scholarly journals Improved Detection of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at Chest CT Using the Mean Curvature of Isophotes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Savadjiev ◽  
Benoit Gallix ◽  
Morteza Rezanejad ◽  
Sahir Bhatnagar ◽  
Alexandre Semionov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mean Curvature ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
The Mean

scholarly journals Outcome of early use of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Ishfaq ◽  
Naheed Gul ◽  
Neelum Zaka
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Early Use ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To determine the outcome of early use of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in Pakistani patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Shifa International Hospital Islamabad from April 2015 to January 2017. A total of 120 patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease receiving NIPPV alongside standard therapy were included in the study. The patients were clinically assessed before starting on NIPPV. The parameters of respiratory rate, pH and paCO2 were monitored and NIPPV was given for six hours to evaluate clinical outcomes and analyze the factors predicting failure (requirement of mechanical ventilation and mortality). Frequency and percentages were calculated for qualitative variables while Mean and Standard Deviation for quantitative variables. Chi-square and t-test were used to see differences in pre and post NIPPV arterial blood gases. Results: Patients’ mean age was 58.88±10.09 years. Males were 88 (73.3%) and females were 32 (26.7%). The mean respiratory rate was 24±1.45 per minute before and 17.96±1.35 per minute after NIPPV (p < 0.00001). The mean pH before NIPPV was 7.27±0.04 and afterwards 7.38±0.02 (p < 0.00001). The mean pCO2 was 61.87±9.60 mm of Hg before and 57.46±6.79 mm of Hg after NIPPV (P < 0.0003). Twenty Four (20%) patients required invasive ventilation of which 19 (15.8%) patients could not survive. Conclusions: There was remarkable improvement in the arterial blood gases after NIPPV. However, the high mortality rate and significant number of COPD patients requiring mechanical ventilation necessitates further investigation into our population. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.857 How to cite this:Ishfaq N, Gul N, Zaka N. Outcome of early use of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(6):1488-1492. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.6.857 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals The Joint Effects of Some Beverages Intake and Smoking on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Korean Adults: Data Analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2008–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2611
Author(s):  
Ji Eun Min ◽  
Da-An Huh ◽  
Kyong Whan Moon
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
National Health ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Coffee Intake ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
The Mean

Some beverages and smoking cause an inflammatory response in the lungs and airways in a similar way, ultimately affecting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) occurrence. Using a nationally representative health survey database, this study investigates the individual and joint effects of consumption of different beverages and smoking on COPD. This study is a cross-sectional analysis of 15,961 Korean adults in the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey of 2008–2015. COPD was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) divided by forced vital capacity (FVC) <0.70. We used multiple linear and logistic regression models to examine the association of beverage consumption and smoking with an FEV1/FVC ratio and odds ratio (OR) for COPD. The mean FEV1/FVC ratio decreased with increasing soda intake (p = 0.016), coffee intake (p = 0.031), and smoking status; however, the mean FEV1/FVC ratio increased with increasing green tea intake frequency (p = 0.029). When soda intake increased to 10 times/month, the OR of having COPD increased to 1.04 times (95% CI: 1.01, 1.07). The positive joint effect of soda intake and smoking on COPD was marginally significant (p = 0.058). We found that soda intake, coffee intake, and smoking increased airflow limitation while green tea intake decreased it. In addition, soda intake and smoking had a positive joint effect on COPD in the Korean population.

scholarly journals Impact of a Positive Viral Polymerase Chain Reaction on Outcomes of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Exacerbations

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kulothungan Gunasekaran ◽  
Mudassar Ahmad ◽  
Sana Rehman ◽  
Bright Thilagar ◽  
Kavitha Gopalratnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Virus ◽  
Hospital Length ◽  
Hospital Length Of Stay ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Exacerbations ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: More than 15 million adults in the USA have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) places a high burden on the healthcare system. Many hospital admissions are due to an exacerbation, which is suspected to be from a viral cause. The purpose of this analysis was to compare the outcomes of patients with a positive and negative respiratory virus panel who were admitted to the hospital with COPD exacerbations. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the Geisinger Healthcare System. The dataset included 2729 patient encounters between 1 January 2006 and 30 November 2017. Hospital length of stay was calculated as the discrete number of calendar days a patient was in the hospital. Patient encounters with a positive and negative respiratory virus panel were compared using Pearson’s chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and Student’s t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables. Results: There were 1626 patients with a total of 2729 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation encounters. Nineteen percent of those encounters (n = 524) had a respiratory virus panel performed during their admission. Among these encounters, 161 (30.7%) had positive results, and 363 (69.3%) had negative results. For encounters with the respiratory virus panel, the mean age was 64.5, 59.5% were female, 98.9% were white, and the mean body mass index was 26.6. Those with a negative respiratory virus panel had a higher median white blood cell count (11.1 vs. 9.9, p = 0.0076). There were no other statistically significant differences in characteristics between the two groups. Respiratory virus panel positive patients had a statistically significant longer hospital length of stay. There were no significant differences with respect to being on mechanical ventilation or ventilation-free days. Conclusion: This study shows that a positive respiratory virus panel is associated with increased length of hospital stay. Early diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation patients with positive viral panel would help identify patients with a longer length of stay.

