The complex role of Prostaglandin E2-EP receptor signaling in wound healing

Prostaglandin E ◽

Receptor Signaling ◽

Wound Healing Response ◽

Ep Receptor ◽

Prostaglandins are critical lipid mediators involved in the wound healing response, with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) being the most complex and exhibiting the most diverse physiological outputs. PGE2 signals via four G-protein coupled receptors, termed EP-receptors 1-4, that induce distinct signaling pathways upon activation and lead to an array of different outputs. Recent studies examining the role of PGE2 and EP receptor signaling in wound healing following various forms of tissue damage are discussed in this review.

Recent Advances of Small Molecular Regulators Targeting G Protein- Coupled Receptors Family for Oncology Immunotherapy

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1568026619666190628115644 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (16) ◽

pp. 1464-1483 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Peng He ◽

Wenbo Zhou ◽

Mingyao Liu ◽

Yihua Chen

Keyword(s):

G Protein ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Immune Checkpoints ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

Prostaglandin E ◽

Recent Advances ◽

The great clinical success of chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) and PD-1/PDL-1 inhibitor therapies suggests the drawing of a cancer immunotherapy age. However, a considerable proportion of cancer patients currently receive little benefit from these treatment modalities, indicating that multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms exist in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we mainly discuss recent advances in small molecular regulators targeting G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) that are associated with oncology immunomodulation, including chemokine receptors, purinergic receptors, prostaglandin E receptor EP4 and opioid receptors. Moreover, we outline how they affect tumor immunity and neoplasia by regulating immune cell recruitment and modulating tumor stromal cell biology. We also summarize the data from recent clinical advances in small molecular regulators targeting these GPCRs, in combination with immune checkpoints blockers, such as PD-1/PDL-1 and CTLA4 inhibitors, for cancer treatments.

The Role of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the Right Ventricle in Pulmonary Hypertension

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.3389/fcvm.2018.00179 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gayathri Viswanathan ◽

Argen Mamazhakypov ◽

Ralph T. Schermuly ◽

Sudarshan Rajagopal

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Right Ventricle ◽

G Protein ◽

The Right ◽

G protein coupled receptors as allosteric proteins and the role of allosteric modulators

Journal of Receptors and Signal Transduction ◽

10.3109/10799893.2010.503964 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 313-321 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Terry Kenakin

Keyword(s):

G Protein ◽

Allosteric Modulators ◽

Allosteric Proteins ◽

The role of membrane curvature elastic stress for function of rhodopsin-like G protein-coupled receptors

Biochimie ◽

10.1016/j.biochi.2014.10.011 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 107 ◽

pp. 28-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Olivier Soubias ◽

Walter E. Teague ◽

Kirk G. Hines ◽

Klaus Gawrisch

Keyword(s):

G Protein ◽

Elastic Stress ◽

Membrane Curvature ◽

Atypical Chemokine Receptors in Cardiovascular Disease

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1676988 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 119 (04) ◽

pp. 534-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Selin Gencer ◽

Emiel van der Vorst ◽

Maria Aslani ◽

Christian Weber ◽

Yvonne Döring ◽

...

Keyword(s):

G Protein ◽

Chemokine Receptors ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Signalling Pathways ◽

Atherosclerosis Development ◽

G Protein Coupled ◽

Precise Role

AbstractInflammation has been well recognized as one of the main drivers of atherosclerosis development and therefore cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It has been shown that several chemokines, small 8 to 12 kDa cytokines with chemotactic properties, play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Chemokines classically mediate their effects by binding to G-protein-coupled receptors called chemokine receptors. In addition, chemokines can also bind to atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs). ACKRs fail to induce G-protein-dependent signalling pathways and thus subsequent cellular response, but instead are able to internalize, scavenge or transport chemokines. In this review, we will give an overview of the current knowledge about the involvement of ACKR1–4 in CVDs and especially in atherosclerosis development. In the recent years, several studies have highlighted the importance of ACKRs in CVDs, although there are still several controversies and unexplored aspects that have to be further elucidated. A better understanding of the precise role of these atypical receptors may pave the way towards novel and improved therapeutic strategies.

The Role of MC1R in Speciation & Phylogeny

The American Biology Teacher ◽

10.1525/abt.2013.75.9.8 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 75 (9) ◽

pp. 670-676 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Susan Offner

Keyword(s):

G Protein ◽

Point Mutation ◽

Solomon Island ◽

Ancestral Population ◽

Mc1r Gene ◽

The Many ◽

Evolutionary Consequences ◽

A point mutation in the MC1R gene, a G-protein-coupled receptor, has been found that could have led to the formation of two subspecies of Solomon Island flycatcher from a single ancestral population. I discuss the many roles that G-protein-coupled receptors play in vertebrate physiology and how one particular point mutation can have enormous evolutionary consequences.

New thoughts on the role of the βγ subunit in G protein signal transduction

Biochemistry and Cell Biology ◽

10.1139/o00-075 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 78 (5) ◽

pp. 537-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Barbara Vanderbeld ◽

Gregory M Kelly

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

G Protein ◽

G Proteins ◽

Limited Information ◽

Α Subunit ◽

Downstream Effectors ◽

Receptor Signal ◽

Heterotrimeric G proteins are involved in numerous biological processes, where they mediate signal transduction from agonist-bound G-protein-coupled receptors to a variety of intracellular effector molecules and ion channels. G proteins consist of two signaling moieties: a GTP-bound α subunit and a βγ heterodimer. The βγ dimer, recently credited as a significant modulator of G-protein-mediated cellular responses, is postulated to be a major determinant of signaling fidelity between G-protein-coupled receptors and downstream effectors. In this review we have focused on the role of βγ signaling and have included examples to demonstrate the heterogeneity in the heterodimer composition and its implications in signaling fidelity. We also present an overview of some of the effectors regulated by βγ and draw attention to the fact that, although G proteins and their associated receptors play an instrumental role in development, there is rather limited information on βγ signaling in embryogenesis.Key words: G protein, βγ subunit, G-protein-coupled receptor, signal transduction, adenylyl cyclase.