Effects of ethanol on in vitro ciliary motility

1988 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1617-1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Maurer ◽  
J. Liebman
Keyword(s):  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Slow Motion ◽  
Ciliary Beat Frequency ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
Ciliary Motility ◽  
Social Drinking ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Ciliary Beat

Consumption of ethanol can impair lung function and slow total lung clearance. High concentrations of ethanol have been shown to slow or arrest ciliary beating. This study examined the effects of concentrations of alcohol comparable to blood levels achieved from social drinking on ciliary beat frequency. We obtained ciliated cells by brushing the trachea of unanesthetized sheep during fiber-optic bronchoscopy. The cells were suspended in a perfusion chamber and physiological conditions were maintained in vitro. Ciliary beat frequency and synchrony were determined by slow-motion analysis of video images obtained by interference contrast microscopy. Metachronal ciliary coordination was observed in all preparations. The ciliary beat frequency was stimulated at ethanol concentrations from 0.01 up to but not including 0.1%, unchanged at 0.5 and 1%, and slowed at 2%. While confirming inhibition of ciliary motility at very high ethanol levels, we observed no acute impairment of ciliary function at ethanol concentrations comparable to those achieved from social drinking. Indeed, we found an unexpected stimulation of ciliary beating at low levels of ethanol. How this alteration in ciliary beating would affect pulmonary clearance remains unknown at this time.

The effects of in vitro cotitine on nasal ciliary beat frequency

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. AGIUS ◽  
M. WAKE ◽  
A. L. PAHOR ◽  
A. SMALLMAN
Keyword(s):  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Beat Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Beat

Regulation of ciliary beat frequency by autonomic mechanisms: in vitro

1988 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1895-1901 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Wong ◽  
I. F. Miller ◽  
D. B. Yeates
Keyword(s):  
Laser Light ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Beat Frequency ◽  
Atropine Sulfate ◽  
Adrenergic Agonist ◽  
Muscarinic Cholinergic ◽  
Autonomic Receptors ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Ciliary Beat

The ciliated epithelium of the mammalian trachea separates the neurohumoral milieu of the tissue from that of the environment of the airway lumen. To determine whether specific autonomic receptors regulating ciliary beat frequency (CBF) were located on mucosal or serosal sides, we measured CBF by heterodyne mode correlation analysis laser light scattering in bovine tracheal tissues mounted in a two-sided chamber. A beta 2-adrenergic agonist, fenoterol, at 10(-7) M, stimulated serosal CBF from 7.9 +/- 1.3 to 20.2 +/- 5.8 Hz (P less than 0.01) and mucosal CBF from 6.6 +/- 0.9 to 14.7 +/- 4.6 Hz (P less than 0.01). A muscarinic cholinergic agonist, methacholine, at 10(-7) M, increased mucosal CBF from 8.4 +/- 1.0 to 19.5 +/- 5.5 Hz (P less than 0.01) and serosal CBF from 8.0 +/- 0.9 to 15.4 +/- 5.0 Hz (P less than 0.01). The differences in stimulation of CBF on the mucosal and serosal sides between fenoterol and methacholine were significant (P less than 0.01). Studies in which these autonomic agonist stimulating effects were inhibited by their respective antagonists, propranolol and atropine sulfate, demonstrated that CBF can be regulated independently by mediators both in the submucosa and within the mucus lining.

Influence of MP 29-02 on ciliary beat frequency in human epithelial cells in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 275 (6) ◽  
pp. 1483-1490
Author(s):  
D. Häussler ◽  
J. U. Sommer ◽  
A. Nastev ◽  
C. Aderhold ◽  
A. Wenzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Beat Frequency ◽  
Human Epithelial Cells ◽  
Ciliary Beat

Polyhexanide-containing solution reduces ciliary beat frequency of human nasal epithelial cells in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 272 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Birk ◽  
C. Aderhold ◽  
J. Stern-Sträter ◽  
K. Hörmann ◽  
B. A. Stuck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Beat Frequency ◽  
Nasal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Human Nasal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Ciliary Beat

Leukotrienes C4 and D4 Increase the Ciliary Beat Frequency in Human Upper Airway Mucosa in Vitro

1998 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos B. Cyrus ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Thomas V. McCaffrey
Keyword(s):  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Ciliary Beat Frequency ◽  
Airway Mucosa ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Leukotriene Receptor ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Ciliary Beat

