scholarly journals Traumatic Brain Injury Related Hospitalization and Mortality in California

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clint Lagbas ◽  
Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi ◽  
Magda Shaheen ◽  
Dulcie Kermah ◽  
Deyu Pan
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Vehicle Accidents

Objective. The aim of this study is to describe the traumatic brain injury (TBI) population and causes and identify factors associated with TBI hospitalizations and mortality in California.Methods. This is a cross-sectional study of 61,188 patients with TBI from the California Hospital Discharge Data 2001 to 2009. We used descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses in SAS version 9.3.Results. TBI-related hospitalizations decreased by 14% and mortality increased by 19% from 2001 to 2009. The highest percentages of TBI hospitalizations were due to other causes (38.4%), falls (31.2%), being of age≥75years old (37.2%), being a males (58.9%), and being of Medicare patients (44%). TBIs due to falls were found in those age≤4years old (53.5%),≥75years old (44.0%), and females (37.2%). TBIs due to assaults were more frequent in Blacks (29.0%). TBIs due to motor vehicle accidents were more frequent in 15–19 and 20–24 age groups (48.7% and 48.6%, resp.) and among Hispanics (27.8%). Higher odds of mortality were found among motor vehicle accident category (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.27, 95% CI: 1.14–1.41); males (AOR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.27–1.46); and the≥75-year-old group (AOR: 6.4, 95% CI: 4.9–8.4).Conclusions. Our findings suggest a decrease in TBI-related hospitalizations but an increase in TBI-related mortality during the study period. The majority of TBI-related hospitalizations was due to other causes and falls and was more frequent in the older, male, and Medicare populations. The higher likelihood of TBI-related mortalities was found among elderly male≥75years old who had motor vehicle accidents. Our data can inform practitioners, prevention planners, educators, service sectors, and policy makers who aim to reduce the burden of TBI in the community. Implications for interventions are discussed.

Mild traumatic brain injury from motor vehicle accidents: Factors associated with return to work

1999 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol F. Ruffolo ◽  
Judith F. Friedland ◽  
Deirdre R. Dawson ◽  
Angela Colantonio ◽  
Peter H. Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Vehicle Accidents

scholarly journals Analysis of patients with spinal cord trauma associated with traumatic brain injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Simão de Melo Neto ◽  
Waldir Antônio Tognola ◽  
Antonio Ronaldo Spotti ◽  
Dionei Freitas de Morais
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Cord Injury

Objective: Characterize victims of spinal cord injury (SCI) associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and risk factors. Methods: Study conducted with 52 victims of SCI associated with TBI. The variables studied were: sex; age; marital status; occupation; educational level; religion; etiology and the lesion area; neurological condition by the ASIA scale; associated injuries and potential risk factors. Results: The male (85%), aged between 21-30 years (25%), civil status stable union (56%), low level of education (69%) and the Roman Catholic religion (77%) presented the greater number of victims. Motor vehicle accidents (58%) were the main etiology. The cervical segment had higher injury risk (RR=3.48, p<0.0001). The neurological status ASIA-E (52%), the syndromic neck pain (35%) and the rate of mild TBI (65%) were the most frequent. Complications occurred in 13 patients with increased frequency of pneumonia (62%). The length of hospital stay was significantly higher (20±28 days) and 17% of patients died. Men (RR=2.14, p=0.028) and individuals exposed to motor vehicle accidents (RR=1.91, p=0.022) showed a higher risk of these lesions concurrently. Moreover, these patients had 2.48 (p<0.01) higher risk of death than victims of SCI alone. Conclusion: The SCI associated with TBI was more frequent in men, young adults, and individuals exposed to motor vehicle accidents. The cervical spine is more likely to be affected. Furthermore, the length of hospitalization is significantly higher and the subjects analyzed have higher risk of death.

Incidence of Neck Pain in Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the Emergency Department

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (20 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S10.3-S11
Author(s):  
Brieana Hope Rodriguez ◽  
Danny Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accidents

ObjectiveTo determine (1) the frequency of reported cervical spine pain in patients diagnosed with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin emergency department (ED), and (2) the predictors of number of follow up visits for concussion related symptoms between those with and without neck pain.BackgroundThere has been little research on the frequency of concomitant injury, specifically neck pain associated with TBI in the pediatric population. Given the potential influence of neck pain on recovery from mTBI, we sought to report on the frequency of reported neck pain in the sample of pediatric ED patients reporting mTBI symptoms.Design/MethodsThe sample was obtained through a retrospective analysis in the setting of Children's Hospital of Wisconsin Emergency Department with a subject selection of patients diagnosed with a concussion/mTBI between the dates of 11/1/2015–06/30/2018.ResultsWe analyzed 652 charts. The frequency of reported neck pain in the pediatric population being evaluated for mTBI in the ED was 13.8%. Of these patients, 32.2% had subsequent follow up visits related to their concussion/neck pain compared to 31.1% in patients without neck pain in the ED. In regards to the TBI cause, 47.8% were due to accidental falls, 40.3% were due to other accidents not related to motor vehicles, and 10.0% were due to motor vehicle accidents.ConclusionsIn comparison to the adult mTBI population, the pediatric mTBI population had a significantly less reported frequency of neck pain in the ED. This is not surprising as the majority of adults presenting for concussions and neck pain are post-motor vehicle accidents, whereas the majority of children are presenting after accidental falls. There did not seem to be an association between concussions with concomitant neck pain and prolonged recovery or increased morbidity as determined by follow up visits.

