Midfrontal conflict-related theta-band power reflects neural oscillations that predict behavior

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (12) ◽  
pp. 2752-2763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael X Cohen ◽  
Tobias H. Donner
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Neural Population ◽  
Neural Oscillations ◽  
Theta Band ◽  
Population Activity ◽  
Theta Power ◽  
Related Potentials

Action monitoring and conflict resolution require the rapid and flexible coordination of activity in multiple brain regions. Oscillatory neural population activity may be a key physiological mechanism underlying such rapid and flexible network coordination. EEG power modulations of theta-band (4–8 Hz) activity over the human midfrontal cortex during response conflict have been proposed to reflect neural oscillations that support conflict detection and resolution processes. However, it has remained unclear whether this frequency-band-specific activity reflects neural oscillations or nonoscillatory responses (i.e., event-related potentials). Here, we show that removing the phase-locked component of the EEG did not reduce the strength of the conflict-related modulation of the residual (i.e., non-phase-locked) theta power over midfrontal cortex. Furthermore, within-subject regression analyses revealed that the non-phase-locked theta power was a significantly better predictor of the conflict condition than was the time-domain phase-locked EEG component. Finally, non-phase-locked theta power showed robust and condition-specific (high- vs. low-conflict) cross-trial correlations with reaction time, whereas the phase-locked component did not. Taken together, our results indicate that most of the conflict-related and behaviorally relevant midfrontal EEG signal reflects a modulation of ongoing theta-band oscillations that occurs during the decision process but is not phase-locked to the stimulus or to the response.

Effect of Perospirone on p300 Electrophysiological Activity and Social Cognition in Schizophrenia: A Three-dimensional Analysis with (s)loreta

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
T. Sumiyoshi ◽  
Y. Higuchi ◽  
T. Itoh ◽  
M. Matsui ◽  
H. Arai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Electrophysiological Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Related Potentials

The purpose of this study was to determine if perospirone, a second generation antipsychotic drug and partial agonist at serotonin-5-HT1A receptors, enhances electrophysiological activity, such as event-related potentials (ERPs), in frontal brain regions, as well as cognitive function in subjects with schizophrenia. P300 current source images were obtained by means of standardized low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) before and after treatment with perospirone for 6 months. Perospirone significantly increased P300 current source density in the left superior frontal gyrus, and improved positive symptoms and performance on the script tasks, a measure of verbal social cognition. Perospirone also tended to enhance verbal learning memory in patients with schizophrenia. There was a significant correlation between the changes in P300 amplitudes on the left frontal lead and those in social cognition. These results suggest the changes in three-dimensional distribution of cortical activity, as demonstrated by sLORETA, may mediate some of the actions of antipsychotic drugs. the distinct cognition-enhancing profile of perospirone may be related to its actions on 5-HT1A receptors.

scholarly journals Electrophysiological differences in older and younger adults’ anaphoric but not cataphoric pronoun processing in the absence of age-related behavioural slowdown

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seçkin Arslan ◽  
Katerina Palasis ◽  
Fanny Meunier
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Memory Span ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Anterior Negativity

Abstract This study reports on an event-related potentials experiment to uncover whether per-millisecond electrophysiological brain activity and analogous behavioural responses are age-sensitive when comprehending anaphoric (referent-first) and cataphoric (pronoun-first) pronouns. Two groups of French speakers were recruited (young n = 18; aged 19–35 and older adults n = 15; aged 57–88) to read sentences where the anaphoric/cataphoric pronouns and their potential referents either matched or mismatched in gender. Our findings indicate that (1) the older adults were not less accurate or slower in their behavioural responses to the mismatches than the younger adults, (2) both anaphoric and cataphoric conditions evoked a central/parietally distributed P600 component with similar timing and amplitude in both the groups. Importantly, mean amplitudes of the P600 effect were modulated by verbal short-term memory span in the older adults but not in the younger adults, (3) nevertheless, the older but not the younger adults displayed an additional anterior negativity emerging on the frontal regions in response to the anaphoric mismatches. These results suggest that pronoun processing is resilient in healthy ageing individuals, but that functional recruitment of additional brain regions, evidenced with the anterior negativity, compensates for increased processing demands in the older adults’ anaphora processing.

scholarly journals Who Comes First? The Role of the Prefrontal and Parietal Cortex in Cognitive Control

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1367-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Brass ◽  
Markus Ullsperger ◽  
Thomas R. Knoesche ◽  
D. Yves von Cramon ◽  
Natalie A. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Cortical Region ◽  
Task Set ◽  
Related Potentials

Cognitive control processes enable us to adjust our behavior to changing environmental demands. Although neuropsychological studies suggest that the critical cortical region for cognitive control is the prefrontal cortex, neuro-imaging studies have emphasized the interplay of prefrontal and parietal cortices. This raises the fundamental question about the different contributions of prefrontal and parietal areas in cognitive control. It was assumed that the prefrontal cortex biases processing in posterior brain regions. This assumption leads to the hypothesis that neural activity in the prefrontal cortex should precede parietal activity in cognitive control. The present study tested this assumption by combining results from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) providing high spatial resolution and event-related potentials (ERPs) to gain high temporal resolution. We collected ERP data using a modified task-switching paradigm. In this paradigm, a situation where the same task was indicated by two different cues was compared with a situation where two cues indicated different tasks. Only the latter condition required updating of the task set. Task-set updating was associated with a midline negative ERP deflection peaking around 470 msec. We placed dipoles in regions activated in a previous fMRI study that used the same paradigm (left inferior frontal junction, right inferior frontal gyrus, right parietal cortex) and fitted their directions and magnitudes to the ERP effect. The frontal dipoles contributed to the ERP effect earlier than the parietal dipole, providing support for the view that the prefrontal cortex is involved in updating of general task representations and biases relevant stimulus-response associations in the parietal cortex.

