scholarly journals Genotype-dependent Burst of Transposable Element Expression in Crowns of Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during Cold Acclimation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Laudencia-Chingcuanco ◽  
D. Brian Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Transposable Element ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Dna Transposons ◽  
Specific Induction ◽  
Cold Hardy

The expression of 1,613 transposable elements (TEs) represented in the Affymetrix Wheat Genome Chip was examined during cold treatment in crowns of four hexaploid wheat genotypes that vary in tolerance to cold and in flowering time. The TE expression profiles showed a constant level of expression throughout the experiment in three of the genotypes. In winter Norstar, the most cold-hardy of the four genotypes, a subset of the TEs showed a burst of expression after vernalization saturation was achieved. About 47% of the TEs were expressed, and both Class I (retrotransposons) and Class II (DNA transposons) types were well represented.GypsyandCopiawere the most represented among the retrotransposons whileCACTAandMarinerwere the most represented DNA transposons. The data suggests that theVrn-A1region plays a role in the stage-specific induction of TE expression in this genotype.

Rapid development of PCR-based genome-specific repetitive DNA junction markers in wheat

Genome ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 576-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humphrey Wanjugi ◽  
Devin Coleman-Derr ◽  
Naxin Huo ◽  
Shahryar F. Kianian ◽  
Ming-Cheng Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Transposable Elements ◽  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Aegilops Tauschii ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Repeat Dna

In hexaploid wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) (AABBDD, C = 17 000 Mb), repeat DNA accounts for ∼90% of the genome, of which transposable elements (TEs) constitute 60%–80%. Despite the dynamic evolution of TEs, our previous study indicated that the majority of TEs are conserved and collinear between the homologous wheat genomes, based on identical insertion patterns. In this study, we exploited the unique and abundant TE insertion junction regions identified from diploid Aegilops tauschii to develop genome-specific repeat DNA junction markers (RJM) for use in hexaploid wheat. In this study, both BAC end and random shotgun sequences were used to search for RJM. Of the 300 RJM primer pairs tested, 269 (90%) amplified single bands from diploid Ae. tauschii. Of these 269 primer pairs, 260 (97%) amplified hexaploid wheat and 9 (3%) amplified Ae. tauschii only. Among the RJM primers that amplified hexaploid wheat, 88% were successfully assigned to individual chromosomes of the hexaploid D genome. Among the 38 RJM primers mapped on chromosome 6D, 31 (82%) were unambiguously mapped to delineated bins of the chromosome using various wheat deletion lines. Our results suggest that the unique RJM derived from the diploid D genome could facilitate genetic, physical, and radiation mapping of the hexaploid wheat D genome.

The biology and ecology of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its implications for trait confinement

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 997-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Willenborg ◽  
R. C. Van Acker
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Trait Confinement

This review summarizes the biological and ecological factors of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that contribute to trait movement including the ability to volunteer, germination and establishment characteristics, breeding system, pollen movement, and hybridization potential. Although wheat has a short-lived seedbank with a wide range of temperature and moisture requirements for germination and no evidence of secondary dormancy, volunteer wheat populations are increasing in relative abundance and some level of seed persistence in the soil has been observed. Hexaploid wheat is predominantly self-pollinating with cleistogamous flowers and pollen viability under optimal conditions of only 0.5 h, yet observations indicate that pollen-mediated gene flow can and will occur at distances up to 3 km and is highly dependent on prevailing wind patterns. Hybridization with wild relatives such as A. cylindrica Host., Secale cereale L., and Triticum turgidum L. is a serious concern in regions where these species grow in field margins and unmanaged lands, regardless of which genome the transgene is located on. More research is needed to determine the long-term population dynamics of volunteer wheat populations before conclusions can be drawn with regard to their role in trait movement. Seed movement has the potential to create adventitious presence (AP) on a larger scale than pollen, and studies tracing the movement of wheat seed in the grain handling system are needed. Finally, the development of mechanistic models that predict landscape-level trait movement are required to identify transgene escape routes and critical points for gene containment in various cropping systems. Key words: Triticum, coexistence, gene flow, genetically-engineered, herbicide-resistant, trait confinement

Chromosome localization of genes for soluble proteins in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum L.)

1991 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
Ts. Stoilova ◽  
G. Ganeva ◽  
B. Bochev ◽  
K. Petkolicheva
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soluble Proteins ◽  
Chromosome Localization

Characterization of novel mutants of hexaploid wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) with various depths of purple grain color and antioxidant capacity

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Jeong Hong ◽  
Dae Yeon Kim ◽  
Bo Mi Nam ◽  
Joon‐Woo Ahn ◽  
Soon‐Jae Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Grain Color

VERNALIZATION RESPONSES OF A SELECTED GROUP OF SPRING WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. JEDEL ◽  
L. E. EVANS ◽  
R. SCARTH
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Vernalization Requirement ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Rapid Induction ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Lag Period

Ten spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars were assessed for the pattern, duration and stability of their response to vernalization and the effect of plant age on receptivity to cold treatment. Cold treatment intervals of 0–6 wk were used to determine the patterns of response. Cajeme 71, Fielder and Pitic 62 were found to have a gradual response with the vernalization requirement satisfied after 4 or 5 wk of cold treatment. Benito, Glenlea, Marquis, and Neepawa had slight but significant responses to longer cold treatments (5–6 wk). Yecora 70, Prelude and Sinton were nonresponsive to the cold treatments. The development of the vernalization responses in Cajeme 71 and Pitic 62 was assessed with cold treatments of 0, 1, 4, 8, 16 and 32 days in a greenhouse study. The pattern of response consisted of a lag period, a period of rapid induction, and finally a plateau when the vernalization requirement was filled. Intermediate temperature treatments of 1–6 days at 15 °C stabilized the vernalization response induced by 2 wk of cold treatment (4 °C) in Fielder and Pitic 62 and by 6 wk of cold treatment in Cajeme 71. Pitic 62 was responsive to cold treatments at ages 0 and 7 days, with the responsiveness decreasing with increasing age. Neepawa, at the ages tested, was relatively non-responsive to the cold treatments.Key words: Wheat (spring), vernalization response, temperature, plant age

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