scholarly journals Metallurgical Mechanism and Optical Properties of CuSnZnSSe Powders Using a 2-Step Sintering Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tai-Hsiang Liu ◽  
Fei-Yi Hung ◽  
Truan-Sheng Lui ◽  
Kuan-Jen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Raman Shift ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Absorber Material ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Of Structure ◽  
Sintering Processes

Cu2SnZn(S + Se)4is an excellent absorber material for solar cells. This study obtained Cu2SnZn(S + Se)4powders through solid state reaction by the ball milling and sintering processes from elemental Cu, Zn, Sn, S, and Se without using either polluting chemicals or expensive vacuum facilities. Ratios of S/S + Se in CuSnZnSSe were controlled from 0 to 1. The results showed that the 2-step sintering process (400°C for 12 hrs and then 700°C for 1 hr) was able to stabilize the composition and structure of the CuSnZnSSe powders. The crystallized intensity of the CuSnZnS matrix decreased with increasing the Se content. Raising the Se content restrained the SnS phase and reduced the resistance of the absorber layer. In addition, Raman data confirmed that Se caused a Raman shift in the CuSnZnSSe matrix and enhanced the optical properties of the CuSnZnSSe powders. For the interface of CuSnZnSSe film and Mo substrate, Mo could diffuse into CuSnZnSSe matrix after 200°C annealing. The interface thermal diffusion of CuSnZnSSe/ZnS improved the effects of stack to enhance the stability of structure.

scholarly journals Impact of Lithium Composition on Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of Lithium Cobaltite Prepared by Solid-state Reaction

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Khatun ◽  
M. A. Gafur ◽  
M. S. Ali ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
M. A. R. Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Cathode Material ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Layered Crystal ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electronic And Optical Properties ◽  
Lithium Cobaltite

The lithium-cobalt oxide LixCoO2 is a promising candidate as highly active cathode material of lithium ion rechargeable batteries. The crystalline-layered lithium cobaltite has attracted increased attention due to recent discoveries of some extraordinary properties such as unconventional transport and magnetic properties. Due to layered crystal structure, Li contents (x) in LixCoO2 might play an important role on its interesting properties. LiCoO2 crystalline cathode material was prepared by using solid-state reaction synthesis, and then LixCoO2 (x<1) has been synthesized by deintercalation of produced single-phase powders. Structure and morphology of the synthesized powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy, Impedance analyzer etc. The influence of lithium composition (x) on structural, electronic and optical properties of lithium cobaltite was studied. Temperature dependent electrical resistivity was measured using four-probe technique. While LixCoO2 with x = 0.9 is a semiconductor, the highly Li-deficient phase (0.75 ? x ? 0.5) exhibits metallic conductivity. The ionic conductivity of LixCoO2 (x = 0.5 – 1.15) was measured using impedance spectroscopy and maximum conductivity of Li0.5CoO2 was found to be 6.5×10-6 S/cm at 273 K. The properties that are important for applications, such as ionic conductivity, charge capacity, and optical absorption are observed to increase with Li deficiency. Keywords: Calcination; Characterization; Inorganic compounds; Solid-State reaction; X-ray diffraction. © 2014 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v6i2.17900 J. Sci. Res. 6 (2), 217-231 (2014)  

Effects of CuO on the Preparation, Microstructure and Dielectric Response of CaCu3Ti4O12

2008 ◽  
Vol 368-372 ◽  
pp. 121-122
Author(s):  
Jian Fang Qiao ◽  
Dan Dan Qin ◽  
Li Guan ◽  
Hai Long Wang ◽  
Rui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Barrier Layer ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Dielectric Response ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Ceramic Capacitor ◽  
Inhomogeneous Microstructure ◽  
Maximum Permittivity

CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) barrier layer ceramic capacitor was prepared by a two-step sintering process. The CCTO powders were pre-synthesized at 900oC by solid-state reaction and the effects of the amount of CuO on the formation of the CCTO powders were investigated. The CCTO ceramics were prepared by the second-step sintering. It was found that the abnormal grain growth and inhomogeneous microstructure are controlled by the amount of excessive CuO. The optimized CuO content in the composites is ~14 wt%. The maximum permittivity is 115,000 (1 kHz, 210oC).

Solid state synthesis, characterization, optical properties and cooperative catalytic performance of bismuth vanadate nanocatalyst for Biginelli reactions

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (31) ◽  
pp. 24313-24318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Khademinia ◽  
Mahdi Behzad ◽  
Hamideh Samari Jahromi
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Bismuth Vanadate ◽  
Solid State Synthesis ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Biginelli Reactions

Bi2V2O7 nano powders were synthesized via a solid state reaction at 500 °C for 8 h using Bi(NO3)3 and VO(acac)2 at stoichiometric 1 : 1 Bi : V molar ratio as raw materials.

ROOM-TEMPERATURE SOLID-STATE REACTION TO TREE-LIKE FRACTAL NANO-CdS AND THIRD-ORDER NONLINEAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES

NANO ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 1350035
Author(s):  
TAO-YU ZHOU ◽  
HUI WANG ◽  
XIAO-PING KANG ◽  
XIN-QUAN XIN
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Cadmium Sulfide ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Properties ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Focusing Effect

A novel tree-like nano-cadmium sulfide (CdS) with the fractal feature is synthesized by solid-state reaction at room temperature from complex precursor with aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid (ATMP) as ligand. The obtained sample is the crystalline cubic beta cadmium sulfide. The tree is composed of nanorods with an average diameter of ca. 95 nm and a length of up to 100–650 nm. The nanorods grow in the asymmetrical "Y" shape. The amount of ATMP plays an important role in the formation of fractal structure. Nonlinear optical (NLO) measurements by the Z-scan technique exhibit that the tree-like fractal nano- CdS has the third-order nonlinear optical properties of both NLO absorption and NLO refraction with self-focusing effect and the optical limiting performance.

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