Chapter 2 overviews the historical development and past research into temporary structures from 1970 up to 2016 and describe the various problems that have occurred necessitating changes to traditional design and construction techniques. The survey covers tubular, proprietary and modular scaffolds, bridge falsework as well as bridge construction equipment. Particular areas emphasised are the changes introduced by the use of advanced structural analysis techniques and the need for changes in procedures following the analyses of collapses of temporary structures. An overview of various solutions is presented, including the use of different materials (steel, aluminium, timber and bamboo). The chapter shows that same analysis procedures are used for these different materials. The chapter then overviews the actions acting on temporary structures such as permanent loads and variable construction loads and finishes with an introduction to failures of falsework and scaffolding structures.
This article focuses on the discussion of the concept of Ronggowarsito's Islamic theosophy in Serat Sabdajati with the purpose to identify the concept in detail. The data of this study were obtained mainly from Serat Sabdajati, which were analyzed through text analysis techniques—carried out with a structural analysis approach. The results showed that Serat Sabdajati contains several Islamic theosophical values. The values contained in include the value of Aqeedah (Islamic doctrine) and Akhlaq (Ethics in Islam). The Value of the Aqeedah consists of the Advice to be close to God, the Advice to Believe in God's Atonement, and the Prohibition to believe another God. Meanwhile, the value of Akhlaq consists of the Teaching of humbleness, Self-Reliance and Introspection, and the Teaching of Patience.
The application of structural analysis techniques to solve real engineering problems is an entirely independent discipline by itself that cannot be properly presented in a book of structural mechanics. However, it is important to give an overview of how mathematical models can help make engineering decisions. This is the subject of the current chapter. The context of the presentation is that of earthquake safety assessment. Of course, this is not the only industrial application of the fracture and damage mechanics of frames, but it is a very representative one and a good example of it. The chapter is organized as follows. First, the problem is presented and a protocol to solve it is described in Section 13.1. Then, an academic software that can be accessed via Internet is described in Section 13.2. This program is used to solve some examples of real structures in the last section of the chapter.
Metabolomics is the newest addition to the “omics” disciplines and has shown rapid growth in its application to human health research because of fundamental advancements in measurement and analysis techniques. Metabolomics has unique and proven advantages in systems biology and biomarker discovery. The next generation of analysis techniques promises even richer and more complete analysis capabilities that will enable earlier clinical diagnosis, drug refinement, and personalized medicine. A review of current advancements in methodologies and statistical analysis that are enhancing and improving the performance of metabolomics is presented along with highlights of some recent successful applications.
Cryo-electron microscopy as a functional instrument for systems biology, structural analysis and experimental manipulations with living cells. A comprehensive analytical review of the current works
