Aerobic exercise attenuates pulmonary inflammation induced by Streptococcus pneumoniae

2014 ◽  
Vol 117 (9) ◽  
pp. 998-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarice R. Olivo ◽  
Eliane N. Miyaji ◽  
Maria Leonor S. Oliveira ◽  
Francine M. Almeida ◽  
Juliana D. Lourenço ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells

Aerobic exercise has been recognized as a stimulator of the immune system, but its effect on bacterial infection has not been extensively evaluated. We studied whether moderate aerobic exercise training prior to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection influences pulmonary inflammatory responses. BALB/c mice were divided into four groups: Sedentary Untreated (sedentary without infection); Sedentary Infected (sedentary with infection); Trained Untreated (aerobic training without infection); and Trained Infected (aerobic training with infection). Animals underwent aerobic training for 4 wk, and 72 h after last exercise training, animals received a challenge with S. pneumoniae and were evaluated either 12 h or 10 days after instillation. In acute phase, Sedentary Infected group had an increase in respiratory system resistance and elastance; number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL); polymorphonuclear cells in lung parenchyma; and levels of keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)−1β (IL-1β) in lung homogenates. Exercise training significantly attenuated the increase in all of these parameters and induced an increase in expression of antioxidant enzymes (CuZnSOD and MnSOD) in lungs. Trained Infected mice had a significant decrease in the number of colony-forming units of pneumococci in the lungs compared with Sedentary Infected animals. Ten days after infection, Trained Infected group exhibited lower numbers of macrophages in BAL, polymorphonuclear cells in lung parenchyma and IL-6 in lung homogenates compared with Sedentary Infected group. Our results suggest a protective effect of moderate exercise training against respiratory infection with S. pneumoniae. This effect is most likely secondary to an effect of exercise on oxidant-antioxidant balance.

Abstract 12949: Aerobic Exercise After an ICD: Results of the 6 Month Follow-Up in the Anti-Arrhythmic Effects of Exercise After an ICD Trial

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia M Dougherty ◽  
Robb Glenny ◽  
Peter Kudenchuk ◽  
Robert Burr
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Function ◽  
Exercise Maintenance ◽  
Peak Vo2 ◽  
O2 Pulse

Introduction: The Anti-Arrhythmic Effects of Exercise Trial reported that aerobic exercise training for 8 weeks after an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) significantly improved the primary outcome of cardiopulmonary function without ICD shocks or adverse events. This is a report on the longer term outcomes at 24 weeks of exercise maintenance that was continued after aerobic training. Hypothesis: When 8 weeks of aerobic exercise training is followed by aerobic exercise maintenance (50% reduction in the amount of walking), cardiopulmonary function [peak VO2, EX time, VO2 at AT, O2 pulse, METS, Maximum HR] will be maintained without an increase in ICD shocks or hospitalizations. Methods: 160 subjects (80/group) with a prior ICD implant (40% primary and 60% secondary prevention), mean age 55 +12 years, 78% male, 84% Caucasian, 100% beta-blocked, and mean EF%=40%, entered a RCT comparing aerobic exercise to usual care (UC). At baseline, 8 and 24 weeks, participants completed cardiopulmonary exercise testing using a modified Balke treadmill protocol. Aerobic training= 8 weeks of home walking 1 hour/day on 5 days/week at 60-80% of maximum HR using the Karvonen formula, was followed by aerobic maintenance (EX)= 16 weeks of home walking for 150 min/week. ICD shocks and hospitalizations were verified with medical records. Analysis of variance was used to determine group x time effects on study outcomes. Results: Aerobic maintenance significantly increased peak VO2 ml/kg/min, p<0.000 (EX 26.9+7.7, UC 23.4+6.0), EX minutes, p<0.000 (EX 16:27+ 6:36; UC 13:24+4:33), VO2 at AT ml/kg/min, p=0.001 (EX 23.0+6.8; UC 19.8+5.8), O2 pulse p=0.01 (EX 18.7+5.5; UC 16.8+4.9), and METS, p<0.001 (EX 7.6+2.2; UC 6.7+1.8). Maximum HR was unchanged. The number of ICD shocks related to exercise was =1: 3 in UC and 1 in exercise received an ICD shock or ATP during follow-up. There were 11 hospitalizations in each group, none were related to exercise. Conclusions: Aerobic exercise maintenance for 16 weeks that followed aerobic exercise training for 8 weeks, maintained gains in cardiopulmonary function despite reducing the amount of walking by half (300 min vs. 150 min). Aerobic exercise in patients with an ICD is safe without increasing the number of ICD shocks or hospitalizations.

