scholarly journals Water Management Practices Affect Arsenic and Cadmium Accumulation in Rice Grains

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liming Sun ◽  
Manman Zheng ◽  
Hongyan Liu ◽  
Shaobing Peng ◽  
Jianliang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
Flooded Rice ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Promising Strategy

Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) accumulation in rice grains is a great threat to its productivity, grain quality, and thus human health. Pot and field studies were carried out to unravel the effect of different water management practices (aerobic, aerobic-flooded, and flooded) on Cd and As accumulation in rice grains of two different varieties. In pot experiment, Cd or As was also added into the soil as treatment. Pots without Cd or As addition were maintained as control. Results indicated that water management practices significantly influenced the Cd and As concentration in rice grains and aerobic cultivation of rice furnished less As concentration in its grains. Nonetheless, Cd concentration in this treatment was higher than the grains of flooded rice. Likewise, in field study, aerobic and flooded rice cultivation recorded higher Cd and As concentration, respectively. However, growing of rice in aerobic-flooded conditions decreased the Cd concentration by 9.38 times on average basis as compared to aerobic rice. Furthermore, this treatment showed 28% less As concentration than that recorded in flooded rice cultivation. The results suggested that aerobic-flooded cultivation may be a promising strategy to reduce the Cd and As accumulations in rice grains simultaneously.

scholarly journals Erratum to “Water Management Practices Affect Arsenic and Cadmium Accumulation in Rice Grains”

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Liming Sun ◽  
Manman Zheng ◽  
Hongyan Liu ◽  
Shaobing Peng ◽  
Jianliang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Rice Grains

scholarly journals Compost enriched with ZnO and Zn-solubilising bacteria improves yield and Zn-fortification in flooded rice

2018 ◽  
pp. 310-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Zeb ◽  
Azhar Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Allah Ditta ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase Activity ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Flooded Rice

Zinc (Zn) is an essential element for humans, animals and plants, however, its deficiency has been widely reported around the world especially in flooded rice. Adequate amount of Zn is considered essential for optimum growth and development of rice. We hypothesised that management practices like Zn-mineral fertiliser, -compost, and -solubilising bacteria would improve Zn availability and uptake in flooded rice. A series of studies were conducted to find out the comparative efficacy of Zn-enriched composts (Zn-ECs) with Zn solubilising bacteria (ZnSB) vs. ZnSO4 for improved growth, yield and Zn accumulation in rice. There were six treatments viz. control, ZnSB, ZnO (80% Zn), ZnSO4 (33% Zn), Zn-EC80:20 and Zn-EC60:40. In all the treatments, Zn was applied at the rate of 5 kg ha–1 except the control. The treatment Zn-EC60:40 resulted in the maximum Zn release in soil as compared to ZnSO4 and all other treatments during incubation study. The treatment Zn-EC60:40 significantly improved root dry weight, grain yield and 100-grain weight of rice by 15, 22 and 28%, respectively as compared to ZnSO4. The same treatment resulted in the maximum increase in photosynthetic rate (11%), transpiration rate (21%), stomatal conductance (17%), chlorophyll contents (8%) and carbonic anhydrase activity (10%) while a decrease of 27% in electrolyte leakage was observed in comparison with ZnSO4 application. Moreover, the maximum increase in grain quality parameters and Zn bioaccumulation was observed with the application of Zn-EC60:40 in comparison with ZnSO4 application and all other treatments. We conclude that Zn-EC60:40 are not only an effective strategy to improve growth, physiology and yield parameters of rice, but also to improve the grain quality and Zn-bioaccumulation in rice compared to ZnSO4.

Arsenic Accumulation in Rice Grains: Effects of Cultivars and Water Management Practices

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Hua ◽  
Wengui Yan ◽  
Jianmin Wang ◽  
Baolin Deng ◽  
John Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Arsenic Accumulation

The effects of current water management practices on methane emissions in Japanese rice cultivation

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Leon ◽  
Kazunori Kohyama ◽  
Kazuyuki Yagi ◽  
Yusuke Takata ◽  
Hiroshi Obara
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Current Water

scholarly journals Corn Hybrid Response to Water Management Practices on Claypan Soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Nelson ◽  
Randall L. Smoot
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
The Past ◽  
Claypan Soil ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
Corn Hybrid

A study evaluated corn (Zea maysL.) hybrids (Asgrow785, DKC61-73, DKC63-42, LG2642, and Kruger2114) and water management systems (nondrained, nonirrigated (NDNI); drained, nonirrigated (DNI) with subsurface drain tiles 6.1 and 12.2 m apart; drained plus subirrigated (DSI) with tiles 6.1 and 12.2 m apart; nondrained, overhead irrigated (NDOHI)) on yields, plant population, and grain quality from 2008 to 2010. Precipitation during this study was 36 to 283 mm above the past decade. Planting date was delayed 18 d in the nondrained control in 2009, and additional delayed planting controls were included this year. Grain yields were similar in the 6.1- and 12.2 m-spaced DNI and DSI systems in 2008 and 2010, but plant population increased 74% and yields were 3.1 Mg ha−1greater with DSI at a 6.1 m spacing compared to 12.2 m in 2009. At a 6.1 m spacing, DNI or DSI increased yield 1.1 to 6.6 Mg ha−1(10 to over 50%) compared to NDNI or NDOHI soil. High yielding hybrids achieved similar yields with DNI, while NDNI DKC63-42 had 1.2 Mg ha−1greater yields compared to DKC61-73. A 6.1 m spacing for DNI claypan soils is recommended for high yielding corn production.

Concepts and Practices for Improving Nitrogen Management for Vegetables

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Hochmuth
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Land Grant ◽  
Land Grant Universities ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
N Management

Efficient N management practices usually involve many potential strategies, but always involve choosing the correct amount of N and the coupling of N management to efficient water management. Nitrogen management strategies are integral parts of improved production practices recommended by land-grant universities such as the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Univ. of Florida. This paper, which draws heavily on research and experience in Florida, outlines the concepts and technologies for managing vegetable N fertilization to minimize negative impacts on the environment.

Economic incentives encourage farmers to improve water management in California

Water Policy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Wichelns
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Drain Water ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
San Joaquin River ◽  
Water Volumes ◽  
Individual Use

Economic incentives are used in many situations to motivate improvements in the use of scarce resources. In some areas, implementing appropriate incentives is made challenging by the nature of existing institutions or the inability to assign property rights and measure individual use of key resources. Higher prices for irrigation water can motivate wiser use of water in regions where the opportunity cost of water is rising, due to increasing municipal, industrial and environmental demands. This paper describes how an increasing block-rate pricing structure was designed and implemented in an irrigation district in central California. The goals of the program were to improve water management practices and reduce the volume of subsurface drain water discharged into the San Joaquin River. Results describing reductions in average irrigation depths and drain water volumes, collected throughout the 1990s, demonstrate the potential for achieving resource management goals with economic incentives that motivate changes in farm-level management practices. Complementary incentive programs and issues regarding program implementation and the sustainability of drain water reduction efforts in an arid region also are discussed.

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