scholarly journals Comparison of Synchrotron X-Ray Microanalysis with Electron and Proton Microscopy for Individual Particle Analysis

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (B) ◽  
pp. 1265-1273
Author(s):  
K.H. Janssens ◽  
F. van Langevelde ◽  
F.C. Adams ◽  
R.D. Vis ◽  
S.R. Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characterization ◽  
Individual Particle Analysis ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A considerable number of the elements and a profusion of organic compounds are emitted into the atmosphere in association with solid and liquid particles. More than 50 percent of all air pollutants are preferentially present in particulate matter rather than in the gas phase. The assessment of the potential environmental and toxic effects of particulate matter in the atmosphere requires a detailed physical and chemical characterization. Methods for analyzing aerosols have recently been extensively reviewed by Maenhaut.

Characterization of Solids in Residual Wastes from Underground Storage Tanks at the Hanford Site, Washington, U.S.A.

2006 ◽  
Vol 985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Michael Krupka ◽  
William J. Deutsch ◽  
H. Todd Schaef ◽  
Bruce W. Arey ◽  
Steve M. Heald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Hanford Site ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Limited Series ◽  
Oxide Phases ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSolid phase physical and chemical characterization methods have been used in an ongoing study of residual wastes from several single-shell underground waste tanks at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State. Because these wastes are highly-radioactive dispersible powders and are chemically-complex assemblages of crystalline and amorphous solids that contain contaminants as discrete phases and/or co-precipitated within oxide phases, their detailed characterization offers an extraordinary technical challenge. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) are the two principal methods used, along with a limited series of analyses by synchrotron-based methods, to characterize solid phases and their contaminant associations in these wastes. Depending on the specific tank, numerous solids (e.g., èejkaite; Na2U2O7; clarkeite; gibbsite; böhmite; dawsonite; cancrinite; Fe oxides such as hematite, goethite, and maghemite; rhodochrosite; lindbergite; whewellite; nitratine; and several amorphous phases) have been identified in residual wastes studied to date. Because many contaminants of concern are heavy elements, SEM analysis using the backscattered electron (BSE) signal has proved invaluable in distinguishing phases containing elements, such as U and Hg, within the complex assemblage of particles that make up each waste. XRD, SEM/EDS, and synchrotron-based methods provide different, but complimentary characterization data about the morphologies, crystallinity, particle sizes, surface coatings, and compositions of phases in these wastes. The impact of these techniques is magnified when each is used in an iterative fashion to help interpret the results from the other analysis methods and identify additional, more focused analyses.

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Improvement of Clay Parameters Using Doped Marl with the Pozzolan in Fez Vicnity (Morocco)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 283-293
Author(s):  
Laila Mesrar ◽  
Ahmed Banamar ◽  
Mariam Akdim ◽  
Raouf Jabrane
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Industry ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Geochemical Analysis ◽  
Geotechnical Investigation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characterization ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Abstract Given the increasing exploitation of clay in Morocco for ceramic industry and for the purpose of the benefit reuse of this resource, a study is conducted in order to carry out the identification and characterization of Miocene clay after doping with pozzolan. The objective of this work is to improve the physicalchemical characteristics of Miocene clay of Fez region, by doping it pozzolan at different contents: 5, 10, 15 and 20%. Physical and chemical characterization of this clay was carried out before and after doping with pozzolan following various analytical technics, such as the X- ray fluorescence and geotechnical investigation. The result of geochemical analysis showed a higher rate of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), iron oxide (Fe2O3) and titanium oxide (TiO2). Further characterization of Atterberg limits have shown that the plasticity of doped materials increases. Similarly the mechanical behaviour of marls doped with pozzolan have significantly improved, providing a mechanical strength of obtained materials up to 670N when firing at 1000 °C, compared to the raw marls.

Physical and Chemical Characterization of Raw and Mechanochemically Treated Humine and Humic Acid from Brown Coals

2015 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Karabaev ◽  
A. Kharchenko ◽  
I. Lokshina ◽  
I. Gainullina ◽  
A. Dzhunushalieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Perchloric Acid ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characterization ◽  
Brown Coals ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Morphology Of Surface

Comparable analysis of the morphology of surface, IR-spectra and X-ray spectroscopy of source and mechanochemical dispersed samples of humic acid and humine of Kara-Keche coal has been made. Selective adsorption of ferricinium cation from water solutions of perchloric acid on the source and mechanochemical dispersed samples of humic acid and humine of Kara-Keche coal has been established.

Freeze-dried dispersions for automated SEM analysis of individual submicron airborne particulates

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 408-409
Author(s):  
Karen A. Katrinak ◽  
David W. Brekke ◽  
John P. Hurley
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Individual Particle ◽  
Chemical Data ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Bulk Analysis ◽  
Airborne Particulates ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Individual Particle Analysis

Individual-particle analysis is well established as an alternative to bulk analysis of airborne particulates. It yields size and chemical data on a particle-by-particle basis, information that is critical in predicting the behavior of air pollutants. Individual-particle analysis is especially important for particles with diameter < 1 μm, because particles in this size range have a disproportionately large effect on atmospheric visibility and health.

Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Biosynthesised Silver and Gold Nanoparticles for Medical Applications: Mechanism of Action, Toxicity and Current Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundos Suleman Ismail Abdalla ◽  
Haliza Katas ◽  
Fazren Azmi ◽  
Mohd Fauzi Mh Busra
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Silver And Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characterization ◽  
Biosynthesized Agnps ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Bio Synthesis

Fast progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology has contributed to the way in which people diagnose, combat, and overcome various diseases differently from the conventional methods. Metal nanoparticles, mainly silver and gold nanoparticles (AgNPs and AuNPs, respectively), are currently developed for many applications in the medical and pharmaceutical area including as antibacterial, antibiofilm as well as anti-leshmanial agents, drug delivery systems, diagnostics tools, as well as being included in personal care products and cosmetics. In this review, the preparation of AgNPs and AuNPs using different methods is discussed, particularly the green or bio- synthesis method as well as common methods used for their physical and chemical characterization. In addition, the mechanisms of the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of AgNPs and AuNPs are discussed, along with the toxicity of both nanoparticles. The review will provide insight into the potential of biosynthesized AgNPs and AuNPs as antimicrobial nanomaterial agents for future use.

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