scholarly journals An Overview of the Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Gut Infections and Inflammation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Sedda ◽  
Irene Marafini ◽  
Michele M. Figliuzzi ◽  
Francesco Pallone ◽  
Giovanni Monteleone
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Lymphoid Organogenesis

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a group of hematopoietic cells devoid of antigen receptors that have important functions in lymphoid organogenesis, in the defense against extracellular pathogens, and in the maintenance of the epithelial barrier. Three distinct groups of ILCs have been identified on the basis of phenotypic and functional criteria and termed ILCs1, ILCs2, and ILCs3. Specifically, ILCs1 express the transcription factor T-bet and secrete T helper type-1- (Th1-) related cytokines, ILCs2 are dependent on the transcription factor RORαand express Gata-3 and the chemokine receptor homologous molecule (CRTH2) and produce Th2-related cytokines, and ILCs3 express the transcription factor RORγt and synthesize interleukin- (IL-) 17, IL-22, and, under specific stimuli, interferon-γ. ILCs represent a relatively small population in the gut, but accumulating evidence suggests that these cells could play a decisive role in orchestrating both protective and detrimental immune responses. In this review, we will summarize the present knowledge on the distribution of ILCs in the intestinal mucosa, with particular focus on their role in the control of both infections and effector cytokine response in immune-mediated pathologies.

A pro-inflammatory role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in murine immune-mediated hepatitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Karimi ◽  
K Neumann ◽  
J Meiners ◽  
R Voetlause ◽  
W Dammermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Immune Mediated

scholarly journals Role of innate lymphoid cells in allergic diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Asghar Pasha ◽  
Gargi Patel ◽  
Russell Hopp ◽  
Qi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Allergic Disorders

Background: Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest and research into understanding the type 2 immune responses by the epithelium-derived cytokines interleukin (IL) 33, IL-25, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a unique family of effector immune cells that functionally resemble T cells but lack clonal distributed antigen receptors. Group 2 ILCs, ILC2s, are known for their capability to secrete proallergic cytokines, including IL-5 and IL-13. ILC2s are enriched at mucosal barriers in lung, gut, and skin, and their activation has been associated with a variety of allergic disorders. Objective: To study the role of ILC2 in different allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. Methods: A MEDLINE search was performed for articles that reported on ILC2 in allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. Results: A review of the literature revealed an important role of ILC2 in various allergic disorders. Conclusion: Identification of ILC2s in patients with allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis indicates that these cells may represent a new therapeutic target. In this review, we discussed the current understanding of ILC2 biology and its function and regulation in various allergic diseases.

scholarly journals Innate Lymphoid Cells in Autoimmune Diseases

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelie S. Clottu ◽  
Morgane Humbel ◽  
Natalia Fluder ◽  
Maria P. Karampetsou ◽  
Denis Comte
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Antigen Specificity ◽  
Th 1 ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue Inducer

Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a heterogeneous group of immune cells characterized by lymphoid morphology and cytokine profile similar to T cells but which do not express clonally distributed diverse antigen receptors. These particular cells express transcription factors and cytokines reflecting their similarities to T helper (Th)1, Th2, and Th17 cells and are therefore referred to as ILC1, ILC2, and ILC3. Other members of the ILC subsets include lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) and regulatory ILC (ILCreg). Natural killer (NK) cells share a common progenitor with ILC and also exhibit a lymphoid phenotype without antigen specificity. ILC are found in low numbers in peripheral blood but are much more abundant at barrier sites such as the skin, liver, airways, lymph nodes, and the gastrointestinal tract. They play an important role in innate immunity due to their capacity to respond rapidly to pathogens through the production of cytokines. Recent evidence has shown that ILC also play a key role in autoimmunity, as alterations in their number or function have been identified in systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of the role of ILC in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, with particular emphasis on their role as a potential diagnostic biomarker and as therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals A Proinflammatory Role of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Murine Immune-Mediated Hepatitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Neumann ◽  
Khalil Karimi ◽  
Jana Meiners ◽  
Ruth Voetlause ◽  
Silja Steinmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Proinflammatory Role

Role of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells and the Alarmin IL-33 in a Mouse Model of Immune-Mediated Hepatitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. S517
Author(s):  
K. Neumann ◽  
K. Karimi ◽  
J. Meiners ◽  
R. Voetlause ◽  
W. Dammermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Immune Mediated

scholarly journals Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells: Friends or Foes—Role in Airway Allergic Inflammation and Asthma

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Pishdadian ◽  
Abdol-Reza Varasteh ◽  
Mojtaba Sankian
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
First Line ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Type 2 Cytokines

Innate-like lymphocytes (ILLs) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are two newly characterized families of lymphocytes with limited and no rearranged antigen receptors, respectively. These soldiers provide a first line of defense against foreign insults by triggering a prompt innate immune response and bridging the gap of innate and adaptive immunity. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs2) are newly identified members of the ILC family that play a key role in type 2 immune responses by prompt production of type 2 cytokines (especially IL-5 and IL-13) in response to antigen-induced IL-25/33 and by recruiting type 2 “immune franchise.” Regarding the two different roles of type 2 cytokines, helminth expulsion and type 2-related diseases, here we review the latest advances in ILC2 biology and examine the pivotal role of resident ILCs2 in allergen-specific airway inflammation and asthma.

scholarly journals The role of donor‐unrestricted T‐cells, innate lymphoid cells, and NK cells in anti‐mycobacterial immunity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Ruibal ◽  
Linda Voogd ◽  
Simone A. Joosten ◽  
Tom H. M. Ottenhoff
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells

scholarly journals Transcriptional regulatory networks that promote and restrict identities and functions of intestinal innate lymphoid cells

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pokrovskii ◽  
Jason A. Hall ◽  
David E. Ochayon ◽  
Ren Yi ◽  
Natalia S. Chaimowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Chromatin Accessibility ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory Networks ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory

SummaryInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) can be subdivided into several distinct cytokine-secreting lineages that promote tissue homeostasis and immune defense but also contribute to inflammatory diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that ILCs, similarly to other immune populations, are capable of phenotypic and functional plasticity in response to infectious or environmental stimuli. Yet the transcriptional circuits that control ILC identity and function are largely unknown. Here we integrate gene expression and chromatin accessibility data to infer transcriptional regulatory networks within intestinal type 1, 2, and 3 ILCs. We predict the “core” sets of transcription-factor (TF) regulators driving each ILC subset identity, among which only a few TFs were previously known. To assist in the interpretation of these networks, TFs were organized into cooperative clusters, or modules that control gene programs with distinct functions. The ILC network reveals extensive alternative-lineage-gene repression, whose regulation may explain reported plasticity between ILC subsets. We validate new roles for c-MAF and BCL6 as regulators affecting the type 1 and type 3 ILC lineages. Manipulation of TF pathways identified here might provide a novel means to selectively regulate ILC effector functions to alleviate inflammatory disease or enhance host tolerance to pathogenic microbes or noxious stimuli. Our results will enable further exploration of ILC biology, while our network approach will be broadly applicable to identifying key cell state regulators in otherin vivocell populations.

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