scholarly journals Side Population Cells as Prototype of Chemoresistant, Tumor-Initiating Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinitha Richard ◽  
Madhumathy G. Nair ◽  
T. R. Santhosh Kumar ◽  
M. Radhakrishna Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Side Population ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Tumor Initiating Cells ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Almost All

Classically, isolation of CSCs from tumors exploits the detection of cell surface markers associated with normal stem cells. Invariable expression of these cell surface markers in almost all proliferating tumor cells that albeit impart specific functionality, the universality, and clinical credibility of CSC phenotype based on markers is still dubious. Side Population (SP) cells, as defined by Hoechst dye exclusion in flow cytometry, have been identified in many solid tumors and cell lines and the SP phenotype can be considered as an enriched source of stem cells as well as an alternative source for the isolation of cancer stem cells especially when molecular markers for stem cells are unknown. SP cells may be responsible for the maintenance and propagation of tumors and the proportion of SP cells may be a predictor of patient outcome. Several of these markers used in cell sorting have emerged as prognostic markers of disease progression though it is seen that the development of new CSC-targeted strategies is often hindered by poor understanding of their regulatory networks and functions. This review intends to appraise the experimental progress towards enhanced isolation and drug screening based on property of acquired chemoresistance of cancer stem cells.

CD133 and CD44 Cell surface markers do not identify cancer stem cells in primary human gastric tumors

2012 ◽  
Vol 227 (6) ◽  
pp. 2686-2693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Rocco ◽  
Eleonora Liguori ◽  
Giuseppe Pirozzi ◽  
Virginia Tirino ◽  
Debora Compare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Gastric Tumors

scholarly journals CD150− side population cells represent a functionally distinct population of long-term hematopoietic stem cells

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 2444-2451 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Weksberg ◽  
Stuart M. Chambers ◽  
Nathan C. Boles ◽  
Margaret A. Goodell
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Side Population ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Slam Family

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a self-renewing population of bone marrow cells that replenish the cellular elements of blood throughout life. HSCs represent a paradigm for the study of stem-cell biology, because robust methods for prospective isolation of HSCs have facilitated rigorous characterization of these cells. Recently, a new isolation method was reported, using the SLAM family of cell-surface markers, including CD150 (SlamF1), to offer potential advantages over established protocols. We examined the overlap between SLAM family member expression with an established isolation scheme based on Hoechst dye efflux (side population; SP) in conjunction with canonical HSC cell-surface markers (Sca-1, c-Kit, and lineage markers). Importantly, we find that stringent gating of SLAM markers is essential to achieving purity in HSC isolation and that the inclusion of canonical HSC markers in the SLAM scheme can greatly augment HSC purity. Furthermore, we observe that both CD150+ and CD150− cells can be found within the SP population and that both populations can contribute to long-term multilineage reconstitution. Thus, using SLAM family markers to isolate HSCs excludes a substantial fraction of the marrow HSC compartment. Interestingly, these 2 subpopulations are functionally distinct, with respect to lineage output as well as proliferative status.

Breast cancer stem cells: A novel therapy for breast cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13030-e13030
Author(s):  
Soma Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Sudeshna Gangopadhyay ◽  
Swati Dasgupta ◽  
Saubhik Sengupta ◽  
Ujjal Kanti Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Breast Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Free Survival

