Expression of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase isoforms in marlin and swordfish muscle and heater cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (1) ◽  
pp. R262-R275 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tullis ◽  
B. A. Block
Keyword(s):  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Rectus Muscle ◽  
Superior Rectus ◽  
Cardiac Muscles ◽  
Slow Twitch ◽  
Fast Twitch ◽  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ◽  
Superior Rectus Muscle

The superior rectus muscles of marlin, swordfish, sailfish, and spearfish are modified for generating heat rather than force. This study focuses on the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-adenosinetriphosphatase (SR Ca(2+)-ATPase) to gain further insight into the muscle fiber type origin of the billfish “heater cell.” Direct sequencing and immunolocalization demonstrated that marlin and swordfish epaxial swimming muscles express two forms of the SR Ca(2+)-ATPase in a fiber type-specific manner; red slow-twitch skeletal and cardiac muscles express the same SERCA2 message, whereas white fast-twitch skeletal muscles express a SERCA1 message. Thus the expression pattern of the SR Ca2+ pump is similar in both billfish and tetrapod muscles. Molecular and immunological studies revealed that billfish heater tissue and superior rectus muscle express both fast and slow SR Ca2+ pump isoforms. Immunohistochemical results suggest that heater cells and most extraocular muscle fibers express the fast SR Ca2+ pump. Expression of the fast SR Ca(2+)-ATPase by heater cells has implications for heater cell origin and thermogenic control.

Differentiation of Fiber Types in a Mammalian Extraocular Muscle

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 506-507
Author(s):  
Asish C. Nag ◽  
Mei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rectus Muscle ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Superior Rectus ◽  
Adult Cat ◽  
Superior Rectus Muscle

The mammalian extraocular muscles possess greater variation in structural and physiological properties than any other muscle. Superior rectus muscle of the adult cat and rat contains five morphological fiber types. The differentiation of these fiber types in the embryonic and postnatal rats was studied by light and electron microscopy, mapping the distribution of each developing fiber type with its distinctive features.A mixture of 4% paraformaldehyde and 4% glutaraldehyde was perfused through the superior rectus muscle of rats ranging from 18-day embryos through 4-week postnatal anesthetized animals. Muscles were removed, kept overnight in 4% glutaraldehyde, and processed for electron microscopy using standard methods of OsO4 postfixation and araldite embedding. Thick and thin sections were cut. Thick transverse sections were photographed, and maps of muscle fibers were prepared. In order to identify the fibers and their exact locations, electron micrographs of fibers were taken in conjunction with the light micrographs.The muscle fibers in the 18-day embryos did not differentiate into the specific structural fiber types (Fig. 1) that were observed in the adult muscle.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effects of inorganic phosphate on caffeine-induced Ca2+ release in fast- and slow-twitch mammalian skeletal muscle

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (1) ◽  
pp. C97-C105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe S. Posterino ◽  
Stacey L. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Creatine Phosphate ◽  
Mammalian Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Slow Twitch ◽  
Fast Twitch

We compared the effects of 50 mM Pi on caffeine-induced Ca2+ release in mechanically skinned fast-twitch (FT) and slow-twitch (ST) skeletal muscle fibers of the rat. The time integral (area) of the caffeine response was reduced by ∼57% (FT) and ∼27% (ST) after 30 s of exposure to 50 mM Pi in either the presence or absence of creatine phosphate (to buffer ADP). Differences in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ content between FT and ST fibers [∼40% vs. 100% SR Ca2+ content (pCa 6.7), respectively] did not contribute to the different effects of Pi observed; underloading the SR of ST fibers so that the SR Ca2+ content approximated that of FT fibers resulted in an even smaller (∼21%), but not significant, reduction in caffeine-induced Ca2+ release by Pi. These observed differences between FT and ST fibers could arise from fiber-type differences in the ability of the SR to accumulate Ca2+-Pi precipitate. To test this, fibers were Ca2+ loaded in the presence of 50 mM Pi. In FT fibers, the maximum SR Ca2+ content (pCa 6.7) was subsequently increased by up to 13 times of that achieved when loading for 2 min in the absence of Pi. In ST fibers, the SR Ca2+ content was only doubled. These data show that Ca2+ release in ST fibers was less affected by Pi than FT fibers, and this may be due to a reduced capacity of ST SR to accumulate Ca2+-Pi precipitate. This may account, in part, for the fatigue-resistant nature of ST fibers.

