Role of lung macrophages on susceptibility to respiratory infection following short-term moderate exercise training

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (6) ◽  
pp. R1354-R1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Murphy ◽  
J. M. Davis ◽  
A. S. Brown ◽  
M. D. Carmichael ◽  
N. Van Rooijen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Lung Macrophages ◽  
Moderate Exercise Training

Moderate exercise training is associated with a decreased risk for upper respiratory tract infection in human and animal studies, but the mechanisms have not been elucidated. Lung macrophages play an important role in resistance to respiratory infection, and moderate exercise can enhance macrophage antiviral resistance, but no studies have directly tested the role of lung macrophages in this response. This study tested the effect of lung macrophage depletion on susceptibility to infection following short-term moderate exercise training. Mice were assigned to one of four groups: exercise (Ex) and resting controls (Con) with and without clodronate encapsulated liposomes (CL2MDP-lip). Ex mice ran for 1 h on a treadmill for 6 days at 36 m/min, 8% grade. Fifteen minutes following exercise or rest on the last day of training, mice were intranasally inoculated with a standardized dose of herpes simplex virus type 1. Clodronate (Ex-CL2MDP-lip and Con-CL2MDP-lip) or PBS liposomes (Ex-PBS-lip and Con-PBS-lip) (100 μl) were intranasally administered following exercise or rest on the 4th day of training and again on the 4th day postinfection. Morbidity, mortality, and symptom severity were monitored for 21 days. Exercise decreased morbidity by 36%, mortality by 61%, and symptom severity score on days 5–7 ( P < 0.05). Depletion of lung macrophages negated the beneficial effects of moderate exercise. This was indicated by no differences between Ex-CL2MDP-lip and Con-PBS-lip in morbidity (89 vs. 95%), mortality (79 vs. 95%), or symptom severity. Results indicate that lung macrophages play an important role in mediating the beneficial effects of moderate exercise on susceptibility to respiratory infection.

Benefits of oat β-glucan on respiratory infection following exercise stress: role of lung macrophages

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (5) ◽  
pp. R1593-R1599 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Murphy ◽  
J. M. Davis ◽  
A. S. Brown ◽  
M. D. Carmichael ◽  
J. A. Carson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Lung Macrophages ◽  
Increased Risk

Exercise stress is associated with an increased risk for upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). We have shown that consumption of the soluble oat fiber β-glucan (OβG) can offset the increased risk for infection and decreased macrophage antiviral resistance following stressful exercise; however, the direct role of macrophages is unknown. This study examined the effect of macrophage depletion on the benefits of orally administered OβG on susceptibility to infection (morbidity, symptom severity, and mortality) following exercise stress. CL2MDP (Ex- H2O-CL2MDP, Ex-OβG-CL2MDP, Con-H2O-CL2MDP, Con-OβG-CL2MDP)-encapsulated liposomes were administered intranasally to deplete macrophages, and PBS (Ex-H2O-PBS, Ex-OβG-PBS, Con-H2O-PBS, Con-OβG-PBS)-encapsulated liposomes were given to macrophage-intact groups. Ex mice ran to volitional fatigue on a treadmill for 3 consecutive days, and OβG mice were fed a solution of 50% OβG in their drinking water for 10 consecutive days before infection. Fifteen minutes following the final bout of Ex or rest, mice were intranasally inoculated with 50 μl of a standardized dose of herpes simplex virus-1. Ex increased morbidity ( P < 0.001) and symptom severity ( P < 0.05) but not mortality ( P = 0.09). The increase in morbidity and symptom severity was blocked by OβG consumption for 10 consecutive days before exercise and infection [morbidity ( P < 0.001) and symptom severity ( P < 0.05)]. Depletion of macrophages negated the beneficial effects of OβG on reducing susceptibility to infection following exercise stress, as evidenced by an increase in morbidity ( P < 0.01) and symptom severity ( P < 0.05). Results indicate that lung macrophages are at least partially responsible for mediating the beneficial effects of OβG on susceptibility to respiratory infection following exercise stress.

EFFECTS OF SHORT-TERM MODERATE EXERCISE TRAINING AND OAT BETA-GLUCAN ON MACROPHAGE CYTOTOXICITY

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S156
Author(s):  
E A. Murphy ◽  
J M. Davis ◽  
A S. Brown ◽  
A Ghaffar ◽  
E P. Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Macrophage Cytotoxicity ◽  
Moderate Exercise Training

Effects of short-term moderate exercise training on sexual function in male patients with chronic stable heart failure

2005 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romualdo Belardinelli ◽  
Francesca Lacalaprice ◽  
Ernesto Faccenda ◽  
Augusto Purcaro ◽  
GianPiero Perna
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Moderate Exercise Training

