HLA-B∗57 and Gender Influence the Occurrence of Tuberculosis in HIV Infected People of South India

Background. Substantial evidence exists for HLA and other host genetic factors being determinants of susceptibility or resistance to infectious diseases. However, very little information is available on the role of host genetic factors in HIV-TB coinfection. Hence, a longitudinal study was undertaken to investigate HLA associations in a cohort of HIV seropositive individuals with and without TB in Bangalore, South India.Methods. A cohort of 238 HIV seropositive subjects were typed for HLA-A, B, and DR by PCR-SSP and followed up for 5 years or till manifestation of Tuberculosis. HLA data of 682 HIV Negative healthy renal donors was used as control.Results. The ratio of males and females in HIV cohort was comparable (50.4% and 49.6%). But the incidence of TB was markedly lower in females (12.6%,) than males (25.6%). Further, HLA-B*57 frequency in HIV cohort was significantly higher among females without TB (21.6%, 19/88) than males (1.7%, 1/59);P=0.0046;OR=38. CD4 counts also were higher among females in this cohort.Conclusion. This study suggests that HIV positive women with HLA-B*57 have less occurrence of TB as compared to males.

Download Full-text

The Role of Host Genetic Factors in Coronavirus Susceptibility: Review of Animal and Systematic Review of Human Literature

The American Journal of Human Genetics ◽

10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.08.007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 107 (3) ◽

pp. 381-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Marissa LoPresti ◽

David B. Beck ◽

Priya Duggal ◽

Derek A.T. Cummings ◽

Benjamin D. Solomon

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Host Genetic ◽

Host Genetic Factors

Download Full-text

The COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative, a global initiative to elucidate the role of host genetic factors in susceptibility and severity of the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic

European Journal of Human Genetics ◽

10.1038/s41431-020-0636-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 715-718 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Genetic Factors ◽

Host Genetics ◽

Host Genetic ◽

Global Initiative ◽

Host Genetic Factors

Download Full-text

Genetic Susceptibility to Chagas Disease: An Overview about the Infection and about the Association between Disease and the Immune Response Genes

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/284729 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Christiane Maria Ayo ◽

Márcia Machado de Oliveira Dalalio ◽

Jeane Eliete Laguila Visentainer ◽

Pâmela Guimarães Reis ◽

Emília Ângela Sippert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Chagas Disease ◽

Chronic Infection ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Clinical Course ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Severity Of Disease ◽

Host Genetic ◽

Host Genetic Factors

Chagas disease, which is caused by the flagellate parasiteTrypanosoma cruzi, affects 8–10 million people in Latin America. The disease is endemic and is characterised by acute and chronic phases that develop in the indeterminate, cardiac, and/or gastrointestinal forms. The immune response during humanT. cruziinfection is not completely understood, despite its role in driving the development of distinct clinical manifestations of chronic infection. Polymorphisms in genes involved in the innate and specific immune response are being widely studied in order to clarify their possible role in the occurrence or severity of disease. Here we review the role of classic and nonclassic MHC,KIR, and cytokine host genetic factors on the infection byT. cruziand the clinical course of Chagas disease.

Download Full-text

Genetic aspects of inflammation and cancer

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj20071341 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 410 (2) ◽

pp. 225-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Georgina L. Hold ◽

M. Emad El-Omar

Keyword(s):

Chronic Inflammation ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Signalling Pathways ◽

Neoplastic Progression ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Host Genetic ◽

Host Genetic Factors ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Chronic inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of most common cancers. The aetiology of the inflammation is varied and includes microbial, chemical and physical agents. The chronically inflamed milieu is awash with pro-inflammatory cytokines and is characterized by the activation of signalling pathways that cross-talk between inflammation and carcinogenesis. Many of the factors involved in chronic inflammation play a dual role in the process, promoting neoplastic progression but also facilitating cancer prevention. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular and cellular inflammatory mechanisms involved is vital for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies against cancer. The purpose of the present review is to evaluate the mechanistic pathways that underlie chronic inflammation and cancer with particular emphasis on the role of host genetic factors that increase the risk of carcinogenesis.

