scholarly journals Assessment of T2-Weighted Coronal Magnetic Resonance Images in the Investigation of Pituitary Lesions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruken Yuksekkaya ◽  
Levent Aggunlu ◽  
Yusuf Oner ◽  
Halil Celik ◽  
Sergin Akpek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Contrast Material ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Intravenous Contrast ◽  
Primary Evaluation ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Accuracy Rates

Magnetic resonance imaging is the most important diagnostic method in the investigation of the pituitary lesions. Our aim is to determine whether T2-weighted coronal images may be helpful in the evaluation of the pituitary gland with suspected pituitary adenomas. One hundred and sixty-seven patients were examined prospectively with T2-weighted coronal and T1-weighted coronal images enhanced with intravenous contrast material. The images were evaluated for the presence, the size, the location, and the ancillary signs including sellar floor erosion or ballooning, infindibulary deviation, convexity of the superior border of the gland, diffuse enlargement of the gland, and the invasion of the cavenous sinuses on both images. In forty-six (28%) patients lesions were revealed on both sequences. In twenty-one (12%) patients the lesions that were revealed on the T1-weighted images were not detected on the T2-weighted images. Positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy rates of T2-weighted coronal images on the detection of the presence of lesions were 100%, 17.4%, 68.7%, 100%, and 87.4%, respectively. Both T2-weighted coronal and T1-weighted coronal images enhanced with intravenous gadolinium-based contrast material are important in the diagnosis of pituitary adenomas. T2-weighted coronal images could be used as a screening tool for the primary evaluation of the pituitary gland.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Images and Weight-Bearing Radiographs in Patients With Arthroscopic-Proven Medial Osteoarthritis of the Knee

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117954412093836
Author(s):  
Nuria Muñoz-García ◽  
José Cordero-Ampuero ◽  
Rosario Madero-Jarabo
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Osteoarthritis Of The Knee ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Arthroscopic Findings ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Aims: The aim of this study is to analyze the diagnostic value of weight-bearing radiographs, magnetic resonance images (MRI), and the combination of both in osteoarthritic knees when using arthroscopic findings as the “gold standard” to compare with. Methods: A total of 59 patients were studied because of chronic pain in 1 of their knees. Radiographs were classified according to Kellgren-Lawrence scale. Magnetic resonance images were classified according to Vallotton, and arthroscopic findings according to Outerbridge criteria. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were, respectively, 75.0%, 60.0%, 56.2%, 77.8%, and 66.1% for weight-bearing radiographs, and 70.8%, 88.6%, 81.0%, 81.6%, and 81.4% for MRI. Logistic regression analysis showed that a weight-bearing radiograph added to MRI offered no additional diagnostic value compared with MRI alone ( P < .001). Conclusions: Magnetic resonance images presented higher specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy than weight-bearing radiographs for knee osteoarthritis. The combination of radiographs and MRI did not improve the diagnostic accuracy, compared with MRI alone.

MENSURATION OF THE NORMAL PITUITARY GLAND FROM MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES IN 96 DOGS

2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hege Kippenes ◽  
Patrick R. Gavin ◽  
Susan L. Kraft ◽  
Ronald D. Sande ◽  
Russell L. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Normal Pituitary Gland

scholarly journals Role of MRI in the Diagnosis of Injury to the Lisfranc Ligament Complex

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0029
Author(s):  
Christopher Kreulen ◽  
Eric Giza ◽  
Eva Escobedo ◽  
Cyrus Bateni ◽  
Michael Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lisfranc Injury ◽  
Radiology Reports ◽  
Lisfranc Ligament ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Category: Sports Introduction/Purpose: Subtle Lisfranc ligamentous injuries are difficult to diagnose and magnetic resonance is becoming a useful tool. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the diagnosis of injuries of the Lisfranc ligament complex. Methods: The radiology database was searched between Jan 1, 2010 and Mar 10, 2015 to identify patients over the age of 18 years who had MR imaging of the foot for suspected injury of the Lisfranc ligament complex. MR images were reviewed by 2 fellowship trained musculoskeletal radiologists, whom were blinded to the original radiology reports. Findings were categorized as: no injury or injury present. Injury was deemed to be present if 2 of the 3 components of C1-M2 ligament showed disruption or signal alterations on T1 and T2 weighted images. Disagreements were resolved by consensus. Correlation was made with surgical findings whenever performed. In patients not undergoing surgery, the presence or absence of injury was determined by clinical examination performed by an orthopedic surgeon and follow-up. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of MR for diagnosis of Lisfranc ligament complex injury was determined. Results: Of 60 patients, 9 were excluded due to a lack of follow-up. Lisfranc injury was determined to be present on MR in 26 patients and 18 underwent surgery. Injury was confirmed in 16, and 2 were intact. 2 patients underwent closed reduction and were clinically determined to be injured. 6 of the injured 26 patients were sprained and not injured/torn on clinical evaluation. Of the 25 patients determined to have no injury on MR, 24 were intact clinically. 1 patient had a Lisfranc injury on follow-up. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MR for detection of significant Lisfranc injury were 94.7% (CI: 73.9% to 99.9%), 75% (CI: 56.6% to 88.5%), 69.2% (CI: 55% to 80.5%) and 96% (CI: 77.9% to 99.4%) respectively. Conclusion: MR has a high sensitivity and negative predictive value for diagnosis of injury to the Lisfranc ligament complex. MR of the foot should be considered in patients with clinical suspicion of injury to the Lisfranc ligament complex, and it is highly accurate in excluding such injuries.