Inflammatory response to Streptococcus pneumoniae was attenuated by moderate aerobic exercise training

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamyres Castro ◽  
Roseane M. Laia ◽  
Luana D. Mendonça ◽  
Pietro Da Rocha Trindade ◽  
Jessica C. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training

scholarly journals The effects of 16-weeks of prebiotic supplementation and aerobic exercise training on inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, uremic toxins, and the microbiota in pre-dialysis kidney patients: a randomized controlled trial-protocol paper

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel A. Headley ◽  
Donna J. Chapman ◽  
Michael J. Germain ◽  
Elizabeth E. Evans ◽  
Jasmin Hutchinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by dysbiosis, elevated levels of uremic toxins, systemic inflammation, and increased markers of oxidative stress. These factors lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) which is common among CKD patients. Supplementation with high amylose maize resistant starch type 2 (RS-2) can change the composition of the gut microbiota, and reduce markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with end-stage renal disease. However, the impact of RS-2 supplementation has not been extensively studied in CKD patients not on dialysis. Aerobic exercise training lowers certain markers of inflammation in CKD patients. Whether combining aerobic training along with RS-2 supplementation has an additive effect on the aforementioned biomarkers in predialysis CKD patients has not been previously investigated. Methods The study is being conducted as a 16-week, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel arm, randomized controlled trial. Sixty stage 3–4 CKD patients (ages of 30–75 years) are being randomized to one of four groups: RS-2 & usual care, RS-2 & aerobic exercise, placebo (cornstarch) & usual care and placebo & exercise. Patients attend four testing sessions: Two baseline (BL) sessions with follow up visits 8 (wk8) and 16 weeks (wk16) later. Fasting blood samples, resting brachial and central blood pressures, and arterial stiffness are collected at BL, wk8 and wk16. A stool sample is collected for analysis of microbial composition and peak oxygen uptake is assessed at BL and wk16. Blood samples will be assayed for p-cresyl sulphate and indoxyl sulphate, c-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostanes F2a, endothelin-1 and nitrate/nitrite. Following BL, subjects are randomized to their group. Individuals randomized to conditions involving exercise will attend three supervised moderate intensity (55–65% peak oxygen uptake) aerobic training sessions (treadmills, bikes or elliptical machine) per week for 16 weeks. Discussion This study has the potential to yield information about the effect of RS-2 supplementation on key biomarkers believed to impact upon the development of CVD in patients with CKD. We are examining whether there is an additive effect of exercise training and RS-2 supplementation on these key variables. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov Trial registration#NCT03689569. 9/28/2018, retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Amelioration of Ambient Particulate Matter (PM2.5)-Induced Lung Injury in Rats by Aerobic Exercise Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Qin ◽  
Zhengzheng Fan ◽  
Minxiao Xu ◽  
Zhongwei Wang ◽  
Yanan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Ambient Particulate Matter ◽  
Histopathological Changes

Ambient particulate matter (PM2.5), as an inflammation-inducing factor, increases the prevalence of lung injury. The aim of this study was to examine the protective effect and mechanism of aerobic exercise on PM2.5 exposure-induced lung injury. Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: sedentary+PM2.5 exposure, exercise+PM2.5 exposure, sedentary, and exercise groups. All rats in the exercise-related groups underwent 8-week aerobic interval treadmill training (5daysweek−1, 1hday−1). PM-exposed rats were exposed to ambient PM2.5 (6h day−1) for 3weeks after the 8-week exercise intervention. Then, ventilation function, histopathological changes, and inflammation responses of pulmonary tissue were examined. Results showed that PM2.5 exposure induced lung injury as manifested by decreased pulmonary function, abnormal histopathological changes, and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (tumor necrosis factor-α and Interleukin-1α). Aerobic exercise alleviated the airway obstruction, reduced respiratory muscle strength, bronchial mucosal exfoliation, ultrastructure damage, and inflammatory responses induced by PM2.5 in exercise-related groups. The benefits of exercise were related with the downregulation of p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and the subsequent inhibition of the pathways of the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) product, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Thus, pre-exercise training may be an effective way to protect against PM2.5-induced lung inflammatory injury in rats.

