Absence of synchrony between human small intestinal migrating motor complex and rectal motor complex

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (1) ◽  
pp. G171-G172 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kumar ◽  
P. D. Thompson ◽  
D. L. Wingate
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Migrating Motor Complex ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Motor Complex ◽  
Small Intestinal

Both the human small intestine and rectum exhibit motor activity in which relatively brief bursts of powerful regular contractions recur with a similar periodicity. We used prolonged ambulant manometry to test the hypothesis that these activities are synchronous. Pressure activity from the duodenojejunum and the rectum was recorded continuously for 24 h in eight freely ambulant healthy adults. A total of 61 migrating motor complexes and 61 rectal motor complexes occurred in the group; the median periodicities of the two rhythms differed significantly (P = 0.025). There was no evidence of synchrony between the two biorhythms. We conclude that they are independent oscillations.

Induction of phase 3 of the migrating motor complex in human small intestine by trimebutine

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 615-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chaussade ◽  
S. Grandjouan ◽  
D. Couturier ◽  
D. Thierman-Duffaud ◽  
J. F. Henry
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Migrating Motor Complex ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Motor Complex

Concentration-Dependent Stimulation of Intestinal Phase III of Migrating Motor Complex by Circulating Serotonin in Humans

1998 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Lördal ◽  
Håkan Wallén ◽  
Paul Hjemdahl ◽  
Olof Beck ◽  
Per M. Hellström
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Motility ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Migrating Motor Complex ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Motility Index ◽  
Motor Complex ◽  
Small Intestinal Motility ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
Small Intestinal

1. The influence of circulating 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) on small intestinal motility was investigated in healthy volunteers. 2. Small intestinal motility was studied by means of a constantly perfused multi-channel manometry tube, connected to a computer system. 3. Intravenous infusions of either 5-hydroxytryptamine at increasing doses or saline were given over a period of 4 h. 4. 5-Hydroxytryptamine infusion dose-dependently increased plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine from approximately 2 to 10 and 25 nmol/l respectively, as well as urinary excretions of 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid, a major 5-hydroxytryptamine metabolite. 5. The number of phase III of the migrating motor complex originating in the small intestine was dose-dependently increased by 5-hydroxytryptamine, and found to correlate to the plasma concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine. The fraction of phase III also increased at the expense of phase II activity. In addition, 5-hydroxytryptamine increased the motility index, propagation velocity of phase III activity and the amplitude of contractions during phase III. 6. Whereas the low dose of 5-hydroxytryptamine (15 nmol · min−1 · kg−1) had no haemodynamic effects, an increase in heart rate by approximately 20 beats/min, without change in blood pressure, was observed at the higher dose (60 nmol · min−1 · kg−1). Respiratory parameters did not change during infusion of 5-hydroxytryptamine at either dose. 7. In conclusion, elevation of circulating 5-hydroxytryptamine by intravenous infusion results in more frequent and faster propagating migrating motor complexes in the human small intestine during the interdigestive period.

Nitric oxide regulates migrating motor complex cycling and its postprandial disruption

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (4) ◽  
pp. G759-G766 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Sarna ◽  
M. F. Otterson ◽  
R. P. Ryan ◽  
V. E. Cowles
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Motor Activity ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Migrating Motor Complex ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Motor Complex ◽  
Gastrointestinal Motor

We investigated the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of migrating motor complex (MMC) cycling during the fasting state and its postprandial disruption. Intravenous infusion of Nohgr-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) first produced a premature MMC and then disrupted MMC cycling for the rest of the day. The cycle length of the MMCs was significantly shorter than the control on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th day after l-NAME infusion. The gastric cyclic motor activity (CMA) did not usually exhibit a premature cycle on the day of l-NAME infusion but was disrupted by l-NAME infusion; the duration of CMA disruption in the stomach was significantly longer than that of MMC disruption in the small intestine. Infusion of Nohgr-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA) exhibited similar effects. The intravenous infusion of l-NAME also significantly shortened the duration of MMC disruption by a meal. l-Arginine alone had no significant effect on gastrointestinal motor activity during the fasting or the fed state, but when infused with l-NAME, it blocked the effects of NO synthase inhibition. Angiotensin II increased the mean arterial pressure to a level similar to that produced by l-NAME but had no significant effect on the fasting or the fed pattern of gastrointestinal motor activity. We conclude that NO containing nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) neurons play a significant role in regulating MMC and CMA cycling during the fasting state and their disruption by a meal. However, NO may not be the only NANC neurotransmitter to inhibit contractions in the gut; phase I activity in the small intestine persisted during NO synthase inhibition by l-NAME or l-NNA. nonadrenergic noncholinergic neurons; cyclic motor activity: Nohgr-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester; Nohgr-nitro-l-arginine; vasoactive intestinal peptide; cholecystokinin Submitted on November 30, 1992 Accepted on June 3, 1993

scholarly journals A breakdown in communication? Understanding the effects of aging on the human small intestine epithelium

2015 ◽  
Vol 129 (7) ◽  
pp. 529-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil A. Mabbott
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
Insight Into

A new study by Man and colleagues provides further insight into the effects of aging on small intestinal barrier function in humans. Here, their findings are briefly summarised and the wider implications discussed.

