Relationship of arterial compliance to baroreflex function in hypertensive patients

The objectives of this study were to determine whether carotid arterial compliance is reduced in patients with hypertension and to assess whether reduced arterial compliance is related to abnormal arterial baroreflex function. Accordingly, concurrent measurements of carotid arterial diameter (via computerized high resolution B-mode ultrasonography) and blood pressure were made to determine carotid arterial compliance in 23 normotensive and 16 age-matched hypertensive patients. In addition, arterial baroreflex function was assessed in 12 of the normal subjects and nine of the hypertensive patients by measuring the infusions of nitroprusside and phenylephrine. Compared with the normotensive subjects, the patients with hypertension had reduced compliance (5.9 +/- 0.7 vs. 16.6 +/- 1.8 10(-7) m2/kPa, mean +/- SE, P < 0.001). The baroreflex slope relating the change in R-R interval to the change in systolic blood pressure during the drug infusions was less in the hypertensive than normotensive subjects (12.3 +/- 2 vs. 18.9 +/- 2 ms/mmHg, P < 0.05). Consequently, when both normotensive and hypertensive subjects were considered, there was a significant correlation between the baroreflex slope and compliance (r = 0.53, P < 0.05). However, there was no correlation between the baroreflex slope and compliance within either the normotensive group (r = 0.04, P = NS) or the hypertensive group (r = 0.43, P = NS) when analyzed separately. There was a significant correlation between age and compliance (r = -0.48, P < 0.01) but not between age and baroreflex function.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Intralymphocytic Sodium in Hypertensive Patients: A Significant Correlation

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs057325s ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 57 (s5) ◽

pp. 325s-327s ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

E. Ambrosioni ◽

F. Tartagni ◽

L. Montebugnoli ◽

B. Magnani

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Sodium Concentration ◽

The Other ◽

Mean Blood Pressure ◽

Normal Blood ◽

Normal Blood Pressure ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Normotensive Subjects

1. Intralymphocytic sodium concentration was measured in 50 patients with essential stable hypertension, 44 patients with labile hypertension and 40 subjects with normal blood pressure. 2. Intralymphocytic sodium concentration in normotensive subjects was significantly lower than in the other two groups. 3. The concentration was significantly correlated with mean blood pressure in the group as a whole and in the groups with stable and with labile hypertension. No correlation was found in normal subjects.

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Biochemical Correlates of the Increase in Blood Pressure with Age

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs055377s ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 55 (s4) ◽

pp. 377s-379s ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. E. Grim ◽

M. H. Weinberger ◽

D. P. Henry ◽

F. C. Luft ◽

N. S. Fineberg

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Plasma Renin Activity ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Plasma Renin ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Renin Activity ◽

Multiple Correlation Analysis ◽

Normotensive Subjects ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

1. Blood pressure, plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, urinary noradrenaline during sleep (UNA-S) and several estimates of sodium intake were determined in 379 normotensive subjects (age 13–70) to investigate the relationship of these variables to blood pressure. 2. Blood pressure was correlated with age, weight, plasma renin activity UNA-S, and estimates of sodium intake. These variables were frequently intercorrelated. 3. Multiple-correlation analysis revealed that after removal of the effects of age, blood pressure was related to weight, plasma renin activity, UNA-S and estimates of sodium intake. 4. However, multiple-regression analysis failed to demonstrate an effect of plasma renin activity, UNA-S, or estimates of sodium intake on blood pressure when the effects of age, weight, race and sex were removed. 5. Careful matching of subjects by age, weight, race and sex in studies of blood pressure and biochemical factors in normal subjects is crucial to proper interpretation of such data.

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An evaluation of large arteries compliance in man

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1979.237.5.h550 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 237 (5) ◽

pp. H550-H554 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

A. C. Simon ◽

M. E. Safar ◽

J. A. Levenson ◽

G. M. London ◽

B. I. Levy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Vascular System ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Arterial Compliance ◽

Peripheral Resistance ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

K Value ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Large Arteries ◽

The Relationship

Cardiac output, blood pressure, and the characteristics of diastolic pressure decay were studied in 12 normal subjects and 23 sustained hypertensive patients of the same age. In normal subjects and in hypertensives, analysis of the diastolic decay showed that i) the form of the decay approximated a simple monoexponential curve during the last two-thirds of the diastolic segment, and ii) the time constant (t) of the curve was positively correlated with the total peripheral resistance (TPR), with an intercept of nearly zero. The validity of the relationship t = K x TPR was demonstrated both in groups of patients and also in individuals. Using a simple model for the vascular system, the K value was identified as the large arteries compliance and could thus be calculated in each individual. The values of arterial compliance was 1.26 +/- 0.04 ml.mmHg-1.m-2 in normal subjects and was significantly reduced in hypertensive patients (0.88 +/- 0.02 ml.mmHg=1.m-2,. P less than 0.001).

