Dynamics and cortical distribution of neural responses to 2D and 3D motion in human

The perception of motion-in-depth is important for avoiding collisions and for the control of vergence eye-movements and other motor actions. Previous psychophysical studies have suggested that sensitivity to motion-in-depth has a lower temporal processing limit than the perception of lateral motion. The present study used functional MRI-informed EEG source-imaging to study the spatiotemporal properties of the responses to lateral motion and motion-in-depth in human visual cortex. Lateral motion and motion-in-depth displays comprised stimuli whose only difference was interocular phase: monocular oscillatory motion was either in-phase in the two eyes (lateral motion) or in antiphase (motion-in-depth). Spectral analysis was used to break the steady-state visually evoked potentials responses down into even and odd harmonic components within five functionally defined regions of interest: V1, V4, lateral occipital complex, V3A, and hMT+. We also characterized the responses within two anatomically defined regions: the inferior and superior parietal cortex. Even harmonic components dominated the evoked responses and were a factor of approximately two larger for lateral motion than motion-in-depth. These responses were slower for motion-in-depth and were largely independent of absolute disparity. In each of our regions of interest, responses at odd-harmonics were relatively small, but were larger for motion-in-depth than lateral motion, especially in parietal cortex, and depended on absolute disparity. Taken together, our results suggest a plausible neural basis for reduced psychophysical sensitivity to rapid motion-in-depth.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Neural basis of a perceptual decision in the parietal cortex (area LIP) of the rhesus monkey.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1001494.23207 ◽

2001 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiao-Jing Wang

Keyword(s):

Rhesus Monkey ◽

Parietal Cortex ◽

Neural Basis ◽

Perceptual Decision ◽

Cortex Area

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Automated EEG source imaging: A retrospective, blinded clinical validation study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.734143825.793565898 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Christoph Baumgartner

Keyword(s):

Validation Study ◽

Clinical Validation ◽

Source Imaging ◽

Eeg Source Imaging

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EEG Source Imaging (ESI) utility in clinical practice

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik ◽

10.1515/bmt-2019-0128 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (6) ◽

pp. 673-682

Author(s):

Pegah Khosropanah ◽

Eric Tatt-Wei Ho ◽

Kheng-Seang Lim ◽

Si-Lei Fong ◽

Minh-An Thuy Le ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Focal Epilepsy ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Head Model ◽

Computational Technique ◽

Epileptogenic Zone ◽

Clinical Tool ◽

Source Imaging ◽

Localization Accuracy ◽

Eeg Source Imaging ◽

Surgical Evaluation

AbstractEpilepsy surgery is an important treatment modality for medically refractory focal epilepsy. The outcome of surgery usually depends on the localization accuracy of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) during pre-surgical evaluation. Good localization can be achieved with various electrophysiological and neuroimaging approaches. However, each approach has its own merits and limitations. Electroencephalography (EEG) Source Imaging (ESI) is an emerging model-based computational technique to localize cortical sources of electrical activity within the brain volume, three-dimensionally. ESI based pre-surgical evaluation gives an overall clinical yield of 73–91%, depending on choice of head model, inverse solution and EEG electrode density. It is a cost effective, non-invasive method which provides valuable additional information in presurgical evaluation due to its high localizing value specifically in MRI-negative cases, extra or basal temporal lobe epilepsy, multifocal lesions such as tuberous sclerosis or cases with multiple hypotheses. Unfortunately, less than 1% of surgical centers in developing countries use this method as a part of pre-surgical evaluation. This review promotes ESI as a useful clinical tool especially for patients with lesion-negative MRI to determine EZ cost-effectively with high accuracy under the optimized conditions.

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The Neural Basis of Reversible Sentence Comprehension: Evidence from Voxel-based Lesion Symptom Mapping in Aphasia

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn_a_00118 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 212-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

Malathi Thothathiri ◽

Daniel Y. Kimberg ◽

Myrna F. Schwartz

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Parietal Cortex ◽

Sentence Comprehension ◽

Critical Role ◽

Broca's Area ◽

Neural Basis ◽

Phonological Working Memory ◽

Large Group ◽

Complex Sentences ◽

Lesion Symptom Mapping

We explored the neural basis of reversible sentence comprehension in a large group of aphasic patients (n = 79). Voxel-based lesion symptom mapping revealed a significant association between damage in temporo-parietal cortex and impaired sentence comprehension. This association remained after we controlled for phonological working memory. We hypothesize that this region plays an important role in the thematic or what–where processing of sentences. In contrast, we detected weak or no association between reversible sentence comprehension and the ventrolateral pFC, which includes Broca's area, even for syntactically complex sentences. This casts doubt on theories that presuppose a critical role for this region in syntactic computations.

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ConvDip: A convolutional neural network for better M/EEG Source Imaging

10.1101/2020.04.09.033506 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lukas Hecker ◽

Rebekka Rupprecht ◽

Ludger Tebartz van Elst ◽

Juergen Kornmeier

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Inverse Problem ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Clinical Diagnostics ◽

Dipole Model ◽

Source Imaging ◽

Eeg Source Imaging ◽

Eeg Data ◽

Inverse Solutions

AbstractEEG and MEG are well-established non-invasive methods in neuroscientific research and clinical diagnostics. Both methods provide a high temporal but low spatial resolution of brain activity. In order to gain insight about the spatial dynamics of the M/EEG one has to solve the inverse problem, which means that more than one configuration of neural sources can evoke one and the same distribution of EEG activity on the scalp. Artificial neural networks have been previously used successfully to find either one or two dipoles sources. These approaches, however, have never solved the inverse problem in a distributed dipole model with more than two dipole sources. We present ConvDip, a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture that solves the EEG inverse problem in a distributed dipole model based on simulated EEG data. We show that (1) ConvDip learned to produce inverse solutions from a single time point of EEG data and (2) outperforms state-of-the-art methods (eLORETA and LCMV beamforming) on all focused performance measures. (3) It is more flexible when dealing with varying number of sources, produces less ghost sources and misses less real sources than the comparison methods. (4) It produces plausible inverse solutions for real-world EEG recordings and needs less than 40 ms for a single forward pass. Our results qualify ConvDip as an efficient and easy-to-apply novel method for source localization in EEG and MEG data, with high relevance for clinical applications, e.g. in epileptology and real time applications.

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Influence of Patient-Specific Head Modeling on EEG Source Imaging

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/5076865 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Yohan Céspedes-Villar ◽

Juan David Martinez-Vargas ◽

G. Castellanos-Dominguez

Keyword(s):

Neurological Diseases ◽

Structural Data ◽

Problem Formulation ◽

Patient Specific ◽

Source Imaging ◽

Eeg Source Imaging ◽

Deep Sources ◽

The Individual ◽

Tissue Compartments ◽

The Brain

Electromagnetic source imaging (ESI) techniques have become one of the most common alternatives for understanding cognitive processes in the human brain and for guiding possible therapies for neurological diseases. However, ESI accuracy strongly depends on the forward model capabilities to accurately describe the subject’s head anatomy from the available structural data. Attempting to improve the ESI performance, we enhance the brain structure model within the individual-defined forward problem formulation, combining the head geometry complexity of the modeled tissue compartments and the prior knowledge of the brain tissue morphology. We validate the proposed methodology using 25 subjects, from which a set of magnetic-resonance imaging scans is acquired, extracting the anatomical priors and an electroencephalography signal set needed for validating the ESI scenarios. Obtained results confirm that incorporating patient-specific head models enhances the performed accuracy and improves the localization of focal and deep sources.

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