scholarly journals Defining severe traumatic brain injury readmission rates and reasons in a rural state

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000186 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Gardner ◽  
Kevin W Sexton ◽  
John Taylor ◽  
William Beck ◽  
Mary Katherine Kimbrough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Long Term Treatment

BackgroundReadmissions after a traumatic brain injury (TBI) have significant impact on long-term patient outcomes through interruption of rehabilitation. This study examined readmissions in a rural population, hypothesizing that readmitted patients after TBI will be older and have more comorbidities than those not readmitted.MethodsDischarge data on all patients 15 years and older who were admitted to an Arkansas-based hospital for TBI were obtained from the Arkansas Hospital Discharge Data System from 2010 to 2014. This data set includes diagnoses (principal discharge diagnosis, up to 3 external cause of injury codes, 18 diagnosis codes using the International Classification of Disease, 9th Edition, Clinical Modifications), age, gender, and inpatient costs. Hospital Cost and Utilization Project Clinical Classification and Chronic Condition Indicator were used to identify chronic disease and body systems affected in principal diagnosis.ResultsOf the 3114 cases of significant head trauma, more than two-thirds were attributed to fall injuries, with motor vehicle crashes accounting for 20% of the remainder. The mean length of stay was 6.5 days. 691 of these patients were admitted to an Arkansas hospital in the following year, totaling 1368 readmissions. Of the readmissions, 16.4% of patients were admitted for altered mental status, 12.9% with shortness of breath (SOB), and 9.4% with chest pain. Mental disorders (psychosis, dementia, and depression) and organic nervous symptoms (Alzheimer’s disease, encephalopathy, and epilepsy) were the primary source of readmissions. More than one-third of the patients were admitted in the following year for chronic diseases such as heart failure (8.6%), psychosis (5.2%), and cerebral artery occlusion (4.1%).DiscussionThis study showed that there is a significant rate of readmissions in the year after a diagnosis of TBI. Complications with existing chronic diseases are among the most reported reasons for admission in this time period, demonstrating the effect severe head trauma has on long-term treatment.Level of evidenceLevel IV, Retrospective epidemiological study.

Treating Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Combining Neurofeedback and Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in a Single Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 155005942110682
Author(s):  
Rebecca D White ◽  
Robert P Turner ◽  
Noah Arnold ◽  
Annie Bernica ◽  
Brigitte N Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Hyperbaric Oxygen ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Treatment Center

In 2014, a 26-year-old male was involved in a motor vehicle accident resulting in a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). The patient sustained a closed-head left temporal injury with coup contrecoup impact to the frontal region. The patient underwent a left side craniotomy and was comatose for 26 days. After gaining consciousness, he was discharged to a brain injury treatment center that worked with physical, speech, and occupational issues. He was discharged after eight months with significant speech, ambulation, spasticity, and cognitive issues as well as the onset of posttraumatic epilepsy. His parents sought hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) from a doctor in Louisiana. After 165 dives, the HBOT doctor recommended an addition of neurofeedback (NFB) therapy. In March 2019 the patient started NFB therapy intermixed with HBOT. The combination of NFB and HBOT improved plasticity and functionality in the areas of injury and the correlated symptoms including short-term memory, personality, language, and executive function, as well as significantly reducing the incidence of seizures. Severe brain injuries often leave lasting deficits with little hope for major recovery and there is a need for further research into long-term, effective neurological treatments for severe brain injuries. These results suggest that HBOT combined with NFB may be a viable option in treating severe brain injuries and should be investigated.

scholarly journals Lifetime costs of traumatic brain injury identified in the emergency department in Ontario

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (S1) ◽  
pp. S39-S39
Author(s):  
T Fu ◽  
R Jing ◽  
M Cusimano
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifetime Costs ◽  
Ed Visits

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability, yet there is limited research on its economic burden. We estimated the incidence and lifetime costs of TBI identified in the Emergency Department (ED) in Ontario, Canada between April 2009 and March 2010. Methods: ED visits for TBI were identified using a population-based database that is mandatory for ambulatory care facilities in Ontario. The authors calculated unit costs for medical treatment and productivity loss, and multiplied these by incidence estimates to determine the lifetime costs of identified TBI cases. Results: In 2009, there were over 133,000 ED visits for TBI in Ontario, resulting in a conservative estimate of $945 million in total lifetime costs. Costs were greater for males than females across nearly all age groups, with males incurring two-fold higher costs overall. Together, falls ($407 million), struck by/against ($309 million), and motor vehicle injuries ($161 million) represented 93% of lifetime costs associated with TBI. Conclusions: This study revealed a high incidence and economic burden associated with TBI identified in the ED. More research is needed to fully appreciate the burden of TBI across a variety of healthcare settings.

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