scholarly journals Augmented superior rectus muscle transposition in management of defective ocular abduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed F. Farid ◽  
Ahmed E. M. Daifalla ◽  
Mohamed A. Awwad
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Rectus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Transposition ◽  
Primary Position ◽  
Superior Rectus ◽  
Sixth Nerve Palsy ◽  
Abnormal Head ◽  
Duane Retraction Syndrome ◽  
Sixth Nerve ◽  
Superior Rectus Muscle

Abstract Background Superior rectus muscle transposition (SRT) is one of the proposed transposition techniques in the management of defective ocular abduction secondary to chronic sixth nerve palsy and esotropic Duane retraction syndrome (Eso-DRS). The aim of the current study is to report the outcomes of augmented SRT in treatment of Eso-DRS and chronic sixth nerve palsy. Methods a retrospective review of medical records of patients with Eso-DRS and complete chronic sixth nerve palsy who were treated by augmented full tendon SRT combined with medial rectus recession (MRc) when intraoperative forced duction test yielded a significant contracture. Effect on primary position esotropia (ET), abnormal head posture (AHP), limitation of ocular ductions as well as complications were reported and analyzed. Results a total of 21 patients were identified: 10 patients with 6th nerve palsy and 11 patients with Eso-DRS. In both groups, SRT was combined with ipsilateral MRc in 18 cases. ET, AHP and limited abduction were improved by means of 33.8PD, 26.5°, and 2.6 units in 6th nerve palsy group and by 31.1PD, 28.6°, and 2 units in Eso-DRS group respectively. Surgical success which was defined as within 10 PD of horizontal orthotropia and within 4 PD of vertical orthotropia was achieved in 15 cases (71.4%). Significant induced hypertropia of more than 4 PD was reported in 3 patients (30%) and in 2 patients (18%) in both groups, respectively. Conclusion augmented SRT with or without MRc is an effective tool for management of ET, AHP and limited abduction secondary to sixth nerve palsy and Eso-DRS. However, this form of augmented superior rectus muscle transposition could result in high rates of induced vertical deviation.

How can infection and other complications of cataract surgery be avoided? Axenfeld (Klin. Monatsbl. f. Aug., 1925, Bd. 75)

1926 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1391-1391
Author(s):  
V. Adamyuk
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Vitreous Body ◽  
Rectus Muscle ◽  
Superior Rectus ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Superior Rectus Muscle

The author particularly recommends, as an improvement of this operation, the use of a suture-carrier on the superior rectus muscle. This protects against various complications and especially against vitreous body prolapse, reducing intraocular pressure and immobilizing the eye better than other methods of fixation.

scholarly journals lncRNA-Six1 Is a Target of miR-1611 that Functions as a ceRNA to Regulate Six1 Protein Expression and Fiber Type Switching in Chicken Myogenesis

Cells ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manting Ma ◽  
Bolin Cai ◽  
Liang Jiang ◽  
Bahareldin Ali Abdalla ◽  
Zhenhui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Type ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Muscle Fiber Types ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Slow Twitch Muscle ◽  
Fast Twitch Muscle ◽  
Slow Twitch ◽  
Slow Twitch Fibers ◽  
Fast Twitch

Emerging studies indicate important roles for non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as essential regulators in myogenesis, but relatively less is known about their function. In our previous study, we found that lncRNA-Six1 can regulate Six1 in cis to participate in myogenesis. Here, we studied a microRNA (miRNA) that is specifically expressed in chickens (miR-1611). Interestingly, miR-1611 was found to contain potential binding sites for both lncRNA-Six1 and Six1, and it can interact with lncRNA-Six1 to regulate Six1 expression. Overexpression of miR-1611 represses the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. Moreover, miR-1611 is highly expressed in slow-twitch fibers, and it drives the transformation of fast-twitch muscle fibers to slow-twitch muscle fibers. Together, these data demonstrate that miR-1611 can mediate the regulation of Six1 by lncRNA-Six1, thereby affecting proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts and transformation of muscle fiber types.

scholarly journals Superior rectus muscle insertion injury following cosmetic upper lid blepharoplasty: a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Yeun Lee ◽  
Kyuyeon Cho ◽  
Daye Diana Choi ◽  
Kyung-Ah Park ◽  
Kyung In Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Rectus Muscle ◽  
Superior Rectus ◽  
Muscle Insertion ◽  
Upper Lid ◽  
Superior Rectus Muscle
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