scholarly journals Unprotected Sex with Injecting Drug Users among Iranian Female Sex Workers: Unhide HIV Risk Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khodabakhsh Ahmadi ◽  
Majid Rezazade ◽  
Mohammad Nafarie ◽  
Babak Moazen ◽  
Mosaieb Yarmohmmadi Vasel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex

Purpose. To assess the prevalence and associated factors of unprotected sex with injecting drug users (IDUs) among a sample of female sex workers (FSWs) in Iran.Methods. This cross-sectional study included 144 FSWs who were interviewed as a part of Unhide HIV Risk Study, a national behavioral survey focusing on various high-risk populations, including IDUs, FSWs, and Men who have Sex with Men (MSMs) in 2009. The survey was conducted in eight provinces in Iran using respondent-driven sampling. Participants’ sociodemographic status, HIV knowledge, and HIV attitude were analyzed via logistic regression to determine the predictors of unprotected sex with IDU(s) during the past month.Results. Nineteen percent of FSWs reported at least one occasion of unprotected sex with IDU(s) in the month preceding the study. Higher educational level (OR=−0.653, 95%CI=-1.192to −0.115), perceived HIV risk (OR=−1.047, 95%CI=-2.076to −0.019), and perceived family intimacy during childhood (OR=−1.104, 95%CI=-1.957to −0.251) were all independently associated with lower odds of having unprotected sex with IDU(s) in the month preceding the study. Age, marital status, living condition, HIV knowledge, and perceived behavioral control did not affect the odds of FSWs having sex with IDUs.Conclusion. Perceived HIV risk, which is a modifiable factor, seems to be a promising target for harm reduction interventions amongst Iranian female sex workers. Data presented here may aid in reducing or eliminating the role of sex workers as a bridge for HIV transmission from IDUs to the general population in Iran.

scholarly journals P20-04. Molecular characterization of HIV-1 detected among injecting drug users and female sex workers in India

Retrovirology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (S3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sengupta ◽  
P Bhanja ◽  
R Mullick ◽  
R Sarkar ◽  
S Chakrabarti
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Hiv 1

HIV/AIDS among female sex workers, injecting drug users and men who have sex with men in Lebanon: results of the first biobehavioral surveys

AIDS ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. S45-S54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyad Mahfoud ◽  
Rema Afifi ◽  
Sami Ramia ◽  
Danielle El Khoury ◽  
Kassem Kassak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Hiv Aids

scholarly journals Do female sex workers have lower uptake of HIV treatment services than non-sex workers? A cross-sectional study from east Zimbabwe

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e018751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Rhead ◽  
Jocelyn Elmes ◽  
Eloghene Otobo ◽  
Kundai Nhongo ◽  
Albert Takaruza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Treatment Services

ObjectiveGlobally, HIV disproportionately affects female sex workers (FSWs) yet HIV treatment coverage is suboptimal. To improve uptake of HIV services by FSWs, it is important to identify potential inequalities in access and use of care and their determinants. Our aim is to investigate HIV treatment cascades for FSWs and non-sex workers (NSWs) in Manicaland province, Zimbabwe, and to examine the socio-demographic characteristics and intermediate determinants that might explain differences in service uptake.MethodsData from a household survey conducted in 2009–2011 and a parallel snowball sample survey of FSWs were matched using probability methods to reduce under-reporting of FSWs. HIV treatment cascades were constructed and compared for FSWs (n=174) and NSWs (n=2555). Determinants of service uptake were identified a priori in a theoretical framework and tested using logistic regression.ResultsHIV prevalence was higher in FSWs than in NSWs (52.6% vs 19.8%; age-adjusted OR (AOR) 4.0; 95% CI 2.9 to 5.5). In HIV-positive women, FSWs were more likely to have been diagnosed (58.2% vs 42.6%; AOR 1.62; 1.02–2.59) and HIV-diagnosed FSWs were more likely to initiate ART (84.9% vs 64.0%; AOR 2.33; 1.03–5.28). No difference was found for antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence (91.1% vs 90.5%; P=0.9). FSWs’ greater uptake of HIV treatment services became non-significant after adjusting for intermediate factors including HIV knowledge and risk perception, travel time to services, physical and mental health, and recent pregnancy.ConclusionFSWs are more likely to take up testing and treatment services and were closer to achieving optimal outcomes along the cascade compared with NSWs. However, ART coverage was low in all women at the time of the survey. FSWs’ need for, knowledge of and proximity to HIV testing and treatment facilities appear to increase uptake.

