USE OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR GEOSEISMIC HAZARDS

2007 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 347-360
Author(s):  
SISSY NIKOLAOU
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Earthquake Hazard ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Seismic Wave Propagation ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Seismic Source Models ◽  
Source Models

This paper presents integrated Geographic Information Systems (GIS) developed to perform seismic hazard and risk assessment. The systems can perform complex interactive computations which would be difficult and time-consuming to carry out manually, such as: (i) deterministic and probabilistic earthquake hazard analysis; (ii) evaluation of different ground motion and seismic source models; (iii) assessment of the effect of local geology; (iv) generation of design-compatible time histories; and (v) damage assessment of spatially distributed structural systems. An application for the New York City metropolitan area demonstrates that despite the scarcity of recorded data, incomplete knowledge of seismic wave propagation characteristics, and sometimes insufficient geologic data, it is possible to arrive at a rational estimate of the seismic risk potential in a probabilistic manner, combining available information and uncertainties in the GIS environment.

Optimization of Multiple-Route Feeder Bus Service: Application of Geographic Information Systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 1857 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven I-Jy Chien ◽  
Feng-Ming Tsai ◽  
Edwin Hou
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
York City ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Service Area ◽  
Street Network ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Demand Distribution

A genetic algorithm (GA) was developed to optimize a bus transit system serving an irregularly shaped area with a grid street network. The developed objective total cost function was minimized subject to realistic demand distribution and street pattern. The service area in New York City was selected as an example to demonstrate the application of the developed model. With the application of geographic information systems, the street network within the service area was obtained and applied, while the passenger demand information was approximated based on the New York City census report of 1990. The optimal number of bus routes and their locations were found by applying the proposed GA, while the optimal headways of the routes were analytically derived. The method developed here can be applied to dynamic routing buses under various incident situations.

scholarly journals Transposing an active fault database into a seismic hazard fault model for nuclear facilities – Part A: Building a database of potentially active faults (BDFA) for metropolitan France

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hervé Jomard ◽  
Edward Marc Cushing ◽  
Luigi Palumbo ◽  
Stéphane Baize ◽  
Claire David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Active Faults ◽  
Seismic Source ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Upper Rhine Graben ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Seismic Source Models ◽  
Source Models

Abstract. The French Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety Institute (IRSN), with the support of the Ministry of Environment, compiled a database (BDFA) in order to define and characterize known potentially active faults of metropolitan France. The general structure of BDFA is presented in this paper. BDFA contains to date a total of 136 faults and represent a first step toward the implementation of seismic source models that would be used for both deterministic and probabilistic hazard calculations. An example transposing BDFA into a fault source model for PSHA (Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis) calculation is presented for the Upper Rhine Graben (Eastern France); and exploited in the parent paper (part B) in order to illustrate ongoing challenges for probabilistic fault-based seismic hazard calculations.

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