Short-chain fatty acids inhibit cAMP-mediated chloride secretion in rat colon

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (6) ◽  
pp. C1853-C1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Dagher ◽  
R. W. Egnor ◽  
A. Taglietta-Kohlbrecher ◽  
A. N. Charney
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
T84 Cells ◽  
Ussing Chambers ◽  
Cl Secretion ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Butyrate stimulates salt absorption in mammalian colon. We examined whether butyrate also affects Cl- secretion. Mucosal segments of distal colon of male Sprague-Dawley rats and T84 cells were studied in Ussing chambers. In control colon, 1 mM dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (DBcAMP) increased short-circuit current (Isc) and serosal-to-mucosal Cl- flux (JsmCl) by 3.2 +/- 0.8 and 2.9 +/- 0.8 mueq.cm-2.h-1, respectively. Mucosal or serosal 25 mM butyrate prevented DBcAMP-induced increases in Isc and JsmCl. Four and eight millimolar butyrate caused half-maximal inhibition of the increases in JsmCl and Isc, respectively. Butyrate also inhibited basal JsmCl (by 2.0 +/- 0.4 mueq.cm-2.h-1) but not carbachol-mediated Cl- secretion. The relative inhibitory potency at 25 mM of other short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) paralleled their degree of cellular metabolism: butyrate > acetate = propionate > isobutyrate. At 25 mM, all SCFA reduced mucosal intracellular pH (pHi) transiently by 0.1 pH unit. In intact T84 cells, 50 mM butyrate inhibited the DBcAMP-induced rise in Isc by 55%. In T84 cells with nystatin-permeabilized basolateral membranes, butyrate inhibited the increase in Isc by 82%. We conclude that butyrate inhibits basal and cAMP-mediated Cl- secretion by a mechanism independent of pHi, possibly located at the apical membrane.

scholarly journals The impact of short-chain fatty acids on GLP-1 and PYY secretion from the isolated perfused rat colon

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (1) ◽  
pp. G53-G65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Bayer Christiansen ◽  
Maria Buur Nordskov Gabe ◽  
Berit Svendsen ◽  
Lars Ove Dragsted ◽  
Mette Marie Rosenkilde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Receptors ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The colonic epithelium harbors a large number of endocrine cells, but little is known about the endocrine functions of the colon. However, the high density of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1)- and peptide-YY (PYY)-secreting L cells is of great interest because of the potential antidiabetic and antiobesity effects of GLP-1 and PYY. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by local bacterial fermentation are suggested to activate the colonic free fatty acid receptors FFAR2 (GPR43) and FFAR3 (GPR41), stimulating the colonic L cells. We used the isolated perfused rat colon as a model of colonic endocrine secretion and studied the effects of the predominant SCFAs formed: acetate, propionate, and butyrate. We show that luminal and especially vascular infusion of acetate and butyrate significantly increases colonic GLP-1 secretion, and to a minor extent also PYY secretion, but only after enhancement of intracellular cAMP. Propionate neither affected GLP-1 nor PYY secretion whether administered luminally or vascularly. A FFAR2- and FFAR3–specific agonist [( S)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,3-dimethyl- N-(5-phenylthiazol-2-yl)butamide (CFMB)/ AR420626 ] had no effect on colonic GLP-1 output, and a FFAR3 antagonist ( AR399519 ) did not decrease the SCFA-induced GLP-1 response. However, the voltage-gated Ca2+-channel blocker nifedipine, the KATP-channel opener diazoxide, and the ATP synthesis inhibitor 2,4-dinitrophenol completely abolished the responses. FFAR2 receptor studies confirmed low-potent partial agonism of acetate, propionate, and butyrate, compared with CFMB, which is a full agonist with ~750-fold higher potency than the SCFAs. In conclusion, SCFAs may increase colonic GLP-1/PYY secretion, but FFAR2/FFAR3 do not seem to be involved. Rather, SCFAs are metabolized and appear to function as a colonocyte energy source.NEW & NOTEWORTHY By the use of in situ isolated perfused rat colon we show that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) primarily are used as a colonocyte energy source in the rat, subsequently triggering glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion independent of the free fatty acid receptors FFAR2 and FFAR3. Opposite many previous studies on SCFAs and FFAR2/FFAR3 and GLP-1 secretion, this experimental model allows investigation of the physiological interactions between luminal nutrients and secretion from cells whose function depend critically on their blood supply as well as nerve and paracrine interactions.

