Prenatal Rosiglitazone Administration to Neonatal Rat Pups Does Not Alter the Adult Metabolic Phenotype

Prenatally administered rosiglitazone (RGZ) is effective in enhancing lung maturity; however, its long-term safety remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the effects of prenatally administered RGZ on the metabolic phenotype of adult rats.Methods. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rat dams were administered either placebo or RGZ at embryonic days 18 and 19. Between 12 and 20 weeks of age, the rats underwent glucose and insulin tolerance tests andde novofatty acid synthesis assays. The lungs, liver, skeletal muscle, and fat tissue were processed by Western hybridization for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ, adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP), and surfactant proteins B (SPB) and C (SPC). Plasma was assayed for triglycerides, cholesterol, insulin, glucagon, and troponin-I levels. Lungs were also morphometrically analyzed.Results. Insulin and glucose challenges,de novofatty acid synthesis, and all serum assays revealed no differences among all groups. Western hybridization for PPARγ, ADRP, SPB, and SPC in lung, liver, muscle, and fat tissue showed equal levels. Histologic analyses showed a similar number of alveoli and septal thickness in all experimental groups.Conclusions. When administered prenatally, RGZ does not affect long-term fetal programming and may be safe for enhancing fetal lung maturation.

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Synthesis of fatty acids in the perfused mouse liver

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1420611 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 142 (3) ◽

pp. 611-618 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

D. Michael W. Salmon ◽

Neil L. Bowen ◽

Douglas A. Hems

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽

De Novo ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Acid Synthesis ◽

Hepatic Glycogen ◽

Total Rate ◽

Glucose Carbon

1. Fatty acid synthesis de novo was measured in the perfused liver of fed mice. 2. The total rate, measured by the incorporation into fatty acid of3H from3H2O (1–7μmol of fatty acid/h per g of fresh liver), resembled the rate found in the liver of intact mice. 3. Perfusions with l-[U-14C]lactic acid and [U-14C]glucose showed that circulating glucose at concentrations less than about 17mm was not a major carbon source for newly synthesized fatty acid, whereas lactate (10mm) markedly stimulated fatty acid synthesis, and contributed extensive carbon to lipogenesis. 4. The identification of 50% of the carbon converted into newly synthesized fatty acid lends further credibility to the use of3H2O to measure hepatic fatty acid synthesis. 5. The total rate of fatty acid synthesis, and the contribution of glucose carbon to lipogenesis, were directly proportional to the initial hepatic glycogen concentration. 6. The proportion of total newly synthesized lipid that was released into the perfusion medium was 12–16%. 7. The major products of lipogenesis were saturated fatty acids in triglyceride and phospholipid. 8. The rate of cholesterol synthesis, also measured with3H2O, expressed as acetyl residues consumed, was about one-fourth of the basal rate of fatty acid synthesis. 9. These results are discussed in terms of the carbon sources of hepatic newly synthesized fatty acids, and the effect of glucose, glycogen and lactate in stimulating lipogenesis, independently of their role as precursors.

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A low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet increases de novo fatty acid synthesis from glycerol and glycerokinase content in the liver of growing rats

Nutrition Research ◽

10.1016/j.nutres.2013.04.010 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 494-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Andreza Lúcia Menezes ◽

Mayara Peron Pereira ◽

Samyra Lopes Buzelle ◽

Maísa Pavani dos Santos ◽

Suélem Aparecida de França ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽

De Novo ◽

Acid Synthesis ◽

High Carbohydrate Diet ◽

Carbohydrate Diet ◽

High Carbohydrate ◽

Growing Rats ◽

Low Protein

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Classical Activation of Macrophages Leads to Lipid Droplet Formation Without de novo Fatty Acid Synthesis

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2020.00131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mauricio Rosas-Ballina ◽

Xue Li Guan ◽

Alexander Schmidt ◽

Dirk Bumann

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Lipid Droplet ◽

Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽

De Novo ◽

Acid Synthesis ◽

Droplet Formation ◽

Classical Activation ◽

Lipid Droplet Formation

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[Corrigendum] A combination of inhibitors of glycolysis, glutaminolysis and de�novo fatty acid synthesis decrease the expression of chemokines in human colon cancer cells

Oncology Letters ◽

10.3892/ol.2020.11303 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alejandro Schcolnik‑Cabrera ◽

Guadalupe Dominguez‑G�mez ◽

Alma Ch�vez‑Blanco ◽

Marisol Ram�rez‑Yautentzi ◽

Roc�o Morales‑B�rcenas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colon Cancer ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽

De Novo ◽

Human Colon ◽

Acid Synthesis ◽

Colon Cancer Cells ◽

Human Colon Cancer ◽

Human Colon Cancer Cells

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Transcriptome Profile Analysis of Arabidopsis Reveals the Drought Stress-Induced Long Non-coding RNAs Associated With Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll Synthesis, Fatty Acid Synthesis and Degradation

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.643182 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Kang Chen ◽

Yang Huang ◽

Chunni Liu ◽

Yu Liang ◽

Maoteng Li

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽

Oil Content ◽

Acid Synthesis ◽

Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽

Short Term ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Mutant Lines

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the response of plants to drought stress. The previous studies have reported that overexpression of LEA3 and VOC could enhance drought tolerance and improve the oil content in Brassica napus and Arabidopsis thaliana, and most of the efforts have been invested in the gene function analysis, there is little understanding of how genes that involved in these important pathways are regulated. In the present study, the transcriptomic results of LEA3 and VOC over-expressed (OE) lines were compared with the RNAi lines, mutant lines and control lines under long-term and short-term drought treatment, a series of differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified, and their regulation patterns in mRNA were also investigated in above mentioned materials. The regulation of the target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs on plant biological functions was studied. It was revealed that the mutant lines had less drought-response related lncRNAs than that of the OE lines. Functional analysis demonstrated that multiple genes were involved in the carbon-fixing and chlorophyll metabolism, such as CDR1, CHLM, and CH1, were regulated by the upregulated lncRNA in OE lines. In LEA-OE, AT4G13180 that promotes the fatty acid synthesis was regulated by five lncRNAs that were upregulated under both long-term and short-term drought treatments. The key genes, including of SHM1, GOX2, and GS2, in the methylglyoxal synthesis pathway were all regulated by a number of down-regulated lncRNAs in OE lines, thereby reducing the content of such harmful compounds produced under stress in plants. This study identified a series of lncRNAs related to the pathways that affect photosynthesis, chlorophyll synthesis, fatty acid synthesis, degradation, and other important effects on drought resistance and oil content. The present study provided a series of lncRNAs for further improvement of crop varieties, especially drought resistant and oil content traits.

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