Event-related potentials and neural oscillations dissociate levels of cognitive control

2017 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 154-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingou Lu ◽  
Nuria Doñamayor ◽  
Thomas F. Münte ◽  
Jörg Bahlmann
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Neural Oscillations ◽  
Related Potentials

Signal Informatics as an Advanced Integrative Concept in the Framework of Medical Informatics

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (01) ◽  
pp. 18-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ungureanu ◽  
C. Ligges ◽  
D. Hemmelmann ◽  
T. Wüstenberg ◽  
J. Reichenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Medical Informatics ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Directed Information ◽  
Integrative Concept ◽  
Processing Steps

Summary Objectives: The main objective is to show current topics and future trends in the field of medical signal processing which are derived from current research concepts. Signal processing as an integrative concept within the scope of medical informatics is demonstrated. Methods: For all examples time-variant multivariate autoregressive models were used. Based on this modeling, the concept of Granger causality in terms of the time-variant Granger causality index and the time-variant partial directed coherence was realized to investigate directed information transfer between different brain regions. Results: Signal informatics encompasses several diverse domains including: processing steps, methodologies, levels and subject fields, and applications. Five trends can be recognized and in order to illustrate these trends, three analysis strategies derived from current neuroscientific studies are presented. These examples comprise high-dimensional fMRI and EEG data. In the first example, the quantification of time-variant-directed information transfer between activated brain regions on the basis of fast-fMRI data is introduced and discussed. The second example deals with the investigation of differences in word processing between dyslexic and normal reading children. Different dynamic neural networks of the directed information transfer are identified on the basis of event-related potentials. The third example shows time-variant cortical connectivity networks derived from a source model. Conclusions: These examples strongly emphasize the integrative nature of signal informatics, encompassing processing steps, methodologies, levels and subject fields, and applications.

scholarly journals Exploring EEG Characteristics to Identify Emotional Reactions under Videogame Scenarios

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Laura Martínez-Tejada ◽  
Alex Puertas-González ◽  
Natsue Yoshimura ◽  
Yasuharu Koike
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Classification Performance ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Theta Band ◽  
Beta Band ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Arousal And Valence

In this article we present the study of electroencephalography (EEG) traits for emotion recognition process using a videogame as a stimuli tool, and considering two different kind of information related to emotions: arousal–valence self-assesses answers from participants, and game events that represented positive and negative emotional experiences under the videogame context. We performed a statistical analysis using Spearman’s correlation between the EEG traits and the emotional information. We found that EEG traits had strong correlation with arousal and valence scores; also, common EEG traits with strong correlations, belonged to the theta band of the central channels. Then, we implemented a regression algorithm with feature selection to predict arousal and valence scores using EEG traits. We achieved better result for arousal regression, than for valence regression. EEG traits selected for arousal and valence regression belonged to time domain (standard deviation, complexity, mobility, kurtosis, skewness), and frequency domain (power spectral density—PDS, and differential entropy—DE from theta, alpha, beta, gamma, and all EEG frequency spectrum). Addressing game events, we found that EEG traits related with the theta, alpha and beta band had strong correlations. In addition, distinctive event-related potentials where identified in the presence of both types of game events. Finally, we implemented a classification algorithm to discriminate between positive and negative events using EEG traits to identify emotional information. We obtained good classification performance using only two traits related with frequency domain on the theta band and on the full EEG spectrum.

scholarly journals Brain Processing of Complex Geometric Forms in a Visual Memory Task Increases P2 Amplitude

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Héctor A. Cepeda-Freyre ◽  
Gregorio Garcia-Aguilar ◽  
Jose R. Eguibar ◽  
Carmen Cortes
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Related Potentials

We study the cognitive processing of visual working memory in three different conditions of memory load and configuration change. Altering this features has been shown to alter the brain’s processing in memory tasks. Most studies dealing with this issue have used the verbal-phonological modality. We use complex geometric polygons to assess visual working memory in a modified change detection task. Three different types of backgrounds were used to manipulate memory loading and 18 complex geometric polygons to manipulate stimuli configuration. The goal of our study was to test whether the memory load and configuration affect the correct-recall ratios. We expected that increasing visual items loading and changing configuration of items would induce differences in working memory performance. Brain activity related to the task was assessed through event-related potentials (ERP), during the test phase of each trial. Our results showed that visual items loading and changing of item configuration affect working memory on test phase on ERP component P2, but does not affect performance. However frontal related ERP component—P3—was minimally affected by visual memory loading or configuration changing, supporting that working memory is related to a filtering processing in posterior brain regions.

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