Sympathetic Responsiveness to Head-Up Tilt in Essential Hypertension

1973 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Esler ◽  
P. J. Nestel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Head Up Tilt ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Urinary Noradrenaline

1. The effect of 25° head-up tilt on blood pressure, urinary catecholamines, and creatinine clearance has been studied in untreated essential hypertensive patients and normotensive subjects. 2. The mean rise in diastolic pressure for all subjects with hypertension was 4.9 mmHg which did not differ significantly from the mean rise of 5.4 mmHg in the normal subjects. Ten of forty-one hypertensives had a diastolic pressure response greater than the response in any of eleven normal subjects, with a rise of greater than 10 mmHg. 3. The increase in urinary noradrenaline excretion with tilt was greater in these orthostatic hypertensive patients (1.74 μg/h) than in either the remaining hypertensive (0.34 μg/h) or the normotensive subjects (0.56 μg/h). Overall there was a significant correlation between changes in diastolic blood pressure and urinary noradrenaline. 4. Creatinine clearance was reduced by tilting. The mean reduction was similar for normally reacting hypertensive and normotensive subjects (6.0% and 7.2% respectively). The ten orthostatic hypertensive patients, however, had a greater reduction in creatinine clearance (23.4%), and in the hypertensive group as a whole changes in diastolic blood pressure and creatinine clearance were negatively correlated. 5. Those patients with excessive response to tilt tended to be young, not obese, and with recent onset of hypertension when documentation of this was adequate.

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Multiple Myeloma Patients Treated with VAD Protocol.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 5124-5124
Author(s):  
Angelika Pyszel ◽  
Monika Biedron ◽  
Rafal Poreba ◽  
Tomasz Wrobel ◽  
Grzegorz Mazur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids are still a cornerstone in multiple myeloma (MM) therapy, both as a single agent and as a part of many protocols, including VAD regimen (vincristine, adriblastine, dexamethasone). Corticosteroids are known to be involved in blood pressure (BP) regulation and to affect this parameter. The impact of dexamethasone (Dex) administration on BP in MM patients during VAD protocol treatment is poorly documented. AIM: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the blood pressure changes during Dex administration in patients treated with VAD protocol due to MM. METHODS: Thirteen patients with MM (7 men and 6 women; mean age 62,45 ± 8,14) were assessed. Primary hypertensive patients (7 persons) were not excluded. They were administered Dex in standard dose of 40 mg (day 1–4, 9–12, 17–21) according to VAD protocol. Blood pressure was assessed by the use of commercially available instruments of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM). The BP recordings lasted 48 hours, were started on the day before the first day of VAD and were obtained every 10 minutes during mornings, every 15 minutes during the rest of days and every 20 minutes during nights. Average of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) were estimated for the 2-hour time before Dex and for the 14-hour time in the 2-hour periods after Dex. Minimal and maximal range of SBP/DBP increase and the mean amount of SBP/DBP increase were also determined. RESULTS: 48-hour BP recordings revealed a significant increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after Dex administration in all patients. SBP and DBP began to increase after 3 hours after Dex, then rose continually and reached the peak in the period from 6 to 10 hour after Dex. In comparison to 2-hour period before Dex, in which SBP/DBP amounted 139,63/82,92 ± 23,47/9,38 mmHg, the mean SBP/DBP increase rate was: in the 2–4 hour period after Dex - 146,68/88,15 ± 24,38/10,51 mmHg (p<0,05), in the 6–8 – 148,07/92,66 ± 14,07/9,04 mmHg (ns), in the 8–10 – 147,8/87,99 ± 14,07/9,04 mmHg (p<0,01), in the 10–12 – 143,44/86,12 ± 17,22/9,77 mmHg (p<0,05) and in the 12–14 – 144,47/88,59 ± 17,04/12,54 mmHg (p<0,01). The minimal range of SBP/DBP increase was 10,50/−2,00 mmHg, maximal range of SBP/DBP increase was 35,43/40,00 mmHg and the mean amount of SBP/DBP increase was 20,06/11,6 ± 8,36/14,23 mmHg. CONCLUSION: Our preliminary study revealed that Dex administration causes an increase in BP in all patients. The mean increase in BP amounted 20,06/11,6 ± 8,36/14,23 mmHg and was similar in all patients, regardless their initial value of BP. So our study demonstrates the need of individualized hypertension treatment with strict control of BP in hypertensive patients when corticosteroid therapy is indicated.