Effects of moderate exercise and oat β-glucan on lung tumor metastases and macrophage antitumor cytotoxicity

2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Murphy ◽  
J. M. Davis ◽  
A. S. Brown ◽  
M. D. Carmichael ◽  
E. P. Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
Melanoma Cells ◽  
B16 Melanoma ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Short Term ◽  
B16 Melanoma Cells ◽  
Macrophage Cytotoxicity ◽  
Moderate Exercise Training

Both moderate exercise and the soluble fiber β-glucan can have beneficial effects on the initiation and growth of tumors, but the data are limited, and there is no information on their combined effects. This study tested the independent and combined effects of short-term moderate-exercise training and the soluble oat fiber β-glucan (OβG) on the metatastic spread of injected tumor cells and macrophage antitumor cytotoxicity. Male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to one of four groups: exercise (Ex)-H2O, Ex-OβG, control (Con)-H2O, or Con-OβG. OβG was fed in the drinking water for 10 days before tumor administration and death. Exercise consisted of treadmill running (1 h/day) for 6 days. After rest or exercise on the last day of training, syngeneic B16 melanoma cells (2 × 105) were administered via intravenous injection ( n = 8–11 per group). Lungs were removed 14 days later, and tumor foci were counted. Additional mice ( n = 8 per group) were killed, and peritoneal macrophages were assayed for cytotoxicity against the same mouse tumor cell line at various effector-to-target ratios. Both moderate exercise and OβG decreased lung tumor foci and increased macrophage cytotoxicity. However, there were no differences in lung tumor foci and macrophage cytotoxicity between Ex-OβG and either Ex-H2O or Con-OβG. These data suggest that, although not additive in their effects, both short-term moderate-exercise training and consumption of the soluble OβG can decrease the metatastic spread of injected B16 melanoma cells, and these effects may be mediated in part by an increase in macrophage cytotoxicity to B16 melanoma.

Reversal of experimental hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension by moderate exercise training in mice

Pneumologie ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Peters ◽  
C Klöpping ◽  
K Krüger ◽  
C Pilat ◽  
S Katta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Moderate Exercise Training

scholarly journals Moderate exercise training modulates cytokine profile and sleep in elderly people

Cytokine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V.T. Santos ◽  
V.A.R. Viana ◽  
R.A. Boscolo ◽  
V.G. Marques ◽  
M.G. Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Moderate Exercise Training

scholarly journals Moderate exercise training promotes adaptations in coronary blood flow and adenosine production in normotensive rats

Clinics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2105-2111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda R. Roque ◽  
Ursula Paula Renó Soci ◽  
Katia De Angelis ◽  
Marcele A. Coelho ◽  
Cristina R. Furstenau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Coronary Blood Flow ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Moderate Exercise Training

scholarly journals Duodenal Dysbiosis and Relation to the Efficacy of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Functional Dyspepsia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (24) ◽  
pp. 13609
Author(s):  
Lucas Wauters ◽  
Raúl Y. Tito ◽  
Matthias Ceulemans ◽  
Maarten Lambaerts ◽  
Alison Accarie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Before And After

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) may improve symptoms in functional dyspepsia (FD) through duodenal eosinophil-reducing effects. However, the contribution of the microbiome to FD symptoms and its interaction with PPI remains elusive. Aseptic duodenal brushings and biopsies were performed before and after PPI intake (4 weeks Pantoprazole 40 mg daily, FD-starters and controls) or withdrawal (2 months, FD-stoppers) for 16S-rRNA sequencing. Between- and within-group changes in genera or diversity and associations with symptoms or duodenal factors were analyzed. In total, 30 controls, 28 FD-starters and 19 FD-stoppers were followed. Mucus-associated Porphyromonas was lower in FD-starters vs. controls and correlated with symptoms in FD and duodenal eosinophils in both groups, while Streptococcus correlated with eosinophils in controls. Although clinical and eosinophil-reducing effects of PPI therapy were unrelated to microbiota changes in FD-starters, increased Streptococcus was associated with duodenal PPI effects in controls and remained higher despite withdrawal of long-term PPI therapy in FD-stoppers. Thus, duodenal microbiome analysis demonstrated differential mucus-associated genera, with a potential role of Porphyromonas in FD pathophysiology. While beneficial effects of short-term PPI therapy were not associated with microbial changes in FD-starters, increased Streptococcus and its association with PPIeffects in controls suggest a role for duodenal dysbiosis after long-term PPI therapy.

scholarly journals Moderate exercise training reduces kidney oxidative stress and mortality of hypertensive diabetic rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Sousa Cunha ◽  
Roberta Hack Mendes ◽  
Mariane Bertagnolli ◽  
Vinícius Viegas ◽  
Cristiano Teixeira Mostarda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Moderate Exercise ◽  
Moderate Exercise Training
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