Effect of functional overload on substrate oxidation capacity of skeletal muscle

1981 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1272-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Baldwin ◽  
V. Valdez ◽  
L. F. Schrader ◽  
R. E. Herrick
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Capacity

Nox4-derived ROS are Essential for Skeletal Muscle Substrate Oxidation Post-exercise

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. S75
Author(s):  
Kalyn Specht ◽  
Shashi Kant ◽  
Adele Addington ◽  
Ryan McMillan ◽  
Matthew W. Hulver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Post Exercise

scholarly journals Substrate oxidation in primary human skeletal muscle cells is influenced by donor age

2020 ◽  
Vol 382 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-608
Author(s):  
Vigdis Aas ◽  
G. Hege Thoresen ◽  
Arild C. Rustan ◽  
Jenny Lund
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Donor Age ◽  
Human Myotubes ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle Cells

AbstractPrimary human myotubes represent an alternative system to intact skeletal muscle for the study of human diseases related to changes in muscle energy metabolism. This work aimed to study if fatty acid and glucose metabolism in human myotubes in vitro were related to muscle of origin, donor gender, age, or body mass index (BMI). Myotubes from a total of 82 donors were established from three different skeletal muscles, i.e., musculus vastus lateralis, musculus obliquus internus abdominis, and musculi interspinales, and cellular energy metabolism was evaluated. Multiple linear regression analyses showed that donor age had a significant effect on glucose and oleic acid oxidation after correcting for gender, BMI, and muscle of origin. Donor BMI was the only significant contributor to cellular oleic acid uptake, whereas cellular glucose uptake did not rely on any of the variables examined. Despite the effect of age on substrate oxidation, cellular mRNA expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) did not correlate with donor age. In conclusion, donor age significantly impacts substrate oxidation in cultured human myotubes, whereas donor BMI affects cellular oleic acid uptake.

scholarly journals Effect of β1- and β2-adrenergic stimulation on energy expenditure, substrate oxidation, and UCP3 expression in humans

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (4) ◽  
pp. E775-E782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris Hoeks ◽  
Marleen A. van Baak ◽  
Matthijs K. C. Hesselink ◽  
Gabby B. Hul ◽  
Hubert Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Adrenergic Stimulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plasma Ffa

In humans, β-adrenergic stimulation increases energy and fat metabolism. In the case of β1-adrenergic stimulation, it is fueled by an increased lipolysis. We examined the effect of β2-adrenergic stimulation, with and without a blocker of lipolysis, on thermogenesis and substrate oxidation. Furthermore, the effect of β1-and β2-adrenergic stimulation on uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) mRNA expression was studied. Nine lean males received a 3-h infusion of dobutamine (DOB, β1) or salbutamol (SAL, β2). Also, we combined SAL with acipimox to block lipolysis (SAL+ACI). Energy and substrate metabolism were measured continuously, blood was sampled every 30 min, and muscle biopsies were taken before and after infusion. Energy expenditure significantly increased ∼13% in all conditions. Fat oxidation increased 47 ± 7% in the DOB group and 19 ± 7% in the SAL group but remained unchanged in the SAL+ACI condition. Glucose oxidation decreased 40 ± 9% upon DOB, remained unchanged during SAL, and increased 27 ± 11% upon SAL+ACI. Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels were increased by SAL (57 ± 11%) and DOB (47 ± 16%), whereas SAL+ACI caused about fourfold lower FFA levels compared with basal levels. No change in UCP3 was found after DOB or SAL, whereas SAL+ACI downregulated skeletal muscle UCP3 mRNA levels 38 ± 13%. In conclusion, β2-adrenergic stimulation directly increased energy expenditure independently of plasma FFA levels. Furthermore, this is the first study to demonstrate a downregulation of skeletal muscle UCP3 mRNA expression after the lowering of plasma FFA concentrations in humans, despite an increase in energy expenditure upon β2-adrenergic stimulation.