scholarly journals Genetic Variants of C-5312TRENIncreased Renin Levels and Diastolic Blood Pressure Response to Angiotensin Receptor Blockers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saifur Rohman ◽  
Ika Arum Dewi Satiti ◽  
Nashi Widodo ◽  
Mifetika Lukitasari ◽  
Hidayat Sujuti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Renin Level ◽  
Receptor Blockers

Renin catalyzes the cleavage of angiotensinogen into angiotensin I. Genetic variant C-5312T of renin enhancer has been reported to increase in vitro renin gene transcription. However, no obvious in vivo study was performed to see the renin level in C-5312T when treated with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the serum renin level and blood pressure response in ARB treated hypertensive patients. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of C-5312T was identified in 55 hypertensive patients by using multiplex PCR and renin serum level was assayed by ELISA. The data showed that the increase of serum renin levels after 5 months of ARB treatment was significantly higher in patients with CT/TT genotype (10 pg/mL) than those with CC genotype (4.08 pg/mL) (P= 0.025). Hypertensive patients with CT/TT genotypes also showed less diastolic pressure reduction than CC genotypes in hypertensive patients with valsartan treatment (P= 0.04) or telmisartan treatment (P= 0.03). Finally, these findings suggested that SNP of C-5312TRENenhancer might contribute to higher increased renin serum levels and less diastolic blood pressure response to ARB treatment.

THE BRACHIAL TO DIGITAL BLOOD PRESSURE GRADIENT IN NORMAL SUBJECTS AND IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 889-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gaskell ◽  
A. M. Krisman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Systolic Pressure Gradient

The brachial and digital blood pressures were estimated by auscultatory techniques in 10 patients with essential hypertension and in a group of 6 subjects with normal blood pressure who were in a state of regulated peripheral vasoconstriction and again when they were in a state of regulated vasodilatation. The brachial to digital systolic and diastolic pressure gradients in both control subjects and hypertensive patients were greater when the individuals were heated than when they were cooled. The brachial to digital diastolic pressure gradient in the hypertensive patients was not significantly different from that in the subjects with normal blood pressure. However, the systolic pressure gradient was greater in the hypertensive patients than in the control group both when the individuals were heated and when they were cooled.

Intralymphocytic Sodium in Hypertensive Patients: A Significant Correlation

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (s5) ◽  
pp. 325s-327s ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ambrosioni ◽  
F. Tartagni ◽  
L. Montebugnoli ◽  
B. Magnani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. Intralymphocytic sodium concentration was measured in 50 patients with essential stable hypertension, 44 patients with labile hypertension and 40 subjects with normal blood pressure. 2. Intralymphocytic sodium concentration in normotensive subjects was significantly lower than in the other two groups. 3. The concentration was significantly correlated with mean blood pressure in the group as a whole and in the groups with stable and with labile hypertension. No correlation was found in normal subjects.

Relationship of arterial compliance to baroreflex function in hypertensive patients

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (1) ◽  
pp. H232-H237 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Lage ◽  
J. F. Polak ◽  
D. H. O'Leary ◽  
M. A. Creager
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex ◽  
Arterial Diameter ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Baroreflex Function ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Carotid Arterial