scholarly journals Correlation of magnetic resonance imaging and post-ablation endoscopy to detect oesophageal thermal injury in patients after atrial fibrillation ablation: MRI-EDEL-study

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 1009-1016
Author(s):  
Philipp Halbfass ◽  
Lukas Lehmkuhl ◽  
Borek Foldyna ◽  
Artur Berkovitz ◽  
Kai Sonne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Oesophageal Injury ◽  
Mri Sequences ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Signal Intensities

Abstract Aims  To correlate oesophageal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities with ablation-induced oesophageal injury detected in endoscopy. Methods and results  Ablation-naïve patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), who underwent ablation using a contact force sensing irrigated radiofrequency ablation catheter, received a cardiac MRI on the day of ablation, and post-ablation oesophageal endoscopy (OE) 1 day after ablation. Two MRI expert readers recorded presence of abnormal oesophageal tissue signal intensities, defined as increased oesophageal signal in T2-fat-saturated (T2fs), short-tau inversion-recovery (STIR), or late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequences. Oesophageal endoscopy was performed by experienced operators. Finally, we correlated the presence of any affection with endoscopically detected oesophageal thermal lesions (EDEL). Among 50 consecutive patients (age 67 ± 7 years, 60% male), who received post-ablation MRI and OE, complete MRI data were available in 44 of 50 (88%) patients. In OE, 7 of 50 (14%) presented with EDEL (Category 1 lesion: erosion n = 3, Category 2 lesion: ulcer n = 4). Among those with EDEL, 6 of 7 (86%) patients presented with increased signal intensities in all three MRI sequences, while only 2 of 37 (5%) showed hyperintensities in all three MRI sequences and negative endoscopy. Correspondingly, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) for MRI (increased signal in T2fs, STIR, and LGE) were 86%, 95%, 75%, and 97%, respectively. Conclusion  Increased signal intensity in T2fs, STIR, and LGE represents independent markers of EDEL. In particular, the combination of all three has the highest diagnostic value. Hence, MRI may represent an accurate, non-invasive method to exclude acute oesophageal injury after AF ablation (NPV: 97%).

Diagnostic Performance of Nanoparticle-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Diagnosis of Lymph Node Metastases in Patients With Endometrial and Cervical Cancer

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 2813-2821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea G. Rockall ◽  
Syed A. Sohaib ◽  
Mukesh G. Harisinghani ◽  
Syed A. Babar ◽  
Naveena Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Lymph Node Sampling ◽  
Node Metastases ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Purpose Lymph node metastases affect management and prognosis of patients with gynecologic malignancies. Preoperative nodal assessment with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is inaccurate. A new lymph node–specific contrast agent, ferumoxtran-10, composed of ultrasmall particles of iron oxide (USPIO), may enhance the detection of lymph node metastases independent of node size. Our aim was to compare the diagnostic performance of MRI with USPIO against standard size criteria. Methods Forty-four patients with endometrial (n = 15) or cervical (n = 29) cancer were included. MRI was performed before and after administration of USPIO. Two independent observers viewed the MR images before lymph node sampling. Lymph node metastases were predicted using size criteria and USPIO criteria. Lymph node sampling was performed in all patients. Results Lymph node sampling provided 768 pelvic or para-aortic nodes for pathology, of which 335 were correlated on MRI; 17 malignant nodes were found in 11 of 44 patients (25%). On a node-by-node basis, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) by size criteria were 29%*, 99%, 56%, and 96%, and by USPIO criteria (reader 1/reader 2) were 93%/82%* (*P = .008/.004), 97%/97%, 61%/59%, and 100%/99%, respectively (where [*] indicates the statistical difference of P = x/x between the two results marked by the asterisk). On a patient-by-patient basis, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV by size criteria were 27%*, 94%, 60%, and 79%, and by USPIO criteria (reader 1/reader 2) were 100%/91%* (*P = .031/.06), 94%/87%, 82%/71%, and 100%/96%, respectively. The κ statistic was 0.93. Conclusion Lymph node characterization with USPIO increases the sensitivity of MRI in the prediction of lymph node metastases, with no loss of specificity. This may greatly improve preoperative treatment planning.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Arthrography in Detecting Intra-articular Pathology Associated with Femoroacetabular Impingement