scholarly journals HIV and AIDS risk perception among sex workers in semi-urban Blantyre, Malawi

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adamson Muula ◽  
Donatien Twizelimana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Male Clients ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Several health behaviour theories propose that risk perception affects the likelihood of behaviour intentions and practice. The perception of risk to HIV and AIDS among female sex workers in Malawi has not been well described. Yet knowledge of how this most at risk population perceives contagion could help in informing the design, implementation and monitoring of interventions.Methods: A cross sectional, qualitative study was conducted among female sex workers in Blantyre, Malawi between 2013 and 2014. Snowballing technique was used to recruit study participants. In depth interviews were done by six trained female research assistants among 45 female sex workers. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis.Results: There were mixed perceptions of risk to HIV infection among the sampled sex workers. While some of the study participants perceived themselves as at higher risk of acquiring infection, some considered themselves to be at no higher risk than the general population. Some study participants suggested that married women in stable relationship were at higher risk of infection than the female sex workers. Prayer and belief in God were reported to be protective from HIV acquisition while predestination or mere talking about HIV was perceived to result in vulnerability to infection. In terms of overall knowledge about HIV, this was assessed as high. Several barriers to consistent condom use were reported: non-availability at all times, high cost and unacceptable instructions of the female condom, offers of higher pay for unprotected sex by male clients and harassment and forced unprotected sex by police.Conclusions: We have reported expression of dissonance, fatalism and predestination among female sex workers in semi-urban Malawi is responses to the threat of HIV. There is need to develop context-specific safer sex programs among female sex worker in Malawi.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Substance Use and Sexual Behavior among Drug Users in Three Mountainous Provinces of Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bach Tran ◽  
Hue Mai ◽  
Mercedes Fleming ◽  
Ha Do ◽  
Tam Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex

Due to their geographical characteristics, the mountainous areas of Vietnam are particularly vulnerable to illicit drug use. Drug users in remote areas are also more likely to engage in risky sexual behaviors. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and characteristics of substance use and sexual behaviors and explored their related factors among newly admitted drug users in three mountainous provinces of Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 newly-admitted drug users registering for Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) at 6 clinics in three provinces: Dien Bien, Lai Chau and Yen Bai from October 2014 to December 2015. Information about the socio-demographic characteristics, history of substance use, and sexual behaviors were collected. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify potential predictors of four outcomes, which included: drug injection, re-use of needles, using condoms during the last time of having sex, and having sexual intercourse with female sex workers. The proportion of injecting drug users was 68.3%; of those 9% never re-used needles. Of note, 69% of those who reported having sex with female sex workers in the last month did not use condoms. Regression models showed that those who injected drugs and had health problems in last 30 days had greater odds of having sex with female sex workers. Drug users in mountainous settings acknowledged the high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related risk behaviors and a demand for physical and psychological care. Scaling up MMT services is key to approaching this high-risk group; however, at the same time, comprehensive harm-reduction interventions, counseling, and health care services should also be made accessible and effective in this setting.

scholarly journals Depression and HIV Risk Behaviors among Female Sex Workers in Guangdong, China: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongcheng Shen ◽  
Huachun Zou ◽  
Shujie Huang ◽  
Fengying Liu ◽  
Peizhen Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Hiv Risk Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Sex Partner

Background. Our study aimed to assess the burden of depression and evaluate factors associated with depression and status of HIV risk behaviors among female sex workers (FSWs) in Guangdong, China. Method. We recruited FSWs from massage parlors, saunas, restaurants, hotels, hair salons, and streets in Guangdong, China, in 2014. Information on demographic characteristics, HIV testing history, and sexual behaviors was collected using a questionnaire. A blood sample was collected to test for HIV, syphilis, and HCV. A participant was defined as being depressed if she obtained 6 points or above using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Results. Among the 653 participants, 41.7% were 21–30 years old and 43.6% married. Overall, 52.4% were found to be depressed. FSWs who had correct syphilis related knowledge [aOR = 1.45; 95% CI: 1.04–2.03] and had primary sex partner (1.63, 1.14–2.33) were more likely to be depressed. FSWs who did not use a condom during their last sex with the primary sex partner were less likely to be depressed (0.47, 0.31–0.71). Conclusion. Our study observed high level of depression and HIV risk behaviors among Chinese FSWs. Future interventions should integrate mental health services in comprehensive interventions to prevent depression among Chinese FSWs.

