Determination of the Best Working Conditions for the Recycling of Solar Modules

2021 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-289
Author(s):  
Jiri Vanek ◽  
Petr Maule ◽  
Kristýna Jandová ◽  
Filip Langer
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Thermal Vacuum ◽  
Vacuum Oven ◽  
Pv Module

The work describes experiments conducted on ethylene vinyl acetate layer in samples of photovoltaic module, where it functions as insulation and binder. The degradation was achieved by thermal vacuum oven, in which degradation by heat in common air and nitrogen atmosphere was conducted. The aim of the work was to find the lowest workable temperature and melting conditions for a laminated EVA material and thus to minimize the energy requirements of PV module recycling.

scholarly journals Reflection Losses Analysis from Interspacing between the Cells in a Photovoltaic Module Using Novel Encapsulant Materials and Backsheets

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Shamim ◽  
Muhammad Noman ◽  
Adnan Daud Khan
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Optical Losses ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyolefin

Higher efficiency and output power of a photovoltaic (PV) module can be achieved by minimizing cell-to-module (CTM) power losses. CTM losses are mainly dependent on electrical and optical losses. In this work, reflection losses from interspacing of cells with respect to different encapsulant materials and backsheets are evaluated. Two novel encapsulant materials thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) and polybutadiene ionomer are used, in addition to conventionally used ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). Moreover, the effect of using these encapsulant materials separately with Tedlar and Aluminum foil as backsheets is realized. It has been observed that TPO in combination with Tedlar presents minimum reflection losses compared to other encapsulant materials. The reflection losses calculated experimentally with polybutadiene ionomer were 5.4% less than the conventionally used EVA, whereas, the reflection losses calculated experimentally with TPO were 5.9% less than the conventionally used EVA. The experimental results obtained are also validated through simulations.

Online determination of chemical and physical properties of poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) pellets using a novel method of near-infrared spectroscopy combined with angle transformation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 2435-2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinchun Xie ◽  
Hongfu Yuan ◽  
Chunfeng Song ◽  
Xiangjun Yan ◽  
Hao Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Melt Flow Rate ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Melt flow rate (MFR) and vinyl acetate content (VAC) are the target parameters for quality control of poly(ethylene vinyl acetate) (EVA) pellets in production processes.

scholarly journals Influence of Fragment Size on the Time and Temperature of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Lamination Decomposition in the Photovoltaic Module Recycling Process

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 2857
Author(s):  
Anna Kuczyńska-Łażewska ◽  
Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Fragment Size ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Corporate Social

Photovoltaics is a commercially available and reliable technology with significant potential for long-term growth in nearly all global regions. Several research institutes and companies are working on recycling concepts for thin film modules and modules with crystalline cells. The establishment of recycling and reuse technologies appropriate and applicable to all photovoltaics (PV) modules is a key issue to be addressed as part of corporate social responsibility to safeguard the environment and to implement a fully material-circulated society without any waste. The copolymer ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) layer is a thermoplastic containing cross-linkable ethylene vinyl acetate, which is used to encapsulate the photovoltaic cells. The cells are laminated between films of EVA in a vacuum, under compression, and up to 150·°C. The encapsulant’s primary purpose is to bond or laminate the multiple layers of the module together. In the photovoltaic module recycling process, the second important step (after mechanical dismantling of the frame) is EVA lamination removal. In this study, different parameters of the thermal delamination method used during the recycling process were experimentally tested and compared, and the most ecological and economical one is proposed.

scholarly journals Contact-free Determination of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Crosslinking in PV Modules with Fluorescence Emission

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 348-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Morlier ◽  
Marc Köntges ◽  
Susanne Blankemeyer ◽  
Iris Kunze
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Pv Modules ◽  
Contact Free

Determination of the cross-linking degree of commercial ethylene-vinyl-acetate polymer by luminescence spectroscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Caspar Schlothauer ◽  
Rojonirina Maryline Ralaiarisoa ◽  
Arnaud Morlier ◽  
Marc Köntges ◽  
Beate Röder
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Luminescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
The Cross

Determination of Unknown Parameters of Photovoltaic Module Using Genetic Algorithm

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Abdelqawee ◽  
Ayman Y. Yousef ◽  
Khaled M. Hasaneen ◽  
H. G. Hamed ◽  
Maged N. F. Nashed
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Unknown Parameters ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Mathematical Model

<p> In this paper, the unknown parameters of the photovoltaic (PV) module are determined using Genetic Algorithm (GA) method. This algorithm based on minimizing the absolute difference between the maximum power obtained from module datasheet and the maximum power obtained from the mathematical model of the PV module, at different operating conditions. This method does not need to initial values, so these parameters of the PV module are easily obtained with high accuracy. To validate the proposed method, the results obtained from it are compared with the experimental results obtained from the PV module datasheet for different operating conditions. The results obtained from the proposed model are found to be very close compared to the results given in the datasheet of the PV module.</p>

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