Numerical Simulations of Impacts of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami on Coastal Morphological Changes Around the Ulee Lheue Bay of Aceh, Indonesia

Wave forces during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami have caused morphological deformations of some coastal areas in Aceh, Indonesia. The sediment transport process during the tsunami wave propagation around near shore areas is a challenging numerical problem. To observe the coastal morphological changes after the Indian Ocean tsunami, this study numerically simulates the coastline changes, sedimentation and erosion areas, and seabed profiles changes around the Ulee Lheue Bay of Aceh, which was severely damaged by the tsunami. Two-dimensional horizontal areas were simulated by Cornell Multi-grid Coupled Tsunami (COMCOT) and Delft3D. Data of the nearshore area were collected from previous measurements acquired by the Indonesian Navy. According to the results, sediment in the sea area was deposited approximately 2.5[Formula: see text]km from the initial coastline, at the northern part of one small island occupying the Ulee Lheue Bay. This island reduced the energy of the tsunami waves during the backwash process, dumping a significant amount of eroded sediment near the coastline area.

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Shoreline and Coastal Morphological Changes Induced by the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami in the Katchal Island, Andaman and Nicobar – A Study Using Archived Satellite Images

Tsunamis and Earthquakes in Coastal Environments - Coastal Research Library ◽

10.1007/978-3-319-28528-3_5 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 65-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ali P. Yunus ◽

Jie Dou ◽

Ram Avtar ◽

A. C. Narayana

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Satellite Images ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

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Modeling of Tsunami Propagation in the Vicinity of the Southern Coasts of Iran

Volume 5: Ocean Space Utilization; Polar and Arctic Sciences and Technology; The Robert Dean Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Engineering; Special Symposium on Offshore Renewable Energy ◽

10.1115/omae2007-29082 ◽

2007 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohammad Heidarzadeh ◽

Moharram D. Pirooz ◽

Nasser H. Zaker ◽

Mohammad Mokhtari

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Subduction Zone ◽

Initial Conditions ◽

Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Height Distribution ◽

Tsunami Propagation ◽

Makran Subduction Zone ◽

Tsunami Waves ◽

The Indian Ocean ◽

The Impact

The extensive death toll and sever economical damages brought by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami has emphasized the urgent need for assessing the hazard of tsunami in this ocean, and determining the most vulnerable coastlines to the impact of possible tsunami. In this paper the hazard of tsunami for southern coasts of Iran bordering the Indian Ocean is discussed. At first, historical data of tsunami occurrences on the Iranian southern coasts are collected, described and analyzed. Then, numerical simulation of potential tsunamis in the Makran subduction zone is performed and the tsunami wave height distribution along the Iranian coast is calculated. The Makran subduction zone is among two main tsunamigenic zones in the Indian Ocean. In this zone the Oman oceanic plate subducts beneath the Iranian Micro-plate at an estimated rate of about 19 mm/yr. Historically, there is the potential for tsunami generation in this region and several tsunamis attacked the Makran coastlines in the past. The most recent tsunami in this region has occurred on 28 November 1945 which took the lives of more than 4000 people in the coasts of Iran, Pakistan, India, and Oman. Here we examine the seafloor uplift of the Makran zone and its potential for generating destructive tsunamis in the southern coastlines of Iran. Several earthquake scenarios with moment magnitudes ranging between 6.5 and 8.5 are used as initial conditions for analysis. For scenario of an earthquake with magnitude of 8.0, propagation of tsunami waves on coastlines and wave time histories in selected reference locations are calculated.

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Numerical simulation of the impacts of reflected tsunami waves on Pulo Raya Island during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

Journal of Coastal Conservation ◽

10.1007/s11852-016-0464-6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 489-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Teuku Muhammad Rasyif ◽

Syamsidik ◽

Musa Al’ala ◽

Mirza Fahmi

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Tsunami Waves

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Global Disaster: The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

Journal of Disaster Research ◽

10.20965/jdr.2006.p0131 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 131-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Fumihiko Imamura ◽

◽

Shunichi Koshimura ◽

Kazuhisa Goto ◽

Hideaki Yanagisawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Computer Graphics ◽

Field Survey ◽

Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Coastal Community ◽

2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

The Future ◽

The Indian Ocean

The typical mechanism behind the generation and propagation of the 2004 Indian ocean tsunami is introduced through computer graphics, showing how it propagated across the ocean. The damage it caused in countries on the Indian ocean is summarized to suggest the lessons to be leaned in mitigating similar disasters in the future. And we investigated its impact on not only coastal community but also the environment, including coral and vegetation by a field survey and cover research required in tsunami engineering.

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Verification of Disaster Management Information on the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Using Virtual Tsunami Warning System

Journal of Disaster Research ◽

10.20965/jdr.2011.p0212 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 212-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tomoyuki Takahashi ◽

◽

Tomohiro Konuma ◽

Keyword(s):

Indian Ocean ◽

Disaster Management ◽

Warning System ◽

Tsunami Warning ◽

Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Management Information ◽

Tsunami Warning System ◽

2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

The Indian Ocean ◽

2004 Tsunami

There is still no tsunami warning systemprotecting the shores of the Indian Ocean, but imagine that a tsunami warning system had been in operation at the time of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. What disaster management information would have been issued for this tsunami ? This paper first proposes four tsunamimodels based on the earthquake information issued by different institutions. Next, setting these tsunami models as the initial condition, tsunami simulations are conducted to find the height of the tsunami striking the coastline around the Indian Ocean. As a result, it is indicated that because the tsunami model immediately after occurrence of the 2004 Sumatra Earthquake and the Indian Ocean tsunami calculated from this model are underestimated, appropriate tsunami warnings would most probably not have been issued before the 2004 tsunami struck land.

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Andaman Seacoast of Thailand Field Survey after the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

Earthquake Spectra ◽

10.1193/1.2209927 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 22 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 187-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Absornsuda Siripong

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

Satellite Imagery ◽

Field Data ◽

Field Survey ◽

Andaman Sea ◽

Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Tide Gauges ◽

2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽

Near Shore

The post-tsunami runups on the damaged Andaman Sea coastline of Thailand from the tsunami of 26 December 2004 were surveyed by Thai and Korean teams for 99 transects from 23 January to 7 February 2005. The highest runup in Thailand was 15.68 m at Cape Coral, in Phang-nga province, and the longest inundation distance was 3 km at Bang Nieng, in Phang-nga province. The causes of the variation in runup were analyzed by using the method of splitting tsunami (MOST) model, tide gauges, satellite imagery, and field data with topographic charts. The distribution of runups reflects the effects of bathymetry, coastal topography, coastline configuration and slope, the pattern and density of land use, and the biological and geomorphological characteristics of offshore and near-shore areas.

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