Effect of short-chain fatty acids on contractile activity and fluid flow in rat colon in vitro

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (5) ◽  
pp. G813-G817 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Squires ◽  
R. D. Rumsey ◽  
C. A. Edwards ◽  
N. W. Read
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contractility ◽  
Isolated Segment ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The effect of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on the contractile activity and fluid output of the large bowel of the rat was studied using an isolated segment of cecum and colon, mounted in vitro. The rate of contractile activity per minute in the proximal, mid, and distal regions of the colon was depressed by luminal infusion of associated SCFAs either as a mixture (acetic, propionic, and butyric) or individually (100 mM/pH = 4.1, in each case). Dose responses were observed for the individual fatty acids, with the 100 mM solutions eliciting a more prominent reduction in colonic motor activity than that induced by 10 mM. Neither the Na salt of the fatty acids nor an acidified Krebs solution (pH = 4.1) inhibited contractile activity or fluid output. No reduction in the rate of contractile activity was observed in the cecum with any test solutions, except 100 mM butyric acid. The data suggest that SCFAs inhibit smooth muscle contractility and resultant fluid transit.

Modulation of secretagogue-induced chloride secretion by intracellular bicarbonate

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (5) ◽  
pp. G929-G934 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Dagher ◽  
T. Z. Morton ◽  
C. S. Joo ◽  
A. Taglietta-Kohlbrecher ◽  
R. W. Egnor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Ussing Chamber ◽  
Tumor Cell Line ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
T84 Cells ◽  
Cl Secretion ◽  
Rat Distal Colon

We have previously demonstrated inhibition of basal Cl- secretion by intracellular bicarbonate concentration ([HCO3-]i) in rat distal colon. We now examined whether secretagogue-induced Cl- secretion is inhibited by [HCO3-]i as well. Stripped segments of distal colon from male Sprague-Dawley rats and the colon tumor cell line T84 were studied. Flux measurements were performed in the Ussing chamber under short-circuit conditions. [HCO3-]i was calculated from intracellular pH (pHi) values that were estimated with the pH-sensitive dye 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)-carboxyfluorescein. Dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and carbachol were used as secretagogues. In both distal colon and T84 cells, [HCO3-]i did not affect cAMP-induced Cl- secretion. However, carbachol-induced secretion was inhibited by [HCO3-]i; in rat colon, Cl- secretion decreased from 2.3 to 1.5 mueq.cm-2.h-1 when [HCO3-]i was increased from 15.0 to 28.4 mM (P < 0.05). In T84 cells, the change in short-circuit current decreased from 8.1 to 1.1 microA/cm2 over a range of [HCO3-]i from 0 to 15.6 mM (P < 0.001). We conclude that [HCO3-]i is an important modulator of carbachol-stimulated Cl- secretion in both rat distal colon and the T84 cell line. cAMP-mediated secretion is not affected by [HCO3-]i.

Short chain fatty acids but not lactate or succinate stimulate mucus release in the rat colon

2000 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Shimotoyodome ◽  
Shinichi Meguro ◽  
Tadashi Hase ◽  
Ichiro Tokimitsu ◽  
Takashi Sakata
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Combined Buckwheat d-Fagomine and Fish Omega-3 PUFAs Stabilize the Populations of Gut Prevotella and Bacteroides While Reducing Weight Gain in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercè Hereu ◽  
Sara Ramos-Romero ◽  
Roser Marín-Valls ◽  
Susana Amézqueta ◽  
Bernat Miralles-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Some functional food components may help maintain homeostasis by promoting balanced gut microbiota. Here, we explore the possible complementary effects of d-fagomine and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid (EPA/DHA 1:1) on putatively beneficial gut bacterial strains. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were supplemented with d-fagomine, ω-3 PUFAs, or both, for 23 weeks. Bacterial subgroups were evaluated in fecal DNA by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and short-chain fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography. We found that the populations of the genus Prevotella remained stable over time in animals supplemented with d-fagomine, independently of ω-3 PUFA supplementation. Animals in these groups gained less weight than controls and rats given only ω-3 PUFAs. d-Fagomine supplementation together with ω-3 PUFAs maintained the relative populations of Bacteroides. ω-3 PUFAs alone or combined with d-fagomine reduced the amount of acetic acid and total short-chain fatty acids in feces. The plasma levels of pro-inflammatory arachidonic acid derived metabolites, triglycerides and cholesterol were lower in both groups supplemented with ω-3 PUFAs. The d-fagomine and ω-3 PUFAs combination provided the functional benefits of each supplement. Notably, it helped stabilize populations of Prevotella in the rat intestinal tract while reducing weight gain and providing the anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular benefits of ω-3 PUFAs.

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