Optimization of the Composition of the Ointment with Phytoecdysteroids Serpisten

Introduction. Phytoecdysteroids are a group of natural compounds related in structure and physiological effect to ecdysone - the hormone of insect molting. Phytoecdisteroids have been found to have an antiflammatory effect, which suggests that they have regenerative properties. The development of a soft dosage form containing phytoecdysteroids is of interest.Aim. Improvement of ointment compositions with phytoecdysteroids by optimizing the composition of base adjuvants.Materials and methods. As an active substance was used Serpisten, containing the sum of phytoecdysteroids, the main of which is 20-hydroxyecdysone and obtained from the leaves of Serratulaecoronatae. Raw materials "Serpukhi crowned leaves" were registered by the Federal Service Rospotrebnadzor (Moscow) for the production of dietary supplements (Gr. No. 77.99.23.3.U.1922.3.08), substance Serpisten (Gr. No. 77.99.23.3.U.1923.3.08. TU 9369-002-15092611-2008). In work were used the excipients allowed for medical use: the monoglycerides distilled, T-2 emulsifier, tween 80, sodium - carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxide of aluminum, aero forces, vaseline, oil vaseline, sunflower oil. Optimization of ointment auxiliary substances composition was carried out according to the Greco-Latin 4 x 4 square plan with repeated observations. The concentration of hydrogen ions from aqueous ointments was evaluated as process parameters; acid number; release of serpistene from ointment into agar gel, thermal stability of structure. The structural and mechanical properties of the optimal composition ointment composition were determined on a RV type REOTEST 2.1 rotary viscometer (RHEOTEST Medingen GmbH, Germany). Ointment Bepanten (GP Grenzach Produktions GmbH, Germany) was used as a comparison preparation.Results and discussion. During optimization of the composition of the diphilic ointment with serpistene, was found that the ratio of hydrophobic and hydrophilic phases should be 1 : 1, it is advisable to introduce into the ointment base an emulsifier T-2, aerosil and a mixture of vaseline and vaseline oil in the proportion of 1 : 1. As a result of the carried out studies on the optimization of ointment compositions, the following serpisten ointment composition is proposed: serpisten - 0.02; emulsifier T-2 - 3.0; aerosil - 3.0; vaseline - 23.0; vaseline oil - 23.0; ethyl alcohol 40 % - 1 ml; purified water to 100.0. Comparative analysis of effective viscosity showed that the proposed composition is as close as possible to the Bepanten ointment.Conclusion. A set of technological studies was carried out to optimize the composition of the Serpisten, 0.02 °% ointment on a diphilic basis. The developed composition and technology made it possible to obtain a composition with thermal stability, bring the hydrogen index of the ointment closer to the pH of human skin and achieve the parameters included in the rheological optimum for dermatological ointments (0.34-108 Pa • s).

Low-cement content gravity dam as an alternative for Pskem HPP

In this paper, we consider the numerical justification of the possibility to construct a low-cement content concrete gravity dam as an alternative to the traditional solution with a rockfill dam in a Pskem HPP canyon on the river Pskem in Uzbekistan Republic. The calculation studies were performed using the finite element method (FEM), considering the non-linear (elastoplastic) behavior of concrete and foundation rock in the ANSYS software package. Seismic stability of structure was ascertained by means of time-dependent transient dynamic analysis in accordance with the implicit temporal scheme, since such approach allows to trace the development of plastic deformations in the structure and foundation during dynamic loading as well as to evaluate the possible adverse effects. Maximum design earthquake bicomponent accelerogram was involved as an input data for seismic stability analysis. According to the results of the study the conclusions were made about the possibility of construction of a high low-cement content concrete dam in geotechnical, hydrological and climatic conditions of the Pskem HPP site on the Pskem River as well as on the other HPPs of the Chirchik-Bozsu cascade in Uzbekistan Republic, which are now under design. The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 20-38-90160.

The extremal pentagon-chain polymers with respect to permanental sum

The permanental sum of a graph G can be defined as the sum of absolute value of coefficients of permanental polynomial of G. It is closely related to stability of structure of a graph, and its computing complexity is #P-complete. Pentagon-chain polymers is an important type of organic polymers. In this paper, we determine the upper and lower bounds of permanental sum of pentagon-chain polymers, and the corresponding pentagon-chain polymers are also determined.

STUDI PENGARUH KEMIRINGAN, JARAK, DAN PANJANG SOIL NAILING TERHADAP STABILITAS LERENG

Soft soil is commonly become the main problem in various types of construction. This type of soil has a low carrying capacity that could affect the stability of structure on it. As time goes by, there’s a various way to improving the stability of soil, such as using geotextile as the reinforcement. This material works by using membrane effect which only relies on its own tensile strength which can helps the subgrade by bearing the loads of embankment. In one project, embankment will be made with a very soft soil subgrade. To make sure the stability of the embankment, geotextile reinforcement is used. To save costs, the length of geotextile anchoring must be planned. The lower that embankment, the shorter geotextile anchoring is used. Meanwhile if the tensile capacity is getting higher, the shorter geotextile anchoring that will be used. And in this study, the ratio between the length of geotextile anchoring and the tensile strength is 0,9. Tanah lunak seringkali menjadi sumber berbagai masalah terhadap proses pada berbagai jenis konstruksi. Tanah lunak memiliki daya dukung yang kecil sehingga sangat berpengaruh terhadap proses konstruksi yang akan berlangsung dan terhadap stabilitas struktur yang berada di atasnya. Seiring berkembangnya zaman, salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan stabilitas tanah yaitu dengan menggunakan perkuatan berupa geotekstil. Geotekstil merupakan suatu geosintetik yang berbentuk seperti karpet atau kain yang bersifat permeable (tidak kedap air). Cara kerja geotekstil yaitu dengan menggunakan metode membrance effect dimana hanya menggunakan kuat tariknya sendiri yang dapat membantu tanah dasar untuk memikul beban agar struktur yang berada di atasnya menjadi lebih stabil. Pada suatu proyek akan dibuat timbunan dengan ketinggian yang beragam di atas tanah dasar yang lunak. Material geotekstil terbukti dapat menstabilkan timbunan yang berada di atas tanah lunak. Untuk menghemat biaya yang dikeluarkan maka panjang penjangkaran yang digunakan harus direncanakan. Untuk timbunan yang rendah, panjang penjangkaran geotekstil yang digunakan lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan timbunan yang lebih tinggi dan apabila kekuatan tarik geotekstil ingin ditingkatkan maka panjang penjangkaran yang dibutuhkan akan semakin kecil, begitupun juga sebaliknya dan pada penelitian kali ini rasio panjang penjangkaran terhadap kuat tarik yang didapatkan adalah sebesar 0,9.

The Effect of Polyvinyl Alcohol on the System of Cement-Free Binding Alumino-Silicate Composition

Cement-free binding materials are a promising type of materials. The relevance and the possibility of increased efficiency of these materials are reasoned by environmental and technical-economic conditions of the current state of building industry. As a result of research, the following effect was established: polyvinyl alcohol on cement-free highly concentrated aluminosilicate binder suspension, obtained from granio-diorite screenings, increases the stability of structure-forming processes, due to the formation of associates and binding particles in the form of bulk network structures, that create a frame. Polyvinyl alcohol plays the role of a non-ionic regulator of the dimension and stability of these emerging structures, that determine and control the properties of the material, as a whole.