Serum Electrolyte in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Chandra Prasad Acharya ◽  
Kalpana Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Serum Electrolyte ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Acute Exacerbation Of Copd ◽  
Electrolyte Disorder ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exacerbation Of Copd

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Though COPD is mainly a chronic disease, many patients experience exacerbations that are related to worst survival outcome, especially with abnormal serum electrolyte level. The objective of this study was to evaluate serum electrolyte levels among the patients with acute exacerbation of COPD. Methods: Structured questionnaire and patients’ charts were used to collect data. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 16.0 and descriptive statistics were used to generate the research findings. Results: The mean age of the patients with Acute exacerbation of COPD was 69.57± 9.765 years. Among 100 patients, (83%) belonged to the age group of 60 years and above, (54%) were male, (74%) were married, (52%) were illiterate and (41%) were engaged in agriculture, (41%) consumed alcohol and (67%) were smokers. Dyspnoea (90%) was the most common symptom. The mean level of sodium and potassium were 133.8±4.830 mEq/L, 3.6±0.533 mmol/L, respectively. Fifty seven percent patients had electrolyte disorder. More than half (51%) had hyponatremia and (40%) had hypokalemia. The average value of pH, PaCO2 and PaO2 are 7.34 ± 0.727, 46.64 ± 9.787 mm Hg and 69.38 ± 9.255 mm Hg respectively. Among them, (18%) were in respiratory failure. Conclusion: This study concluded that hyponatremia and hypokalemia are prevalent electrolyte disorder with AE of COPD patients. Therefore, we recommend routine monitoring of the serum electrolytes for better outcomes of patients.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC CAPABILITIES OF DIGITAL FLUOROGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
N. A. Gorbunov ◽  
A. P. Dergilev ◽  
L. D. Sidorova ◽  
V. I. Kochura
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Forced Expiration ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Digital Chest ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of the study – to examine the capabilities of the method of digital chest fluorography in diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of different stages. By chest digital fluorography 247 patients with clinically diagnosed COPD stage I–III were examined. The average age of the patients was (55.3  1.7) years (16 to 88 years), forced expiration volume for the first second (FEV1) was (59.17  16.28) %. It was shown that for patients with COPD stage I most characteristic radiographic symptom was emphysema of the lung in the upper regions (26 (48%) of 54 patients); the mean values of the inspiratory lung optical density (ILOD) ranged from (703.48  2.15) to (807.47  5.61) optical density units (ODU), the expiratory lung optical density (ELOD) – from (786.05  6.15) to (830.23  4.71) ODU. For patients with COPD stage II the most common radiographic sign was the presence of amplification and deformation pulmonary pattern (95 (89%) of 107 patients); the mean values of ILOD ranged from (646.20  4.94) to (791.38  2.81) ODU, ELOD – from (677.34  9.91) to (813.91  3.29) ODU. Patients with COPD stage III were characterized by a combination of amplification and deformation pulmonary pattern (77 (90%) of 86 patients) with lung emphysema (51 (59%) of 86 patients); the mean values of the inspiratory lung optical density ranged from (765.93  16.4) to (863.37  15.83) ODU, expiratory lung optical density – from (826.80  11.64) to (881.37  4.29) ODU. Thus, we concluded that the method of digital chest fluorography, possessing low dose burden to the patient, can detect the characteristic radiological symptoms and determine the stage of the disease up to the values of the lung optical density in patients with COPD.

scholarly journals Iranian Sub Cohort Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (IrSCCOPD): Need for Longitudinal Observational Studies COPD in Southwest of Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Zeynab Kiani ◽  
Ali Ahmadi ◽  
Akbar Soleymani Babadi ◽  
Hamid Rouhi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Southwestern Iran

