347 ◽  
pp. 487-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Olivero ◽  
Guido Perrone ◽  
Alberto Vallan ◽  
Silvio Abrate
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Axial Distance ◽  
Light Modulation ◽  
Large Core ◽  
Detection Scheme ◽  
Polymer Optical Fibers

In the following we present a low-cost optical system for cracks evolution monitoring. The transducer principle is based on the variation of light transmitted between two facing fibers with their axial distance, exploiting the unique light-collecting capabilities of large-core polymer optical fibers. The characterization shows that the working range of the transducer is up to 3.5cm, with a resolution of 10$m and a repeatability of 5$m. With our current custom-developed control unit, up to four transducers can be arranged to provide a multi-axial displacement sensor or to simultaneously monitor four points for distributed sensing. A closed-loop light modulation/detection scheme is implemented to reduce the environmental noise sensitivity. The control unit is interfaced to a PC via USB port or via GSM/GPRS modem to automatically send periodical reports of the measurements and to issue warnings in case of displacements above a given threshold. Extensive tests in an environmental chamber have been carried out in order to extract calibration curves and to compensate for day-night and summer-winter temperature fluctuations.

Low-Cost Sensing with Plastic Optical Fibers—From Turbidity and Refractive Index to Chemical Sensing

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Filipa Sequeira ◽  
Daniel Duarte ◽  
Rogério Nogueira ◽  
Lúcia Bilro
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Chemical Sensing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Site Monitoring ◽  
Plastic Optical Fibers

This manuscript presents low-cost sensing systems for the monitoring of liquids, namely water and beverages quality assessment, with remote and in-site monitoring capabilities. The collaboration with several research groups allowed the development of smart optical platforms and low-cost sensors based on plastic optical fibers for the measurement of turbidity, color, refractive index and water contaminants.

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