scholarly journals Number 3: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease -- Stopping Smoking: It is Never Too Late

2000 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-228
Author(s):  
Douglas MC Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Smoking is the main cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and the function of the lungs in smokers deteriorates with time at a much faster rate than in nonsmokers or ex-smokers. Smokers with chronic lung disease can often function better, breathe more easily and cough less, just by stopping smoking. They require less medication (puffers, etc) and the deterioration of lung function is slowed. Within 24 h, the amount of carbon monoxide in the lungs and blood returns to normal, allowing more oxygen to supply body functions.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Davey ◽  
Sherif Gonem ◽  
Salman Siddiqui ◽  
David Sprigings
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Response ◽  
Global Initiative

The Global Initiative for Chronic Lung Disease (GOLD) states that ‘chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a common preventable and treatable disease, is characterised by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and is associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response in the airways and the lung to noxious particles and gases. Exacerbations and comorbidities contribute to the overall severity in individual patients.’

scholarly journals Profile and preliminary results of Iranian sub cohort chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Shahrekord PERSIAN cohort in southwest Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Zeynab Kiani ◽  
Ali Ahmadi ◽  
Akbar Soleymani Babadi ◽  
Hamid Rouhi
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Epidemiological Research ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southwestern Iran

AbstractBackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic and complex respiratory disorder associated with airflow limitation and increased inflammatory response of the lungs to harmful particles. The purpose of this original study was to describe the results and profile of the Shahrekord Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN) regarding COPD in southwestern Iran.MethodsThis study of asthma and respiratory diseases is a subcohort of the more extensive cohort study, i.e., Shahrekord PERSIAN cohort, a population-based prospective study on people aged 35–70 years in southwestern Iran (n = 10,075). The sample size of the subcohort was 8500 people. Annual follow-ups (person-year) of the cohort were designed to be conducted up to 2036. The instruments to collect data on various exposures were derived from the questionnaires previously developed in extensive multinational studies (occupational exposures, smoking, housing status, and fuel consumption, history of respiratory and chronic diseases, comorbidity, etc.). The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) and the lower limit of normal (LLN) spirometric criteria were used to confirm COPD diagnosis.ResultsThe response rate was 93.85%. The mean age of the participants was 49.48 ± 9.32; 47.9% were male, and 52.9% were female; nearly 16% of the population was current smokers; the fuel used by most of the participants for heating the house and cooking was gas. The most common comorbidity among participants was dyslipidemia; 30% of people have three or more comorbidities. According to GOLD and LLN criteria, the Prevalence of COPD was 3.6% and 8.4%, respectively. 4.3% of the participants had a history of chronic lung disease. The group of subjects with COPD had higher mean age, fewer years of schooling, a higher percentage of smokers with a smoking history of 10 or more pack years. 4.6% of patients had a history of chronic lung disease, 17.6% had a history of asthma in childhood, and 5.2% had a family history of respiratory and pulmonary diseases.ConclusionEpidemiological research is necessary to create an appropriate framework to fight COPD. This framework requires a better description of men and women at risk of developing COPD and describing people with early-stage illnesses.

Screening of High-risk Patients for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Primary Care: A Narrative Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ponrathi Athilingam ◽  
Andrew Bugajski ◽  
Usha Menon
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Impaired Lung Function ◽  
Risk Patients

UNSTRUCTURED Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) predominantly affects older adults, and claimed 3 million lives in 2016, making it the third leading cause of death worldwide. Over 35 million Americans aged 40 or older have lung function consistent with diagnosable COPD. COPD and cardiovascular disease (CVD) have a bidirectional relationship, in that one is a risk factor for developing the other. National and international consortiums recommend early screening of adults at risk of COPD, such as those with CVD. Recommended screening strategies include screening tools to assess symptoms, medical history, and handheld spirometry. Handheld spirometry has high diagnostic accuracy and if impaired lung function is indicated, these patients are referred for pulmonary function testing (PFT), the diagnostic gold standard for COPD. However, there is no clinical consensus for pulmonary screening in people with CVD. Current knowledge relating to the prevalence and incidence of CVD in people with COPD and the mechanisms that underlie their coexistence is key in combating the global burden of COPD.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of gas exchange response to lung volume reduction surgery in severe emphysema

2011 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 1036-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Cremona ◽  
Joan A. Barbara ◽  
Teresa Melgosa ◽  
Lorenzo Appendini ◽  
Josep Roca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Lung Volume Reduction Surgery ◽  
Lung Volume Reduction ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) improves lung function, respiratory symptoms, and exercise tolerance in selected patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, who have heterogeneous emphysema. However, the reported effects of LVRS on gas exchange are variable, even when lung function is improved. To clarify how LVRS affects gas exchange in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 23 patients were studied before LVRS, 14 of whom were again studied afterwards. We performed measurements of lung mechanics, pulmonary hemodynamics, and ventilation-perfusion (V̇a/Q̇) inequality using the multiple inert-gas elimination technique. LVRS improved arterial Po2 (PaO2) by a mean of 6 Torr ( P = 0.04), with no significant effect on arterial Pco2 (PaCO2), but with great variability in both. Lung mechanical properties improved considerably more than did gas exchange. Post-LVRS PaO2 depended mostly on its pre-LVRS value, whereas improvement in PaO2 was explained mostly by improved V̇a/Q̇ inequality, with lesser contributions from both increased ventilation and higher mixed venous Po2. However, no index of lung mechanical properties correlated with PaO2. Conversely, post-LVRS PaCO2 bore no relationship to its pre-LVRS value, whereas changes in PaCO2 were tightly related ( r2 = 0.96) to variables, reflecting decrease in static lung hyperinflation (intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure and residual volume/total lung capacity) and increase in airflow potential (tidal volume and maximal inspiratory pressure), but not to V̇a/Q̇ distribution changes. Individual gas exchange responses to LVRS vary greatly, but can be explained by changes in combinations of determining variables that are different for oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Serum heavy metals and lung function in a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease cohort

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeongwon Heo ◽  
Hyun Sun Park ◽  
Yoonki Hong ◽  
Jinkyeong Park ◽  
Seok-Ho Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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