Abstract Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and complex respiratory disorder that is associated with the airflow limitation and increased inflammatory response of the lungs to harmful particles and gases. The purpose of this original study was to describe the profile of Shahrekord PERSIAN Cohort Study regarding COPD in southwestern Iran. Methods: This study of asthma and respiratory diseases is a subcohort of the larger cohort study, i.e., Shahrekord PERSIAN cohort, a population-based prospective study on people aged 35-70 years in southwestern Iran (n=10,075). The sample size of the subcohort was 8500 people. Annual follow-ups (person-year) of the cohort were designed to be conducted up to 2036. The instruments to collect data on various exposures were derived from the questionnaires previously developed in extensive multinational studies (occupational exposures, smoking, housing status, and fuel consumption, history of respiratory and chronic diseases, comorbidity, etc.). The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) and the lower limit of normal (NLL) spirometric criteria were used to confirm COPD diagnosis. Results: The response rate was 93.85%. The mean age of the participants was 49.48 ± 9.32; 47.9% were male and 52.9% were female; about 20% were in rural areas and nearly 16% of the population was current smokers; the fuel used by most of the participants for heating the house and cooking was gas. The most common comorbidity among participants was dyslipidemia; 30% of people have three or more comorbidities. According to GOLD and LLN criteria, 3.6% and 8.4% of participants had COPD, respectively. 4.3% of the participants had a history of chronic lung disease. The mean FEV1/ FVC was 92.48 (SD, 7.47), the mean FEF 25-75 was 3.43 (SD, 1.28) L. 47.6% had a history of chronic phlegm; 2.7% of the participants had shortness of breath and wheezingConclusion: Epidemiological research is necessary to create an appropriate framework to fight COPD. This framework requires a better description of men and women at risk of developing COPD and describing people with early-stage illnesses.

scholarly journals Bronchoalveolar pH and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 791-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilija Lozo Vukovac ◽  
Kornelija Miše ◽  
Ivan Gudelj ◽  
Irena Perić ◽  
Darko Duplančić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Acute Exacerbation ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Fluid ◽  
The Mean

Objectives This study aimed to directly measure pH in the lungs, determine lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and glucose levels in serum and bronchoalveolar aspirate, and identify bacterial pathogens from bronchoalveolar fluid during acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods We performed an observational, analytical case–control study from February 2015 to March 2017. We included 84 patients with AECOPD and 42 with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). All participants underwent detailed medical anamnesis, a clinical examination, chest radiography, spirometry, an arterial blood gas test, bronchoscopy, bacterial culture, and serum/bronchiolar aspirate laboratory testing. Results The mean pH of bronchoalveolar fluid was significantly higher in patients with AECOPD than in patients with stable COPD. The mean lung pH value, bronchoalveolar and serum LDH levels, and serum CRP levels in patients with isolated bacteria were higher than those in patients without isolated bacteria in the AECOPD patient group. Lung pH values in patients with AECOPD were significantly correlated with bronchoalveolar LDH and glucose levels. Conclusions AECOPD is associated with local cell and tissue injury in the lungs, especially in the presence of bacterial pathogens, which is accompanied by a low systemic inflammatory response.

scholarly journals Lipid Profile Status of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Hospitalized Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Begum ◽  
MK Begum ◽  
ZH Sarker ◽  
MRK Dewan ◽  
MJH Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum level of total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins, (HDL) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients admitted in National Institute of Disease of Chest and Hospital, Mohakhali, Dhaka during. January 2009 to January 2010. Twenty two patients with COPD and 22 healthy controls were included in this study. Total cholesterol, HDL and TG levels were determined with ILAB 1800 Chemistry Analyzer using ILAB test Reagents. LDL concentration was calculated using the Friedewald Equation. The mean level of TG was 150.04±29.66 mg/dl and 126.14±13.28 in COPD patients and healthy control, respectively. A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (p<0.001). The mean level of TC was 181.83±20.11 mg/dl and 176.28±15.35 mg/dl in COPD patients and healthy control respectively (p<0.001). LDL level mean value was 116.12±14.26 mg/dl and 108.95±10.39 in COPD patients and control respectively (p<0.001). The mean value of HDL showed 38.79±2.4 in COPD patients and 39.014±1.56 in control. A statistically significance was also found between the two groups (p<0.001). Our results showed that the values of TC, TG, LDL were higher than healthy control that is highly significant statistically. On the other hand, the was significantly decreased HDL level compared with controls. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmb.v3i2.13810 Bangladesh J Med Biochem 2010; 3(2): 42-45

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