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Sympathetic Responsiveness to Head-Up Tilt in Essential Hypertension

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0440213 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 213-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

M. D. Esler ◽

P. J. Nestel

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Creatinine Clearance ◽

Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Head Up Tilt ◽

Normotensive Subjects ◽

The Mean ◽

Urinary Noradrenaline

1. The effect of 25° head-up tilt on blood pressure, urinary catecholamines, and creatinine clearance has been studied in untreated essential hypertensive patients and normotensive subjects. 2. The mean rise in diastolic pressure for all subjects with hypertension was 4.9 mmHg which did not differ significantly from the mean rise of 5.4 mmHg in the normal subjects. Ten of forty-one hypertensives had a diastolic pressure response greater than the response in any of eleven normal subjects, with a rise of greater than 10 mmHg. 3. The increase in urinary noradrenaline excretion with tilt was greater in these orthostatic hypertensive patients (1.74 μg/h) than in either the remaining hypertensive (0.34 μg/h) or the normotensive subjects (0.56 μg/h). Overall there was a significant correlation between changes in diastolic blood pressure and urinary noradrenaline. 4. Creatinine clearance was reduced by tilting. The mean reduction was similar for normally reacting hypertensive and normotensive subjects (6.0% and 7.2% respectively). The ten orthostatic hypertensive patients, however, had a greater reduction in creatinine clearance (23.4%), and in the hypertensive group as a whole changes in diastolic blood pressure and creatinine clearance were negatively correlated. 5. Those patients with excessive response to tilt tended to be young, not obese, and with recent onset of hypertension when documentation of this was adequate.

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Effect of unilateral resistance training on arterial compliance in elderly men

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/h07-048 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 670-676 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Fleur Poelkens ◽

Mark Rakobowchuk ◽

Kirsten A. Burgomaster ◽

Maria T.E. Hopman ◽

Stuart M. Phillips ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Arterial Compliance ◽

Stiffness Index ◽

Elderly Men ◽

Arterial Diameter ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

The Impact ◽

Peak Blood

An increase in age coincides with a decrease in arterial compliance, which is related to a higher risk for cardiovascular accidents. Evidence regarding the effects of resistance training on arterial compliance is conflicting. Currently, little information is available about the effect of resistance training on arterial compliance in elderly men. We assessed the impact of 10 weeks of unilateral arm and leg resistance training on carotid, brachial, and femoral arterial compliance in 12 healthy elderly men (mean age ± SD, 71 ± 7 y). Arterial compliance was evaluated before, after 4 weeks, and after 10 weeks of unilateral resistance training by simultaneously measuring arterial diameter and blood pressure in each artery. There were no significant differences in arterial compliance or stiffness index in any of the arteries examined after 10 weeks of training. However, after 10 weeks of resistance training, resting heart rate decreased from 76 ± 4 beats/min to 61 ± 3 beats/min (p < 0.05), plasma glucose decreased from 6.0 ± 0.9 to 5.1 ± 0.9 mmol/L (mean ± SE) (p < 0.05), and carotid artery peak blood flow increased from 1831 mL/min to 2245 mL/min (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in resting arterial blood pressure. Unilateral resistance training for 10 weeks does not alter peripheral and central arterial compliance elderly men.

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Relationship of Arterial Compliance and Blood Pressure with Microalbuminuria and Mildly Decreased Glomerular Filtration Rate: A Chinese Community-Based Analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0101013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. e101013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shihui Fu ◽

Yuqing Sun ◽

Leiming Luo ◽

Ping Ye

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Glomerular Filtration ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Arterial Compliance ◽

Chinese Community ◽

Community Based ◽

Relationship Of

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Relationship of Ambulatory Blood Pressure and the Heart Rate Profile with Renal Function Parameters in Hypertensive Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension ◽

10.3109/10641963.2012.681082 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 264-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Tomohiko Kanaoka ◽

Kouichi Tamura ◽

Masato Ohsawa ◽

Mai Yanagi ◽

Sona Haku ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Renal Function ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Rate Profile ◽

Relationship Of

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Thyroid status influences baroreflex function and autonomic contributions to arterial pressure and heart rate

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.5.h2061 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 280 (5) ◽

pp. H2061-H2068 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

C. Michael Foley ◽

Richard M. McAllister ◽

Eileen M. Hasser

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Logistic Function ◽

Arterial Baroreflex ◽

Thyroid Status ◽

Baroreflex Control ◽

Baroreflex Function ◽

Resting Blood Pressure ◽

Sympathetic Influence

The effect of thyroid status on arterial baroreflex function and autonomic contributions to resting blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were evaluated in conscious rats. Rats were rendered hyperthyroid (Hyper) or hypothyroid (Hypo) with triiodothyronine and propylthiouracil treatments, respectively. Euthyroid (Eut), Hyper, and Hypo rats were chronically instrumented to measure mean arterial pressure (MAP), HR, and lumbar sympathetic nerve activity (LSNA). Baroreflex function was evaluated with the use of a logistic function that relates LSNA or HR to MAP during infusion of phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside. Contributions of the autonomic nervous system to resting MAP and HR were assessed by blocking autonomic outflow with trimethaphan. In Hypo rats, the arterial baroreflex curve for both LSNA and HR was shifted downward. Hypo animals exhibited blunted sympathoexcitatory and tachycardic responses to decreases in MAP. Furthermore, the data suggest that in Hypo rats, the sympathetic influence on HR was predominant and the autonomic contribution to resting MAP was greater than in Eut rats. In Hyper rats, arterial baroreflex function generally was similar to that in Eut rats. The autonomic contribution to resting MAP was not different between Hyper and Eut rats, but predominant parasympathetic influence on HR was exhibited in Hyper rats. The results demonstrate baroreflex control of LSNA and HR is attenuated in Hypo but not Hyper rats. Thyroid status alters the balance of sympathetic to parasympathetic tone in the heart, and the Hypo state increases the autonomic contributions to resting blood pressure.

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