Comparison of exercise training effects on mitochondrial substrate oxidation of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of humans

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Hoffmann ◽  
P Schneeweiß ◽  
L Kappler ◽  
E Randrianarisoa ◽  
G Schnauder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Training Effects

scholarly journals Effects of gender on resting leg blood flow: implications for measurement of regional substrate oxidation

1998 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Jensen ◽  
Tu T. Nguyen ◽  
A. Hernández Mijares ◽  
C. Michael Johnson ◽  
Michael J. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Leg Blood Flow ◽  
Meal Ingestion

Jensen, Michael D., Tu T. Nguyen, A. Hernández Mijares, C. Michael Johnson, and Michael J. Murray. Effects of gender on resting leg blood flow: implications for measurement of regional substrate oxidation. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(1): 141–145, 1998.—These studies were designed to examine whether the respiratory quotient (RQ) of leg tissue (primarily skeletal muscle) would increase to a greater degree in women than in men during meal ingestion. We found that mean leg and systemic RQ values were similar in men under both basal and fed conditions, whereas the agreement was poor in women. In women, leg RQ values tended to be greater than the systemic RQ, whereas splanchnic RQ values tended to be lower than the systemic RQ. The possibility that measurement imprecision accounted for the different findings in women could not be excluded because the arteriovenous blood O2 differences were almost twice as great in men as in women (53.7 ± 5.4 vs. 28.6 ± 2.9 ml of O2/l, respectively; P < 0.01), as were venoarterial blood CO2 differences. The smaller arteriovenous differences in women appeared to limit our ability to accurately measure their leg RQ values. O2 uptake relative to leg fat-free mass (FFM) was not different between men and women, whereas leg blood flow relative to leg FFM was greater in women than in men (55 ± 3 vs. 39 ± 2 ml ⋅ kg FFM−1 ⋅ min−1, respectively; P < 0.001). These findings were confirmed by examining data from other studies conducted in our laboratory to create a larger data set. We conclude that resting leg blood flow in women is greater (relative to FFM) than in men, making it more difficult to accurately measure leg RQ in women.

scholarly journals Are Alterations in Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria a Cause or Consequence of Insulin Resistance?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Genders ◽  
Graham P. Holloway ◽  
David J. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mitochondrial Content ◽  
Major Site ◽  
Conflicting Information ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria

As a major site of glucose uptake following a meal, skeletal muscle has an important role in whole-body glucose metabolism. Evidence in humans and animal models of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes suggests that alterations in mitochondrial characteristics accompany the development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance. However, it is unclear whether changes in mitochondrial content, respiratory function, or substrate oxidation are central to the development of insulin resistance or occur in response to insulin resistance. Thus, this review will aim to evaluate the apparent conflicting information placing mitochondria as a key organelle in the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.

Regulation of skeletal muscle carbohydrate oxidation during steady-state contraction

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (5) ◽  
pp. R1384-R1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Timmons ◽  
Simon M. Poucher ◽  
Dumitru Constantin-Teodosiu ◽  
Ian A. Macdonald ◽  
Paul L. Greenhaff
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex ◽  
Substrate Oxidation ◽  
Carbohydrate Oxidation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Glucose Fatty Acid Cycle ◽  
State Contraction ◽  
Activation Status

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) activation status has been described as being central in the regulation of tissue substrate oxidation as outlined by the glucose fatty-acid cycle. In the present study we examined the effects of reduced lipolysis, with use of nicotinate, and increased PDC activation, with use of dichloroacetate (DCA), on substrate utilization during 20 min of submaximal steady-state contraction (∼80% of maximal O2uptake) in canine gracilis skeletal muscle. At rest, PDC activation was unchanged by nicotinate but was ∼2.5-fold higher in the DCA group than in the control group ( P < 0.05). During contraction, PDC activation status increased to 3.5 mmol acetyl-CoA ⋅ min−1 ⋅ kg−1at 37°C in the control group, remained at 4.5 mmol acetyl-CoA ⋅ min−1 ⋅ kg−1at 37°C in the DCA group, but only increased to 2.2 mmol acetyl-CoA ⋅ min−1 ⋅ kg−1at 37°C in the nicotinate group ( P< 0.05). However, the estimated amount of carbohydrate oxidized during the 20-min contraction was similar across groups and did not follow the degree of PDC activation (81.2 ± 22.9, 95.9 ± 11.7, and 89.3 ± 18.9 mmol glucosyl units/kg dry muscle for control, nicotinate, and DCA, respectively). Thus it would appear that, during steady-state contraction, PDC activation status does not determine the rate of carbohydrate oxidation in skeletal muscle.

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