scholarly journals Current Status of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors as Novel Therapeutic Agents for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Hiller ◽  
Quyen D. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Parp Inhibitors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Brca Mutations ◽  
Basal Like Breast Cancer ◽  
Her 2

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer that is clinically defined as lacking estrogen and progesterone receptors, as well as being ERBB2 (HER-2) negative. Without specific therapeutic targets, TNBC carries a worse prognosis than other types of breast cancer in the absence of therapy. Research has now further differentiated breast cancer into subtypes based on genetic expression patterns. One of these subtypes, basal-like, frequently overlaps with the clinical picture of TNBC. Additionally, both TNBC and basal-like breast cancer link to BRCA mutations. Recent pharmaceutical advances have created a class of drugs, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, which are showing potential to effectively treat these patients. The aim of this paper is to summarize the basis behind PARP inhibitors and update the current status of their development in clinical trials for the treatment of TNBC.

scholarly journals Mixed Effects and Mechanisms of Cannabinoids for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanh Tran
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Current Therapies ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
Tumour Activity

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer characterized by the lack of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors, and HER-2 receptors. Thus, TNBC tumours do not benefit from the current therapies targeting ER or HER-2. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel treatment for this subtype of breast cancer. Marijuana is a common name given to Cannabis plants, a group of plants in the Cannabis genus of the Cannabaceae family. Cannabis plants are among the oldest cultivated crops, traced back at least 12,000 years and are well known for their multi-purpose usage, including medicinal purposes. The main active compounds extracted from Cannabis plants are 21-carbon-containing terpenophenolics, which are referred to as phytocannabinoids. Of these, the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) group contains highly potent cannabinoids, including delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) and delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆8-THC), which are the most abundant THCs and are largely responsible for psychological and physiological effects of marijuana. The use of Cannabis plants for medicinal purposes was first recorded in 2337 BC in China, where Cannabis plants were used to treat pains, rheumatism, and gout. Recently, several cannabinoids have been approved for a number of treatments, one of which is the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients. Furthermore, increasing evidence shows that cannabinoids not only attenuate side effects due to cancer treatment, but might also potentially possess direct antitumor effects in several cancer types, including breast cancer. However, anti-tumour activity of marijuana has been variable in different studies and even promoted tumour growth in some cases. In addition, the mechanisms of cannabinoid action in cancer remain unclear. This review summarizes evidence about the mixed actions of cannabinoids in cancer in general and triple-negative breast cancer in particular.

scholarly journals Molecular-biological characteristics of triple negative breast cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
N. E. Atakhanova ◽  
D. M. Almuradova ◽  
I A. Dudina
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Breast Tumors ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
Her 2

Breast cancer is the most common disease in women all over the world. In the structure of cancer morbidity, breast cancer ranks first and its frequency is steadily increasing. In the world, about 1.67 million new cases are diagnosed and every year more than 500,000 women die from breast cancer. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is about 15–20 % of all breast tumors; is more common in women of fertile age. TNBC is characterized by a lack of expression of estrogen, progesterone receptors and HER-2/neu, which significantly complicates the treatment of this disease, which is characterized by aggressive course, the maximum risk of recurrence during the first 3 yearsafter surgical treatment, and rapid metastasis and decreased life expectancy. This article presents a review of the literature on the molecular-biological characteristics of TNBC. The article also describes the main approaches to targeted therapies for each subtype.

scholarly journals Incidence of triple negative breast cancer at Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3134
Author(s):  
Priyanka Kumari ◽  
Sumit Bhaskar ◽  
Rajiv Ranjan ◽  
Dipendra Kumar Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Receptor Status ◽  
Her 2

Background: Breast carcinoma is the second most common carcinoma in women and accounts for 22% of all female cancer, which is more than twice the prevalence of cancer in women at any other site. Triple negative breast cancer, i.e., negative expression of oestrogen and progesterone receptors and HER2/neu receptors and accounts for approximately 10-17% of all breast carcinomas, is biologically aggressive, resistant to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy treatment, and is associated with reduced survival compared to other subtypes of breast cancer.Methods: History, local examination, Various investigations like: FNAC of breast lump and axillary lymph node, USG of breasts and axilla, USG of whole abdomen and pelvis, Chest X-ray PA View etc, ER/PR and HER-2/neu status on the specimen sent for HPE were done. The prognostic implications on ER, PR and HER-2/neu receptors were assessed indirectly with the help of Nottingham prognostic index (NPI)).Results: A statistically significant correlation of ER/PR receptor status was found with tumour size, no. of lymph nodes, tumour grade and NPI, whereas HER2/neu receptor status had a statistically significant correlation with tumour size and no. of lymph node involved. Incidence of triple negative breast cancer in this Institute is 20%.Conclusions: ER, PR and HER2/neu receptor status is highly important predictor in cases of carcinoma breast which necessitates routine evaluation of these receptor statuses for better management of disease.