The objectives of this study were to determine whether carotid arterial compliance is reduced in patients with hypertension and to assess whether reduced arterial compliance is related to abnormal arterial baroreflex function. Accordingly, concurrent measurements of carotid arterial diameter (via computerized high resolution B-mode ultrasonography) and blood pressure were made to determine carotid arterial compliance in 23 normotensive and 16 age-matched hypertensive patients. In addition, arterial baroreflex function was assessed in 12 of the normal subjects and nine of the hypertensive patients by measuring the infusions of nitroprusside and phenylephrine. Compared with the normotensive subjects, the patients with hypertension had reduced compliance (5.9 +/- 0.7 vs. 16.6 +/- 1.8 10(-7) m2/kPa, mean +/- SE, P < 0.001). The baroreflex slope relating the change in R-R interval to the change in systolic blood pressure during the drug infusions was less in the hypertensive than normotensive subjects (12.3 +/- 2 vs. 18.9 +/- 2 ms/mmHg, P < 0.05). Consequently, when both normotensive and hypertensive subjects were considered, there was a significant correlation between the baroreflex slope and compliance (r = 0.53, P < 0.05). However, there was no correlation between the baroreflex slope and compliance within either the normotensive group (r = 0.04, P = NS) or the hypertensive group (r = 0.43, P = NS) when analyzed separately. There was a significant correlation between age and compliance (r = -0.48, P < 0.01) but not between age and baroreflex function.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

An Increase in a Circulating Inhibitor of Na+,K+-Dependent ATPase: A Possible Link between Salt Intake and the Development of Essential Hypertension

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 17s-20s ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. MacGregor ◽  
S. Fenton ◽  
J. Alaghband-Zadeh ◽  
N. D. Markandu ◽  
J. E. Roulston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Sodium Transport ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Dependent Atpase ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. The plasma's ability to stimulate guinea-pig renal glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in vitro was measured by a cytochemical technique in 23 normotensive subjects and 19 patients with hypertension, all of whom were studied on their normal sodium intake. The ability of plasma to stimulate renal G6PD was significantly (P &lt; 0.001) increased in the hypertensive patients (mean 195 ± 52 units/ml) compared with the normotensive subjects (mean 22.2 ± 5.8 units/ml). In all 42 individuals, there was a significant correlation between diastolic pressure and the ability of plasma to stimulate G6PD (r = 0.69 P &lt; 0.001). 2. The ability of plasma to stimulate G6PD was greatest in the hypertensive patients with values of plasma renin activity below the normal range. In the normotensive subjects the ability of plasma to stimulate G6PD was significantly greater in the older subjects. 3. As the ability of plasma to stimulate G6PD reflects its ability to inhibit Na+,K+-dependent ATPase, these results suggest that patients with essential hypertension have an increase in a circulating inhibitor of Na+,K+-ATPase. The results support the hypothesis that a rise in a circulating sodium transport inhibitor may, in part, be responsible for the rise in blood pressure in essential hypertension, and may form the link between salt intake, abnormalities of sodium transport and a rise in blood pressure.

An evaluation of large arteries compliance in man

1979 ◽  
Vol 237 (5) ◽  
pp. H550-H554 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Simon ◽  
M. E. Safar ◽  
J. A. Levenson ◽  
G. M. London ◽  
B. I. Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
K Value ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Large Arteries ◽  
The Relationship

Cardiac output, blood pressure, and the characteristics of diastolic pressure decay were studied in 12 normal subjects and 23 sustained hypertensive patients of the same age. In normal subjects and in hypertensives, analysis of the diastolic decay showed that i) the form of the decay approximated a simple monoexponential curve during the last two-thirds of the diastolic segment, and ii) the time constant (t) of the curve was positively correlated with the total peripheral resistance (TPR), with an intercept of nearly zero. The validity of the relationship t = K x TPR was demonstrated both in groups of patients and also in individuals. Using a simple model for the vascular system, the K value was identified as the large arteries compliance and could thus be calculated in each individual. The values of arterial compliance was 1.26 +/- 0.04 ml.mmHg-1.m-2 in normal subjects and was significantly reduced in hypertensive patients (0.88 +/- 0.02 ml.mmHg=1.m-2,. P less than 0.001).

scholarly journals The Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation Test in White Coat Hypertension

