scholarly journals Innate Lymphoid Cells in Autoimmune Diseases

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelie S. Clottu ◽  
Morgane Humbel ◽  
Natalia Fluder ◽  
Maria P. Karampetsou ◽  
Denis Comte
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Antigen Specificity ◽  
Th 1 ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue Inducer

Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a heterogeneous group of immune cells characterized by lymphoid morphology and cytokine profile similar to T cells but which do not express clonally distributed diverse antigen receptors. These particular cells express transcription factors and cytokines reflecting their similarities to T helper (Th)1, Th2, and Th17 cells and are therefore referred to as ILC1, ILC2, and ILC3. Other members of the ILC subsets include lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) and regulatory ILC (ILCreg). Natural killer (NK) cells share a common progenitor with ILC and also exhibit a lymphoid phenotype without antigen specificity. ILC are found in low numbers in peripheral blood but are much more abundant at barrier sites such as the skin, liver, airways, lymph nodes, and the gastrointestinal tract. They play an important role in innate immunity due to their capacity to respond rapidly to pathogens through the production of cytokines. Recent evidence has shown that ILC also play a key role in autoimmunity, as alterations in their number or function have been identified in systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of the role of ILC in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, with particular emphasis on their role as a potential diagnostic biomarker and as therapeutic targets.

scholarly journals Role of innate lymphoid cells in allergic diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Asghar Pasha ◽  
Gargi Patel ◽  
Russell Hopp ◽  
Qi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Allergic Disorders

Background: Over the past decade, there has been increasing interest and research into understanding the type 2 immune responses by the epithelium-derived cytokines interleukin (IL) 33, IL-25, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a unique family of effector immune cells that functionally resemble T cells but lack clonal distributed antigen receptors. Group 2 ILCs, ILC2s, are known for their capability to secrete proallergic cytokines, including IL-5 and IL-13. ILC2s are enriched at mucosal barriers in lung, gut, and skin, and their activation has been associated with a variety of allergic disorders. Objective: To study the role of ILC2 in different allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. Methods: A MEDLINE search was performed for articles that reported on ILC2 in allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. Results: A review of the literature revealed an important role of ILC2 in various allergic disorders. Conclusion: Identification of ILC2s in patients with allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis indicates that these cells may represent a new therapeutic target. In this review, we discussed the current understanding of ILC2 biology and its function and regulation in various allergic diseases.

scholarly journals An Overview of the Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Gut Infections and Inflammation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Sedda ◽  
Irene Marafini ◽  
Michele M. Figliuzzi ◽  
Francesco Pallone ◽  
Giovanni Monteleone
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Lymphoid Organogenesis

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a group of hematopoietic cells devoid of antigen receptors that have important functions in lymphoid organogenesis, in the defense against extracellular pathogens, and in the maintenance of the epithelial barrier. Three distinct groups of ILCs have been identified on the basis of phenotypic and functional criteria and termed ILCs1, ILCs2, and ILCs3. Specifically, ILCs1 express the transcription factor T-bet and secrete T helper type-1- (Th1-) related cytokines, ILCs2 are dependent on the transcription factor RORαand express Gata-3 and the chemokine receptor homologous molecule (CRTH2) and produce Th2-related cytokines, and ILCs3 express the transcription factor RORγt and synthesize interleukin- (IL-) 17, IL-22, and, under specific stimuli, interferon-γ. ILCs represent a relatively small population in the gut, but accumulating evidence suggests that these cells could play a decisive role in orchestrating both protective and detrimental immune responses. In this review, we will summarize the present knowledge on the distribution of ILCs in the intestinal mucosa, with particular focus on their role in the control of both infections and effector cytokine response in immune-mediated pathologies.

scholarly journals Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells: Friends or Foes—Role in Airway Allergic Inflammation and Asthma

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Pishdadian ◽  
Abdol-Reza Varasteh ◽  
Mojtaba Sankian
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Antigen Receptors ◽  
First Line ◽  
Innate And Adaptive Immunity ◽  
Type 2 Cytokines

Innate-like lymphocytes (ILLs) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are two newly characterized families of lymphocytes with limited and no rearranged antigen receptors, respectively. These soldiers provide a first line of defense against foreign insults by triggering a prompt innate immune response and bridging the gap of innate and adaptive immunity. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs2) are newly identified members of the ILC family that play a key role in type 2 immune responses by prompt production of type 2 cytokines (especially IL-5 and IL-13) in response to antigen-induced IL-25/33 and by recruiting type 2 “immune franchise.” Regarding the two different roles of type 2 cytokines, helminth expulsion and type 2-related diseases, here we review the latest advances in ILC2 biology and examine the pivotal role of resident ILCs2 in allergen-specific airway inflammation and asthma.

scholarly journals The Role of Cytokine in the Lupus Nephritis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunori Iwata ◽  
Kengo Furuichi ◽  
Shuichi Kaneko ◽  
Takashi Wada
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Nephritis ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Targeted Intervention ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Th 1

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although numerous abnormalities of immune system have been proposed, cytokine overexpression plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of LN. In the initial phase of the disease, the immune deposits and/or autoantibodies induce cytokine production in renal resident cells, leading to further inflammatory cytokine/chemokine expression and leukocyte infiltration and activation. Then, infiltrate leukocytes, such as macrophages (Mφ) and dendritic cells (DCs), secrete a variety of cytokines and activate naïve T cells, leading the cytokine profile towards T helper (Th)1, Th2, and/or Th17. Recent studies revealed these inflammatory processes in experimental animal models as well as human LN. The cytokine targeted intervention may have the therapeutic potentials for LN. This paper focuses on the expression of cytokine and its functional role in the pathogenesis of LN.

A pro-inflammatory role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in murine immune-mediated hepatitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Karimi ◽  
K Neumann ◽  
J Meiners ◽  
R Voetlause ◽  
W Dammermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Immune Mediated

scholarly journals The role of donor‐unrestricted T‐cells, innate lymphoid cells, and NK cells in anti‐mycobacterial immunity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Ruibal ◽  
Linda Voogd ◽  
Simone A. Joosten ◽  
Tom H. M. Ottenhoff
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells

scholarly journals Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine in Autoimmune Diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhuvaneshwari Sampath ◽  
Priyadarshan Kathirvelu ◽  
Kavitha Sankaranarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Autoimmune Condition ◽  
Recent Trends

The role of immune system in our body is to defense against the foreign bodies. However, if the immune system fails to recognize self and non-self-cells in our body leads to autoimmune diseases. Widespread autoimmune diseases are rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and more yet to be added to the list. This chapter discusses about how stem cell-based therapies and advancement of regenerative medicine endow with novel treatment for autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, in detail, specific types of stem cells and their therapeutic approach for each autoimmune condition along with their efficiency to obtain desired results are discussed. Ultimately, this chapter describes the recent trends in treating autoimmune diseases effectively using advanced stem cell research.

scholarly journals T cell-derived IFN-γ downregulates protective group 2 innate lymphoid cells in murine lupus erythematosus

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1364-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathis Düster ◽  
Martina Becker ◽  
Ann-Christin Gnirck ◽  
Malte Wunderlich ◽  
Ulf Panzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Protective Group ◽  
Murine Lupus ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Group 2
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