scholarly journals Evaluating Recruitment among Female Sex Workers and Injecting Drug Users at Risk for HIV Using Respondent-driven Sampling in Estonia

2010 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anneli Uusküla ◽  
Lisa G. Johnston ◽  
Mait Raag ◽  
Aire Trummal ◽  
Ave Talu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Respondent Driven Sampling ◽  
Female Sex

Sexual risk behaviors and practices of female sex workers in Rwanda in over a decade, 2006–2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (13) ◽  
pp. 1316-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mwumvaneza Mutagoma ◽  
Laetitia Nyirazinyoye ◽  
Dieudonné Sebuhoro ◽  
David J Riedel ◽  
Joseph Ntaganira
Keyword(s):  
Condom Use ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Hiv Knowledge ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Female Sex

Female sex workers (FSWs) are at high risk for HIV. Cross-sectional surveys using a venue–day–time approach for recruitment were conducted among FSWs in Rwanda in 2006, 2010 and 2015. Chi square test for trends was computed to determine behavior changes. Logistic regression models were computed to determine risk factors associated with consistent condom use for the 2015 survey. There were 1041, 1338, and 1978 FSWs surveyed in 2006, 2010, and 2015, respectively. Condom use at the last sexual encounter with a client was similar in all surveys: 84.2%, 64.1%, and 83.3% (p = 1.0), respectively. Comprehensive HIV knowledge among FSWs was higher in 2015 than in 2006: 18.4%, 53.1%, and 71.1% (p = 0.00), respectively. Living in Kigali City and the Western province (aOR = 1.9 [95% CI: 1.3–2.8] and aOR = 2.0 [95% CI: 1.4–2.9], respectively) and higher level of education (OR = 2.0 [95% CI: 1.4–2.9]) were positively associated with consistent condom use with a client. Street-based FSWs (aOR = 0.7 [95% CI: 0.6–0.9]); FSWs with sex work as sole occupation (aOR = 0.6 [95% CI: 0.5–0.7]); FSWs who experienced sexually transmitted infections in the last year (aOR = 0.7 [95% CI: 0.5–0.8]) and HIV-positive FSWs (aOR = 0.8 [95% CI: 0.6–0.9]) were less likely to report consistent condom use. HIV prevention methods have evolved among FSWs in RWanda over the last decade, but HIV prevalence remains high. Condom use among many FSWs is inconsistent. New approaches for behavior change and income-generating activities are needed to reduce the vulnerability of FSWs in Rwanda.

HIV PREVALENCE AND BEHAVIORAL ON MALE INJECTION DRUG USERS (IDUS) IN QUANG NAM AND FEMALE SEX WORKERS (FSWS) IN QUANG BINH, QUANG TRI, BINH DINH PROVINCES, 2011

2016 ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Xuan Huy Le ◽  
Phuoc Thuoc Doan ◽  
Dinh Son Nguyen ◽  
Thai Hung Do ◽  
Quang Mai Vien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Injection Drug Users ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Research with objectives: (1) determine the prevalence of HIV among IDUs, FSWs in selected provinces; (2) determine key HIV risk and preventive behaviors; (3) estimate the intervention’s exposure and coverage. Methods: Cross-sectional survey was used in Quang Binh, Quang Tri, Quang Nam and Binh Dinh provinces. Based on the results of mapping, the sample size in each selected province was as follow: Quang Binh: 300 FSWs, Quang Tri: 300 FSWs, Binh Dinh: 300 FSWs and Quang Nam: 350 IDUs. Results: Male IDUs and FSWs had many risk behaviors related to HIV infection. HIV prevalence among male IDUs in Quang Nam was 6.86%. HIV prevalence among FSWs was 1.3% in Binh Dinh, 1% in Quang Tri and 0% in Quang Binh. Necessary knowledge on HIV/AIDS of studied subjects was limited. Conclusion: The findings from this study showed the need to deploy, enhance and maintain the intervention programs for male injecting drug users and FSWs. Key words: HIV, Prevalence, Behavioral, IDUs, FSWs.

scholarly journals HIV risk among female sex workers with different patterns of drug use behaviors in Southwest China: a cross-sectional study

AIDS Care ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzhu Tang ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Xiaoming Li ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Shaobing Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Female Sex Workers ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Sex
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