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 3672-3675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isao Tabeta ◽  
Hajime Ueshiba ◽  
Takamasa Ichijo ◽  
Naoki Hiroi ◽  
Fumiatu Yakushiji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
White Coat ◽  
White Coat Hypertension ◽  
The Status ◽  
Stimulation Tests ◽  
The Mean

This study was undertaken to clarify the status of the ACTH and cortisol responses to CRH in patients with white coat hypertension. White coat hypertension was defined as a difference between clinic blood pressure and ambulatory blood pressure of at least 20 mm Hg for systolic blood pressure and/or 10 mm Hg for diastolic blood pressure. CRH stimulation tests were performed between 1400 and 1700 h in 11 patients with white coat hypertension (4 males and 7 females) and 11 normal subjects (4 males and 7 females). Blood pressure and heart rate were measured 15 min before, at time zero, and 15, 30, 60, and 120 min after initiation of the CRH stimulation tests. In white coat hypertension, both the mean systolic blood pressure (162 ± 15 mm Hg) and diastolic blood pressure (97 ± 10 mm Hg) were higher than in controls (P &lt; 0.01) on 3 occasions. The mean ambulatory blood pressure for the 24-h period of the test did not differ between patients with white coat hypertension and normal subjects. Basal levels of ACTH and cortisol did not differ between patients with white coat hypertension and control subjects. However, challenge with CRH elevated ACTH (30 min) and cortisol (30, 60, and 120 min) to levels higher than those in controls, with the net increase in both ACTH and cortisol being higher than that in controls over the study period (P &lt; 0.01). These significant responses suggest that white coat hypertension is associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal hypersensitivity to stressors.

scholarly journals Efektifitas Terapi Relaksasi Benson Terhadap Tekanan Darah Pada Penderita Hipertensi

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joko Tri Atmojo ◽  
Made Mahaguna Putra ◽  
Ni Made Dewi Yunica Astriani ◽  
Putu Indah Sintya Dewi ◽  
Tjahja Bintoro
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Relaxation Therapy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Paired T Test

Background: Hypertension is associated with an increase in systolic pressure or diastolic pressure or the pressure of both. Hypertension is defined as persistently high blood pressure where the systolic pressure above 140 mmHg and diastolic pressure above 90 mmHg. One of the non-pharmacological treatments for hypertension is with Benson relaxation therapy. The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of Benson relaxation therapy on blood pressure in patients with hypertension in Unggahan Village. Method: The research design was a pra-experimental design with one group pre-post test design. The research sample consisted of 30 people. The sampling technique used non-probability sampling with techniques purposive sampling and data from respondents was collected by using a digital tensimeter measuring instrument. This study used a Paired t-test examination significant standard α=0.05. Result: The result of the study shows that before was given a Benson relaxation therapy that was Mean systolic blood pressure is 149.93, and the Mean diastolic blood pressure is 89.33. Then, after giving a Benson relaxation therapy that was Mean systolic blood pressure is 138.97 and the Mean diastolic blood pressure is 84.07. The results of the examination Paired t-test, obtained the score p pre and post (0,000) < α (0,05), which means that H0 is ferected and Ha accepted. Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that there is an effect of Benson relaxation therapy on blood pressure in patients with hypertension in Unggahan Village.

THE BRACHIAL TO DIGITAL BLOOD PRESSURE GRADIENT IN NORMAL SUBJECTS AND IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 889-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gaskell ◽  
A. M. Krisman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Systolic Pressure Gradient

The brachial and digital blood pressures were estimated by auscultatory techniques in 10 patients with essential hypertension and in a group of 6 subjects with normal blood pressure who were in a state of regulated peripheral vasoconstriction and again when they were in a state of regulated vasodilatation. The brachial to digital systolic and diastolic pressure gradients in both control subjects and hypertensive patients were greater when the individuals were heated than when they were cooled. The brachial to digital diastolic pressure gradient in the hypertensive patients was not significantly different from that in the subjects with normal blood pressure. However, the systolic pressure gradient was greater in the hypertensive patients than in the control group both when the individuals were heated and when they were cooled.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document