scholarly journals Antisense Oligonucleotide-Based Therapeutic against Menin for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 795
Author(s):  
Dang Tan Nguyen ◽  
Thi Khanh Le ◽  
Clément Paris ◽  
Chaïma Cherif ◽  
Stéphane Audebert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Antisense Oligonucleotide ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Parp Inhibitors ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
Basal Like Breast Cancer ◽  
Insufficient Response

The tumor suppressor menin has dual functions, acting either as a tumor suppressor or as an oncogene/oncoprotein, depending on the oncological context. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by the lack of expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (ERBB2/HER2) and is often a basal-like breast cancer. TNBC is associated with a dismal prognosis and an insufficient response to chemotherapies. Previously, menin was shown to play a proliferative role in ER-positive breast cancer; however, the functions of menin in TNBC remain unknown. Here, we have demonstrated that menin is expressed in various TNBC subtypes with the strongest expression in the TNBC Hs 578T cells. The depletion of menin by an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) inhibits cell proliferation, enhances apoptosis in Hs 578T cells, highlighting the oncogenic functions of menin in this TNBC model. ASO-based menin silencing also delays the tumor progression of TNBC xenografts. Analysis of the menin interactome suggests that menin could drive TNBC tumorigenesis through the regulation of MLL/KMT2A-driven transcriptional activity, mRNA 3′-end processing and apoptosis. The study provides a rationale behind the use of ASO-based therapy, targeting menin in monotherapy or in combination with chemo or PARP inhibitors for menin-positive TNBC treatments.

scholarly journals Possibilities of PET/CT with 18F-PSMA-1007 in the Diagnosis of Triple Negative Breast Cancer: a Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
A. V. Parnas ◽  
A. A. Odzharova ◽  
A. I. Pronin ◽  
V. S. Ilyakov ◽  
N. A. Meshcheryakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers and the leading cause of cancer death in women. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a specific subtype of breast cancer that does not express estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (RP) or human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), has certain clinical features, a tendency to relapses and poor prognosis. Various studies demonstrate that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is not strictly specific for prostate cancer, and can be produced by other tumor pathologies. In routine practice, PET/CT for TNBC is performed with 18F-FDG. However PET/CT with 18F-PSMA-1007 can be used as the method of choice with high theranostic potential. Here is a clinical case of a patient with TNBC who underwent PET/CT with 18F-FDG and 18F-PSMA-1007.

scholarly journals Biologic Roles of Estrogen Receptor-βand Insulin-Like Growth Factor-2 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalo Hamilton ◽  
Diana Márquez-Garbán ◽  
Vei Mah ◽  
Gowry Fernando ◽  
Yahya Elshimali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Tnbc Cell ◽  
Her 2

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) occurs in 10–15% of patients yet accounts for almost half of all breast cancer deaths. TNBCs lack expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and HER-2 overexpression and cannot be treated with current targeted therapies. TNBCs often occur in African American and younger women. Although initially responsive to some chemotherapies, TNBCs tend to relapse and metastasize. Thus, it is critical to find new therapeutic targets. A second ER gene product, termed ERβ, in the absence of ERαmay be such a target. Using human TNBC specimens with known clinical outcomes to assess ERβexpression, we find that ERβ1 associates with significantly worse 5-year overall survival. Further, a panel of TNBC cell lines exhibit significant levels of ERβprotein. To assess ERβeffects on proliferation, ERβexpression in TNBC cells was silenced using shRNA, resulting in a significant reduction in TNBC proliferation. ERβ-specific antagonists similarly suppressed TNBC growth. Growth-stimulating effects of ERβmay be due in part to downstream actions that promote VEGF, amphiregulin, and Wnt-10b secretion, other factors associated with tumor promotion.In vivo, insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2), along with ERβ1, is significantly expressed in TNBC and stimulates high ERβmRNA in TNBC cells. This work may help elucidate the interplay of metabolic and growth factors in TNBC.

scholarly journals Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Adjuvant Therapeutic Options

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayca Gucalp ◽  
Tiffany A. Traina
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptors ◽  
Cytotoxic Chemotherapy ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Targeted Agents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Disproportionate Number

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a subtype distinguished by negative immunohistochemical assays for expression of the estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER/PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2) represents 15% of all breast cancers. Patients with TNBC generally experience a more aggressive clinical course with increased risk of disease progression and poorer overall survival. Furthermore, this subtype accounts for a disproportionate number of disease-related mortality in part due to its aggressive natural history and our lack of effective targeted agents beyond conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. In this paper, we will review the epidemiology, risk factors, prognosis, and the molecular and clinicopathologic features that distinguish TNBC from other subtypes of breast cancer. In addition, we will examine the available data for the use of cytotoxic chemotherapy in the treatment of TNBC in both the neoadjuvant and adjuvant setting and explore the ongoing development of newer targeted agents.

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