e13030 Background: Simple BRCA screening is insufficient for ‘event-free survival’ as breast cancer is clinically and pathologically an extremely heterogeneous disease. Targeting Breast Cancer Stem Cells (BCSCs) present in bone marrow and breast tissues is a lucrative alternative. Identification of BCSCs is salient aspect of our research. Invasive and mesenchymal property of BCSCs with CD44+/CD24low/ALDH1+ phenotype has made them a promising target for eliminating metastatic capacity of primary tumors. We hypothesize that ability to therapeutically attack stem cell hinges upon identifying unique targets like cell surface markers and this will decide development of specific target therapies. Methods: A total of 10 early chemo-naive patients with biopsy proven triple-negative metastatic breast cancer in the age group of 18-36 yr.s (mean age 28 yr.s) were selected randomly and tested for CD44/CD24 cell surface markers following immunosorting using magnetic cell sorter and immunophenotyping by flowcytometric analysis. Isolated BCSCs were cultured for in vitro drug sensitivity towards platinum, anthracycline and docetaxel. Correlation was drawn between cell differentiation, % of stem cells and drug response. Accordingly chemotherapy was designed for a particular patient. % of BCSCs in pre- and post-chemotherapeutic condition was further compared. Results: We have detected BCSCs in 90% of cases. Among positive samples, 89% patients showed platinum sensitivity and rest were found to be anthracycline sensitive. No sensitivity to docetaxel was observed. In lieu of this, cisplatin was applied in vivo and % of BCSCs came down to 6.58% from initial 11.16% (for a representative case). Conclusions: Thus primary aim to target BCSCs at the onset of tumors in breast cancer patients to control metastasis and relapse of disease was somewhat obtained. We further plan to correlate ratio of selected markers present in patients in pre- and post-chemotherapeutic condition with time to recurrence, mortality, morbidity and progression-free survival. Finally, if no BCSCs prevail after chemotherapy, then patients would be kept under observation and if traces are found, we would proceed to targeted therapy trial like PARP inhibitor or autologous stem cell replacement.

scholarly journals A new protocol for long‐term culture of a specific subpopulation of liver cancer stem cells enriched by cell surface markers

FEBS Open Bio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1737-1747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Zhang ◽  
Hai‐Yang Wang ◽  
Dong‐Xing Wang ◽  
Quan Zeng ◽  
Zeng Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Long Term Culture ◽  
Liver Cancer Stem Cells

Cancer stem cells in drug resistant lung cancer: Targeting cell surface markers and signaling pathways

2016 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 71-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Leon ◽  
Lauren MacDonagh ◽  
Stephen P. Finn ◽  
Sinead Cuffe ◽  
Martin P. Barr
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Cancer Targeting ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cell Surface Markers

Neonatal stem cells exhibit specific characteristics in function, proliferation, and cellular signaling that distinguish them from their adult counterparts

2008 ◽  
Vol 294 (5) ◽  
pp. R1491-R1497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy A. Markel ◽  
Meijing Wang ◽  
Paul R. Crisostomo ◽  
Maiuxi C. Manukyan ◽  
Jeffrey A. Poynter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Cell Surface Markers ◽  
Local Inflammatory Response ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factor Production ◽  
Erk Inhibition ◽  
Different Levels

Stem cells may be a novel treatment modality for organ ischemia, possibly through beneficial paracrine mechanisms. Stem cells from older hosts have been shown to exhibit decreased function during stress. We therefore hypothesized that 1) neonatal bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (nBMSCs) would produce different levels of IL-6, VEGF, and IGF-1 compared with adults (aBMSCs) when stimulated with TNF or LPS; 2) differences in cytokines would be due to distinct cellular characteristics, such as proliferation or pluripotent potential; and 3) differences in cytokines would be associated with differences in p38 MAPK and ERK signaling within nBMSCs. BMSCs were isolated from adult and neonatal mice. Cells were exposed to TNF or LPS with or without p38 or ERK inhibition. Growth factors were measured via ELISA, proliferation via daily cell counts, cell surface markers via flow cytometry, and pluripotent potential via alkaline phosphatase activity. nBMSCs produced lower levels of IL-6 and VEGF, but higher levels of IGF-1 under basal conditions, as well as after stimulation with TNF, but not LPS. Neonatal and adult BMSCs had similar pluripotent potentials and cell surface markers, but nBMSCs proliferated faster. Furthermore, p38 and ERK appeared to play a more substantial role in nBMSC cytokine and growth factor production. Neonatal stem cells may aid in decreasing the local inflammatory response during ischemia, and could possibly be expanded more rapidly than adult cells prior to therapeutic use.

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