Download Full-text

Role of Host Genetic Factors in the Outcome of Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v1020104 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 104-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Bertram Bengsch ◽

Robert Thimme ◽

Hubert Blum

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽

Host Genetic ◽

Host Genetic Factors

Download Full-text

Genetic Susceptibility of the Host in Virus-Induced Diabetes

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8081133 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 1133

Author(s):

Keiichiro Mine ◽

Yasunobu Yoshikai ◽

Hirokazu Takahashi ◽

Hitoe Mori ◽

Keizo Anzai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Genetic Susceptibility ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Target Genes ◽

Host Genetic ◽

Coxsackie B Viruses ◽

Host Genetic Factors ◽

Coxsackie B

Enteroviruses, especially Coxsackie B viruses, are among the candidate environmental factors causative of type 1 diabetes. Host genetic factors have an impact on the development of virus-induced diabetes (VID). Host background, in terms of whether the host is prone to autoimmunity, should also be considered when analyzing the role of target genes in VID. In this review, we describe the genetic susceptibility of the host based on studies in humans and VID animal models. Understanding the host genetic factors should contribute not only to revealing the mechanisms of VID development, but also in taking measures to prevent VID.

Download Full-text

The role of host genetic factors and host immunity in necrotic enteritis

Avian Pathology ◽

10.1080/03079457.2016.1154503 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 313-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Sung T. Oh ◽

Hyun S. Lillehoj

Keyword(s):

Genetic Factors ◽

Host Immunity ◽

Necrotic Enteritis ◽

Host Genetic ◽

Host Genetic Factors

Download Full-text

Genetic influences on HIV infection: implications for vaccine development

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh04057 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 53 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Miranda Z. Smith ◽

Stephen J. Kent

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Vaccine Development ◽

Critical Role ◽

Genetic Influences ◽

Susceptibility To Infection ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Host Genetic ◽

Host Genetic Factors

Human HIV infection is characterised by great variability in outcome. Much of this variability is due either to viral variation or host genetic factors, particularly major histocompatibility complex differences within genetically diverse populations. The study of non-human primates infected with well characterised simian immunodeficiency virus strains has recently allowed further dissection of the critical role of genetic influences on both susceptibility to infection and progression to AIDS. This review summarises the important role of many host genetic factors on HIV infection and highlights important variables that will need to be taken into account in evaluating effective HIV vaccines.

Download Full-text

What is the evidence of a role for host genetics in susceptibility to influenza A/H5N1?

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268810000518 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 138 (11) ◽

pp. 1550-1558 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

P. HORBY ◽

H. SUDOYO ◽

V. VIPRAKASIT ◽

A. FOX ◽

P. Q. THAI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influenza A ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Genetic Effect ◽

Host Factors ◽

Relative Lack ◽

Parsimonious Explanation ◽

Familial Clustering ◽

Host Genetic ◽

Host Genetic Factors

SUMMARYThe apparent family clustering of avian influenza A/H5N1 has led several groups to postulate the existence of a host genetic influence on susceptibility to A/H5N1, yet the role of host factors on the risk of A/H5N1 disease has received remarkably little attention compared to the efforts focused on viral factors. We examined the epidemiological patterns of human A/H5N1 cases, their possible explanations, and the plausibility of a host genetic effect on susceptibility to A/H5N1 infection. The preponderance of familial clustering of cases and the relative lack of non-familial clusters, the occurrence of related cases separated by time and place, and the paucity of cases in some highly exposed groups such as poultry cullers, are consistent with a host genetic effect. Animal models support the biological plausibility of genetic susceptibility to A/H5N1. Although the evidence is circumstantial, host genetic factors are a parsimonious explanation for the unusual epidemiology of human A/H5N1 cases and warrant further investigation.

Download Full-text