It has been suggested that leukotrienes C4 (LTC4) and D4 (LTD4) released from upper respiratory mucosa influence mucociliary transport during allergic reactions. We studied the in vitro effects of leukotrienes C4 and D4 on the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) of human adenoid explants over a 5-hour period. Tissue explants were cultured at 35° C in Minimum Essential Medium Eagle (MEM). The CBF was measured using phase contrast microscopy and microphotometry. Measurements of CBF were recorded in medium alone and in medium containing LTC4 or LTD4 at concentrations of 10−8 and 10−6 M. LTC4 and LTD4 increased CBF at concentrations of 10−8 and 10−6 M with increases of 20.51% ± 2.69% and 29.84% ± 4.06%, respectively. To determine the specificity of the LTC4 and LTD4 effects, the ciliated epithelium was treated with the specific leukotriene receptor antagonist LY-171,883 before administration of LTC4 and LTD4. LY-171,883 (10−6 M) significantly inhibited the ciliostimulatory effects of both leukotrienes. Our findings indicate that LTC4 and LTD4 increase CBF in vitro by activation of the LTD4 receptor.

scholarly journals Intracellular Cl− Regulation of Ciliary Beating in Ciliated Human Nasal Epithelial Cells: Frequency and Distance of Ciliary Beating Observed by High-Speed Video Microscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4052
Author(s):  
Makoto Yasuda ◽  
Taka-aki Inui ◽  
Shigeru Hirano ◽  
Shinji Asano ◽  
Tomonori Okazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Beat Frequency ◽  
Video Microscopy ◽  
Nasal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Human Nasal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Ciliary Beat

Small inhaled particles, which are entrapped by the mucous layer that is maintained by mucous secretion via mucin exocytosis and fluid secretion, are removed from the nasal cavity by beating cilia. The functional activities of beating cilia are assessed by their frequency and the amplitude. Nasal ciliary beating is controlled by intracellular ions (Ca2+, H+ and Cl−), and is enhanced by a decreased concentration of intracellular Cl− ([Cl−]i) in ciliated human nasal epithelial cells (cHNECs) in primary culture, which increases the ciliary beat amplitude. A novel method to measure both ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and ciliary beat distance (CBD, an index of ciliary beat amplitude) in cHNECs has been developed using high-speed video microscopy, which revealed that a decrease in [Cl−]i increased CBD, but not CBF, and an increase in [Cl−]i decreased both CBD and CBF. Thus, [Cl−]i inhibits ciliary beating in cHNECs, suggesting that axonemal structures controlling CBD and CBF may have Cl− sensors and be regulated by [Cl−]i. These observations indicate that the activation of Cl− secretion stimulates ciliary beating (increased CBD) mediated via a decrease in [Cl−]i in cHNECs. Thus, [Cl−]i is critical for controlling ciliary beating in cHNECs. This review introduces the concept of Cl− regulation of ciliary beating in cHNECs.

scholarly journals PKA induces Ca2+ release and enhances ciliary beat frequency in a Ca2+-dependent and -independent manner

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (3) ◽  
pp. C790-C797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Braiman ◽  
Orna Zagoory ◽  
Zvi Priel
Keyword(s):  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Beat Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Activity ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Ciliary Beating ◽  
Independent Mechanism ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Ciliary Beat

The intent of this work was to evaluate the role of cAMP in regulation of ciliary activity in frog mucociliary epithelium and to examine the possibility of cross talk between the cAMP- and Ca2+-dependent pathways in that regulation. Forskolin and dibutyryl cAMP induced strong transient intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) elevation and strong ciliary beat frequency enhancement with prolonged stabilization at an elevated plateau. The response was not affected by reduction of extracellular Ca2+concentration. The elevation in [Ca2+]iwas canceled by pretreatment with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane- N, N, N′, N′-tetraacetic acid-AM, thapsigargin, and a phospholipase C inhibitor, U-73122. Under those experimental conditions, forskolin raised the beat frequency to a moderately elevated plateau, whereas the initial strong rise in frequency was completely abolished. All effects were canceled by H-89, a selective protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor. The results suggest a dual role for PKA in ciliary regulation. PKA releases Ca2+ from intracellular stores, strongly activating ciliary beating, and, concurrently, produces moderate prolonged enhancement of the beat frequency by a Ca2+-independent mechanism.

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