Evidence that fatty acid chain length is a type II cell lipid-sorting signal

This study was undertaken to determine those structural features of phospholipid molecules which influence their enrichment in type II cell lamellar body material. Cultured fetal rabbit lung tissue was labeled with [1-14C]acetate, type II cells were isolated, and extracellular lamellar body and microsomal fractions were prepared. Radiolabeled molecular species of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), followed by silver nitrate thin-layer chromatography of HPLC peak fractions that overlapped. Compared with microsomes, lamellar body PC was selectively enriched with molecular species containing 14- and 16-carbon fatty acids and depleted of species containing 18-carbon fatty acids. Palmitoleic acid and an ether linkage positively influenced the enrichment of PC molecular species in the lamellar body material, but these structural features were secondary to the predominant influence of fatty acid chain length. In vivo, lung tissue normally contains low levels of palmitoleic acid; hence most unsaturated fatty acids are 18-carbons or longer. A cellular lipid-sorting mechanism that selects PCs by recognition of 14- and 16-carbon fatty acid chains (and not by recognition of fatty acid saturation) should serve to enrich the resulting pulmonary surfactant with disaturated molecular species of PC.

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Regional distribution and release of peptide YY with fatty acids of different chain length

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1985.249.6.g745 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 249 (6) ◽

pp. G745-G750 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

G. W. Aponte ◽

A. S. Fink ◽

J. H. Meyer ◽

K. Tatemoto ◽

I. L. Taylor

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Chain Length ◽

Peptide Yy ◽

Dominant Role ◽

Regional Distribution ◽

Intestinal Fistula ◽

Direct Stimulation ◽

Fatty Acid Chain ◽

Intestinal Stoma

The present study examines peptide YY responses to regional intestinal perfusion of fatty acids of different chain length--dodecanoate and oleate. Six dogs with chronic gastric, duodenal, and jejunal fistulas were studied. Proximal perfusates were administered into the duodenum and diverted through an intestinal fistula placed 45 cm beyond the duodenal cannula. Distal perfusates were administered into the caudal stoma of this intestinal stoma. Peptide YY responses to proximal, distal, and whole-gut perfusion were compared. Proximal perfusion with oleate or dodecanoate failed to release peptide YY. In contrast, distal and whole-gut perfusion with either fatty acid produced significant increases that were of similar magnitude. Immunocytochemical studies demonstrated that peptide YY cells predominated in the canine ileocolonic mucosa and decreased progressively in an orad direction. We conclude that peptide YY release is not dependent on fatty acid chain length and that the duodenum does not play a dominant role in peptide YY release. As such, peptide YY release differs from that of its cousin pancreatic polypeptide and may result at least in part from direct stimulation of the peptide YY cell in the ileocolonic mucosa.

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The utilization of dietary fats by ruminants:II. The effect of fatty acid chain length and unsaturation on digestibility

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600026058 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 55-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

R. J. Andrews ◽

D. Lewis

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Stearic Acid ◽

Chain Length ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Dietary Fats ◽

Fatty Acid Chain Length ◽

Fatty Acid Chain ◽

Oleic And Linoleic Acids

SUMMARYThe effect of fatty acid chain length and unsaturation on digestibility in sheep were examined using partially purified samples of lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids. The digestibility of the fatty acids was relatively constant with only a very slight decrease on increasing chain length. There was an extensive hydrogenation of the unsaturated fatty acids.The corrected digestibility coefficients for lauric acid was 91%, myristic 86%, palmitic 87% and stearic acid 81–83% whereas the corrected digestibility coefficients for oleic and linoleic acids were calculated at 87 and 93% respectively. The digestibility coefficients for the saturated fatty acids are higher than similar estimates that have been reported for non-ruminants. It is suggested that the ruminant is better able to utilize saturated fatty acids than the non-ruminant.

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Influence of chain length of pyrene fatty acids on their uptake and metabolism by Epstein–Barr-virus-transformed lymphoid cell lines from a patient with multisystemic lipid storage myopathy and from control subjects

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj2690107 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 269 (1) ◽

pp. 107-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J Radom ◽

R Salvayre ◽

T Levade ◽

L Douste-Blazy

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Chain Length ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Lymphoid Cell ◽

Lipid Storage ◽

Lymphoid Cells ◽

Lipid Storage Myopathy ◽

Fatty Acid Chain ◽

Lymphoid Cell Lines

The uptake and intracellular metabolism of 4-(1-pyrene)butanoic acid (P4), 10-(1-pyrene)decanoic acid (P10) and 12-(1-pyrene)dodecanoic acid (P12) were investigated in cultured lymphoid cell lines from normal individuals and from a patient with multisystemic lipid storage myopathy (MLSM). The cellular uptake was shown to be dependent on the fatty-acid chain length, but no significant difference in the uptake of pyrene fatty acids was observed between MLSM and control lymphoid cells. After incubation for 1 h the distribution of fluorescent fatty acids taken up by the lymphoid cell lines also differed with the chain length, most of the fluorescence being associated with phospholipid and triacylglycerols. In contrast with P10 and P12, P4 was not incorporated into neutral lipids. When the cells were incubated for 24 h with the pyrene fatty acids, the amount of fluorescent lipids synthesized by the cells was proportional to the fatty acid concentration in the culture medium. After a 24 h incubation in the presence of P10 or P12, at any concentration, the fluorescent triacylglycerol content of MLSM cells was 2-5-fold higher than that of control cells. Concentrations of pyrene fatty acids higher than 40 microM seemed to be more toxic for mutant cells than for control cells. This cytotoxicity was dependent on the fluorescent-fatty-acid chain length (P12 greater than P10 greater than P4). Pulse-chase experiments permitted one to demonstrate the defect in the degradation of endogenously biosynthesized triacylglycerols in MLSM cells (residual activity was around 10-25% of controls on the basis of half-lives and initial rates of P10- or P12-labelled-triacylglycerol catabolism); MLSM lymphoid cells exhibited a mild phenotypic expression of the lipid storage (less severe than that observed in fibroblasts). P4 was not utilized in the synthesis of triacylglycerols, and thus did not accumulate in MLSM cells: this suggests that natural short-chain fatty acids might induce a lesser lipid storage in this disease.

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Correlation between saturated fatty acid chain-length and intermolecular forces determined with terahertz spectroscopy

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/c9cc00141g ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (25) ◽

pp. 3670-3673 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Shuting Fan ◽

Michael T. Ruggiero ◽

Zihui Song ◽

Zhengfang Qian ◽

Vincent P. Wallace

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Ab Initio ◽

Chain Length ◽

Intermolecular Interactions ◽

Saturated Fatty Acid ◽

Terahertz Spectroscopy ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Intermolecular Forces ◽

Fatty Acid Chain

Chain-length dependent intermolecular interactions of saturated fatty acids are directly probed with THz-TDS and confirmed by ab initio calculations.

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The Free Fatty Acids of Cod Oil: 1. Anomalous Composition by Fatty Acid Chain Length

Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada ◽

10.1139/f62-070 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 1081-1084 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

R. G. Ackman ◽

R. D. Burgher ◽

M. L. Hughes

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Free Fatty Acids ◽

Chain Length ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Neutral Fraction ◽

Specific Enzyme ◽

Fatty Acid Chain Length ◽

Fatty Acid Chain ◽

Liquid Chromatographic

Discrepancies have been noted in the relative proportions of certain fatty acid components of the free fatty acids of cod oil, compared to the composition of the neutral fraction. These have been studied quantitatively through gas–liquid chromatographic chain-length analyses of the hydrogenated methyl esters of the fractions. It is suggested that specific enzyme and bacterial actions may be responsible.

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