Long-term aerobic exercise training in type two diabetic patients alters the expression of miRNA-223 and its corresponding target, the P2RY12 receptor, attenuating platelet function

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mahmoudreza Taghizadeh ◽  
Mehdi Kargarfard ◽  
Steffen Braune ◽  
Friedrich Jung ◽  
Mahmood Naderi
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Diabetic Patients

BACKGROUND: Type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients are prone to develop atherothrombotic events due to platelet hyper-reactivity stemming from platelet miRNA-223 down-regulation and over-expression of its corresponding target, P2RY12. OBJECTIVE: The study sought to determine the effects of long-term aerobic training on the expression levels of miRNA-223 and P2RY12 mRNA, and platelet function in T2DM patients. METHODS: Twenty-four patients with T2DM (age, 60.0±2.8 yrs.) were selected and randomly divided into two groups: aerobic exercise training (AET, n = 12) and control (CON, n = 12). The AET protocol was performed with moderate intensity for 12 weeks, while patients in the CON group followed their usual routine. Weight, body mass index (BMI), peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), lipid profile, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), platelet miRNA-223 and P2RY12 expression were measured before and after the period. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in body weight, BMI, VO2peak, FBG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR, after 12 weeks of AET (P <  0.01). Platelet aggregation decreased significantly after 12 weeks in the AET group compared with the CON (P <  0.001) group. Platelets’ miRNA-223 and P2RY12 were significantly up- and down-regulated after AET in comparison with the CON group (P <  0.05), respectively. Moreover, the relative expression of miRNA-223 and P2RY12 significantly correlated with FBG changes following the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that long-term moderate-intensity aerobic training might be effective for reducing the occurrence of atherothrombotic events leading to premature death in T2DM patients through the modulation of miRNA-223, P2RY12 receptor expression, and platelet function.

Age-Related Attenuation of Aerobic Exercise Training Adaptation in 24-Week Old Rats

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1916-P
Author(s):  
REBECCA L. SCALZO ◽  
GRAHAME F. EVANS ◽  
SARA E. HULL ◽  
LESLIE KNAUB ◽  
LORI A. WALKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Training Adaptation ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Old Rats

scholarly journals A 16-week aerobic exercise and mindfulness-based intervention on chronic psychosocial stress: a pilot and feasibility study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy A. Prochilo ◽  
Ricardo J.S. Costa ◽  
Craig Hassed ◽  
Richard Chambers ◽  
Pascal Molenberghs
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
Trial Registration ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Definitive Trial ◽  
Chronic Psychosocial Stress

Abstract Objectives Researchers have begun delivering mindfulness and aerobic exercise training concurrently on the premise that a combination intervention will yield salutary outcomes over and above each intervention alone. An estimate of the effect of combination training on chronic psychosocial stress in a nonclinical population has not been established. The objective of this study was to establish protocol feasibility in preparation of a definitive RCT targeting healthy individuals, and to explore the preliminary effect of combination training on reducing chronic psychosocial stress in this population. Methods Twenty-four participants were allocated to a single-arm pre-post study and subjected to 16 weeks of concurrent mindfulness psychoeducation and aerobic exercise training. Feasibility criteria were collected and evaluated. Within-group changes in chronic psychosocial stress, mindfulness, emotion regulation, and cardiorespiratory fitness were also assessed. Primary analyses were based on 17 participants. Results Retention rate, response rate, recruitment rate, and sample size analyses indicate a definitive trial is feasible for detecting most effects with precision. There was also a decline in our primary dependent measure of chronic psychosocial stress (dpretest = −0.56, 95% CI [ −1.14,−0.06]). With regard to secondary measures, there was an increase in the use of cognitive reappraisal, and a reduction in use of maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. We are insufficiently confident to comment on changes in mindfulness and aerobic capacity $\left (\dot {V}O_{2max}\right)$ V ̇ O 2 max . However, there were subgroup improvements in aerobic economy at submaximal exercise intensities. Conclusions We recommend a definitive trial is feasible and should proceed. Trial registration ANZCTR (ID: ACTRN12619001726145). Retrospectively registered December 9, 2019.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document