Evolution of a Habitable Planet

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 429-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Kasting ◽  
David Catling
Keyword(s):  
Habitable Planet

Habitable Planet Formation in Binary Star Systems

Icarus ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P Whitmire ◽  
John J Matese ◽  
Lee Criswell ◽  
Seppo Mikkola
Keyword(s):  
Planet Formation ◽  
Binary Star ◽  
Habitable Planet

scholarly journals A Decreased Probability of Habitable Planet Formation around Low‐Mass Stars

2007 ◽  
Vol 669 (1) ◽  
pp. 606-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean N. Raymond ◽  
John Scalo ◽  
Victoria S. Meadows
Keyword(s):  
Planet Formation ◽  
Low Mass Stars ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Habitable Planet

scholarly journals Densified Pupil Spectrograph as High-precision Radial Velocimetry: From Direct Measurement of the Universe’s Expansion History to Characterization of Nearby Habitable Planet Candidates

2022 ◽  
Vol 163 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Taro Matsuo ◽  
Thomas P. Greene ◽  
Mahdi Qezlou ◽  
Simeon Bird ◽  
Kiyotomo Ichiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Velocity ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Habitable Planet ◽  
Airy Disk

Abstract The direct measurement of the universe’s expansion history and the search for terrestrial planets in habitable zones around solar-type stars require extremely high-precision radial-velocity measures over a decade. This study proposes an approach for enabling high-precision radial-velocity measurements from space. The concept presents a combination of a high-dispersion densified pupil spectrograph and a novel line-of-sight monitor for telescopes. The precision of the radial-velocity measurements is determined by combining the spectrophotometric accuracy and the quality of the absorption lines in the recorded spectrum. Therefore, a highly dispersive densified pupil spectrograph proposed to perform stable spectroscopy can be utilized for high-precision radial-velocity measures. A concept involving the telescope’s line-of-sight monitor is developed to minimize the change of the telescope’s line of sight over a decade. This monitor allows the precise measurement of long-term telescope drift without any significant impact on the Airy disk when the densified pupil spectra are recorded. We analytically derive the uncertainty of the radial-velocity measurements, which is caused by the residual offset of the lines of sight at two epochs. We find that the error could be reduced down to approximately 1 cm s−1, and the precision will be limited by another factor (e.g., wavelength calibration uncertainty). A combination of the high-precision spectrophotometry and the high spectral resolving power could open a new path toward the characterization of nearby non-transiting habitable planet candidates orbiting late-type stars. We present two simple and compact highly dispersed densified pupil spectrograph designs for cosmology and exoplanet sciences.

scholarly journals Understanding the Formation and Primordial Evolution of the Earth

Eos ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Badro ◽  
Michael Walter
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Evolution ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Habitable Planet

The processes that formed the infant Earth set the stage for its subsequent evolution into the dynamic and habitable planet we know today.

scholarly journals Impact of anthropogenic activities on global land oxygen flux

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyue Liu ◽  
Jianping Huang ◽  
Jiping Huang ◽  
Changyu Li ◽  
Lei Ding
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Heterotrophic Soil Respiration ◽  
Habitable Planet ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Dynamic Description ◽  
The Tropics

Abstract. Atmospheric oxygen (O2) is one of the predominant features that enable Earth as a habitable planet for active and diverse biology. However, observations since the late 1980s indicate that O2 content in the atmosphere is falling steadily at part-per-million level. Although a scientific consensus has emerged that the current decline is generally attributed to the combustion of fossil fuel, a quantitative assessment of the anthropogenic impact on the O2 cycle on both global and regional scale is currently lacking. This paper quantifies the anthropogenic and biological O2 flux over land and provides a quantitative and dynamic description of land O2 budget under impacts of human activities on grid scale. It is found that total anthropogenic O2 flux over land has risen from 35.6 Gt/yr in 2000 to 46.0 Gt/yr in 2013, while the compensation from land (11.5 Gt/yr averaged from 2000 to 2013) displays a faint increase during the same period. High anthropogenic fluxes mainly occur in Eastern Asia, India, North America and Europe caused by fossil fuel combustion and in Central Africa caused by wildfire. Due to strong heterotrophic soil respiration under higher temperature conditions, the positive O2 flux in the tropics is not significant. Instead, boreal forest and Tibetan plateau become the most important sources of atmospheric O2 in the Anthropocene. The anthropogenic oxygen consumption data are publicly available online at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899167.

Habitable Planet, Characterization

2015 ◽  
pp. 1039-1048
Author(s):  
Lisa Kaltenegger ◽  
Franck Selsis
Keyword(s):  
Habitable Planet

Emergence of a Habitable Planet

2007 ◽  
pp. 35-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Zahnle ◽  
Nick Arndt ◽  
Charles Cockell ◽  
Alex Halliday ◽  
Euan Nisbet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitable Planet

scholarly journals Habitable Planet Formation in Binary Planetary Systems

2007 ◽  
Vol 666 (1) ◽  
pp. 436-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Haghighipour ◽  
Sean N. Raymond
Keyword(s):  
Planet Formation ◽  
Planetary Systems ◽  
Habitable Planet

scholarly journals Evolutionary catastrophes and the Goldilocks problem

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan M. Ćirković
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Biological Evolution ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Mass Extinctions ◽  
Terrestrial Biosphere ◽  
Habitable Planet ◽  
Observation Selection

AbstractOne of the mainstays of the controversial ‘rare Earth’ hypothesis is the ‘Goldilocks problem’ regarding various parameters describing a habitable planet, partially involving the role of mass extinctions and other catastrophic processes in biological evolution. Usually, this is construed as support for the uniqueness of the Earth's biosphere and intelligent human life. Here it is argued that this is a misconstrual and that, on the contrary, observation-selection effects when applied to catastrophic processes make it very difficult for us to discern whether the terrestrial biosphere and evolutionary processes which created it are exceptional in the Milky Way or not. This agnosticism, in turn, supports the validity and significance of practical astrobiological and SETI research.

Atmospheric pressure and CO2 concentration of potential habitable planet HD40307g

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1403-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Tian
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Habitable Planet
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