Joints ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
Christian Carulli ◽  
Filippo Tonelli ◽  
Tommaso Melani ◽  
Michele Pietragalla ◽  
Alioscia De Renzis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Femoroacetabular Impingement ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Arthrography ◽  
Loose Bodies ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Chondral Lesions ◽  
Labral Tears ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) in the detection of intra-articular lesions of the hip in patients affected by femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) by using arthroscopy as reference standard. Methods Twenty-nine consecutive hip arthroscopies performed in 24 patients were considered for the study. Patients had a mean age of 38.3 years. Ultrasound-guided 1.5-T MRA was performed with precontrast short tau inversion recovery, T1-weighted and PD coronal, T1-weighted, and T2-weighted axial with 3-mm-thick slice sequences, and postcontrast T1-weighted fat saturation MRA (Fat-SAT) axial, coronal and oblique sagittal, and T1-weighted Vibe 3D coronal sequences with MPR sagittal, axial, and radial reconstructions with 2-mm-thick slice and coronal density protonil (DP) Fat-SAT. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of MRA were evaluated by comparison arthroscopy for the following intra-articular findings: acetabular and femoral chondral lesions, labral degeneration, labral tears, synovitis, ligamentum teres (LT) tears, CAM lesions, pincer lesions, loose bodies, and osteophytes. Results An absolute per cent agreement (100%) was observed for all the variables in the assessment of CAM lesions. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of MRA were 100, 68.4, 72.7, and 100%, respectively, for acetabular chondral lesions; 100, 50, 47.3, and 100%, respectively, for femoral chondral lesions; 33, 85, 20, and 91.6%, respectively, for labral tears; 95, 71, 91.3, and 83.3%, respectively, for labral degeneration; 100, 88, 57.1, and 100%, respectively, for LT tears; 33.3, 85, 50, and 73.9%, respectively, for pincer lesions; 50, 96, 66.6, and 92.3%, respectively, for intra-articular loose bodies; and 100, 73.9, 50, and 100%, respectively, for osteophytes. Conclusion MRA may play an important role in detecting intra-articular lesions associated with FAI. This might be helpful for the preoperative planning before hip arthroscopy. Level of Evidence This is a Level 2, diagnostic accuracy study compared with gold standard.

scholarly journals Evaluation of different magnetic resonance imaging contrast materials to be used as dummy markers in image-guided brachytherapy for gynecologic malignancies

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-169
Author(s):  
Camila Pessoa Sales ◽  
Heloisa de Andrade Carvalho ◽  
Khallil Chaim Taverna ◽  
Bruno Fraccini Pastorello ◽  
Rodrigo Augusto Rubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Contrast Material ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Dwell Position ◽  
Weighted Sequences

Abstract Objective: To identify a contrast material that could be used as a dummy marker for magnetic resonance imaging. Materials and Methods: Magnetic resonance images were acquired with six different catheter-filling materials-water, glucose 50%, saline, olive oil, glycerin, and copper sulfate (CuSO4) water solution (2.08 g/L)-inserted into compatible computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging ring applicators placed in a phantom made of gelatin and CuSO4. The best contrast media were tested in four patients with the applicators in place. Results: In T2-weighted sequences, the best contrast was achieved with the CuSO4-filled catheters, followed by saline- and glycerin-filled catheters, which presented poor visualization. In addition (also in T2-weighted sequences), CuSO4 presented better contrast when tested in the phantom than when tested in the patients, in which it provided some contrast but with poor identification of the first dwell position, mainly in the ring. Conclusion: We found CuSO4 to be the best solution for visualization of the applicator channels, mainly in T2-weighted images in vitro, although the materials tested presented low signal intensity in the images obtained in vivo, as well as poor precision in determining the first dwell position.

Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cholesteatoma Using PROPELLER at 1.5T: A Single-Centre Retrospective Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon E. Clarke ◽  
Dipan Mistry ◽  
Talal AlThubaiti ◽  
M. Naeem Khan ◽  
David Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Second Look ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the diffusion-weighted periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction (PROPELLER) technique in the detection of cholesteatoma at our institution with surgical confirmation in all cases. Methods A retrospective review of 21 consecutive patients who underwent diffusion-weighted PROPELLER magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on a 1.5T MRI scanner prior to primary or revision/second-look surgery for suspected cholesteatoma from 2009-2012 was performed. Results Diffusion-weighted PROPELLER had a sensitivity of 75%, specificity of 60%, positive predictive value of 86%, and negative predictive value of 43%. In the 15 patients for whom the presence or absence of cholesteatoma was correctly predicted, there were 2 cases where the reported locations of diffusion restriction did not correspond to the location of the cholesteatoma observed at surgery. Conclusion On the basis of our retrospective study, we conclude that diffusion-weighted PROPELLER MRI is not sufficiently accurate to replace second look surgery at our institution.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging Determination of Normal Pituitary Gland Dimensions in Zaria, Northwest Nigerian Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Oluleke Ibinaiye ◽  
Sefia Olarinoye-Akorede ◽  
Olugbenga Kajogbola ◽  
Adamu Girei Bakari
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Normal Pituitary Gland ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nigerian Population ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age And Sex

Objectives: To determine the dimensions of normal pituitary gland using T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI) and to determine their relationship with age and sex. Materials and Methods: Cranial MRI scans of 100 individuals with clinically normal pituitary function (58 males and 42 females) and in the age range 14–82 years were reviewed in order to obtain volumetric measurements of the pituitary gland. The height, width, and depth of the pituitary were obtained from mid-sagittal and coronal planes, while the volume was calculated from these measured parameters. The data obtained were stratified based on age and sex for analysis. Statistical tests applied included Student's t-test and Pearson correlation. A minimum level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: The mean pituitary volumes were 334.1 ± 145.8 mm3 and 328.1 ± 129.2 mm3 while the mean pituitary heights were 6.45 ± 1.7 mm and 6.46 ± 1.57 mm in males and females, respectively. Although there was no statistically significant difference between pituitary height and pituitary volume in both sexes, they correlated negatively with increasing age (r = −202, P = 0.04 and r = −410, P = 0.000, respectively). Both parameters were highest in pubertal subjects and declined steadily with age, with a second peak occurring only for pituitary height in the sixth decade. The mean pituitary widths (9.08 ± 2.59 mm and 9.21 ± 1.86 mm) and depths (10.59 ± 1.71 mm and 10.49 ± 1.57 mm) in males and females, respectively, did not show remarkable changes with age and sex in the individuals studied. Conclusion: With this study, we have provided reference values in Nigerian population for the dimensions of normal pituitary gland, in order to facilitate assessment and diagnosis in patients with abnormalities of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis.

Multiparametric analysis of magnetic resonance images for glioma grading and patient survival time prediction

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 1052-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamón Garzín ◽  
Kyrre E Emblem ◽  
Kim Mouridsen ◽  
Baard Nedregaard ◽  
Paulina Due-Tønnessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Image Features ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Survival Prediction ◽  
Dynamic Susceptibility ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Time Prediction

Background A systematic comparison of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) options for glioma diagnosis is lacking. Purpose To investigate multiple MR-derived image features with respect to diagnostic accuracy in tumor grading and survival prediction in glioma patients. Material and Methods T1 pre- and post-contrast, T2 and dynamic susceptibility contrast scans of 74 glioma patients with histologically confirmed grade were acquired. For each patient, a set of statistical features was obtained from the parametric maps derived from the original images, in a region-of-interest encompassing the tumor volume. A forward stepwise selection procedure was used to find the best combinations of features for grade prediction with a cross-validated logistic model and survival time prediction with a cox proportional-hazards regression. Results Presence/absence of enhancement paired with kurtosis of the FM (first moment of the first-pass curve) was the feature combination that best predicted tumor grade (grade II vs. grade III-IV; median AUC = 0.96), with the main contribution being due to the first of the features. A lower predictive value (median AUC = 0.82) was obtained when grade IV tumors were excluded. Presence/absence of enhancement alone was the best predictor for survival time, and the regression was significant ( P < 0.0001). Conclusion Presence/absence of enhancement, reflecting transendothelial leakage, was the feature with highest predictive value for grade and survival time in glioma patients.

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