Mechanism of propagation of canine migrating motor complex--a reappraisal

1981 ◽  
Vol 240 (2) ◽  
pp. G141-G146
Author(s):  
H. S. Ormsbee ◽  
G. L. Telford ◽  
C. M. Suter ◽  
P. D. Wilson ◽  
G. R. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Migrating Motor Complex ◽  
Propagation Time ◽  
Proximal Jejunum ◽  
Tolerance Limits ◽  
Distal Intestine ◽  
Motor Complex ◽  
Force Transducers ◽  
Intrinsic Innervation ◽  
Proximal Intestine

This study quantitatively evaluated the characteristics of the aboral propagation of the canine migrating motor complex (MMC). Five conscious dogs were implanted with extraluminal force transducers along the small intestine. After constructing a 30-cm Thirty-Vella loop of jejunum, 56 of 91 activity fronts were outside the tolerance limits for propagation from the proximal intestine to the loop established in the same dogs before operation. Similarly, 44 of 109 activity fronts were outside the tolerance limits for propagation from the loop to the distal intestine. After surgery, the propagation time from the proximal jejunum to the loop was significantly increased, and activity fronts were observed to originate in the loop and in the intestine distal to the anastomosis. Our study indicates that the hypothesis that extrinsic nerves alone control the migration of the MMC is incomplete. We suggest that the extrinsic and the intrinsic innervation of the gastrointestinal tract are both required for the precise pattern of the migration of the MMC.

Motor patterns of small intestine determined by closely spaced extraluminal transducers and videofluoroscopy

1987 ◽  
Vol 253 (3) ◽  
pp. G259-G267 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Ehrlein ◽  
M. Schemann ◽  
M. L. Siegle
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Retrograde Transport ◽  
Migrating Motor Complex ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Motor Patterns ◽  
Motor Complex ◽  
Enterogastric Reflux ◽  
Propagating Contractions ◽  
Propagation Velocities

In the canine small intestine several simple (S) and complex (C) patterns of propulsive and nonpropulsive activities were found. The nonpropulsive activity consisted of 1) stationary individual contractions (S) and 2) stationary clusters of contractions (C). Patterns leading to aboral propulsion of luminal contents were 1) propagating contractions (S), 2) propagating power contractions (S), 3) phase III of the migrating motor complex (C), and 4) migrating clusters of contractions (C). The propagation velocities of the propulsive motor patterns differed markedly; they increased in the following order: phase III, migrating clustered contractions, propagating power contractions, propagating contractions. A retrograde transport of luminal contents was produced by two different activities: 1) retrograde propagating contractions (S) and 2) retrograde power contractions (S). They were accompanied with enterogastric reflux.

A method for examining differential mRNA expression along the crypt–villus axis of the human small intestine

1998 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177
Author(s):  
Eddy CHUA ◽  
Qiong WANG ◽  
Paul O'TOOLE ◽  
Martin LOMBARD
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Human Small Intestine ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Different Cell Types

1.The aim of this study was to devise a method of segregating crypt and villus cell subpopulations from endoscopic human small intestinal biopsies which might be used to examine changes associated with functional differentiation at the molecular level. 2.Routine endoscopic biopsies from the human small intestine were subjected to a modified protocol of mechanical disruption and chelation to yield subpopulations of different cell types. The purity and character of the cell populations isolated was assessed by measuring enzyme activity and thymidine incorporation and by histology. A guanidinium isothiocyanate method was adapted for small samples to extract RNA from the isolated subpopulations, and probes for RNA with a known predilection for crypt and villus cells were used to further investigate the application and usefulness of the technique. 3.Sequential histological examination during the segregation protocol demonstrated that different cell types were removed serially from the biopsy samples. Cell-type enrichment of the segregated subpopulations was demonstrated by differential alkaline phosphatase activity and by differences in thymidine incorporation in the samples isolated. Sufficient quantities of RNA could be extracted from the segregated subpopulations for Northern blot analysis and the differential expression of mRNA for sucrase-isomaltase and transferrin receptor was demonstrated in the villus and crypt subpopulations respectively. 4.Messenger RNA can be successfully extracted from different cell types segregated from routine human endoscopic small intestinal biopsies. This technique should prove useful for investigating the mechanisms regulating the functional differentiation of epithelial cells in the small intestine and the regulatory mechanisms governing absorption of macromolecules.

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