scholarly journals Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease: Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Human Gut Mucosa before and after Rifaximin

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Cianci ◽  
Simona Frosali ◽  
Danilo Pagliari ◽  
Paola Cesaro ◽  
Lucio Petruzziello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diverticular Disease ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gut Mucosa ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects

Background/Aim. Uncomplicated diverticular disease (UDD) is a frequent condition in adults. The pathogenesis of symptoms remains unknown. Bacteria are able to interact with Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and to induce inflammation through both innate immunity and T-cell recruitment. We investigated the pattern of TLRs 2 and 4 and the intestinal homing in patients with UDD before and after a course of Rifaximin.Methods. Forty consecutive patients with UDD and 20 healthy asymptomatic subjects were enrolled. Among UDD patients, 20 were assigned to a 2-month course of treatment with Rifaximin 1.2 g/day for 15 days/month and 20 received placebo. Blood sample and colonic biopsies were obtained from patients and controls. The samples were collected and analyzed at baseline and at the end of treatment. Flow cytometry was performed using monoclonal antibodies (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD103, TCR-gamma/delta, CD14, TLR2, and TLR4).Results. In UDD, TLR2 and TLR4 expression on immune cell subpopulations from blood and mucosa of the affected colon are altered as compared with controls. Rifaximin treatment induced significant modifications of altered conditions.Conclusions. Our data show the role of TLRs in the development of inflammation in UDD. TLRs distribution is altered in UDD and these alterations are reversed after antibiotic treatment. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT02068482.

scholarly journals Single‐Cell Immune Profiling in Coronary Artery Disease: The Role of State‐of‐the‐Art Immunophenotyping With Mass Cytometry in the Diagnosis of Atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine A. Kott ◽  
Stephen T. Vernon ◽  
Thomas Hansen ◽  
Macha de Dreu ◽  
Souvik K. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Mass Cytometry ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Serological Biomarkers

Abstract Coronary artery disease remains the leading cause of death globally and is a major burden to every health system in the world. There have been significant improvements in risk modification, treatments, and mortality; however, our ability to detect asymptomatic disease for early intervention remains limited. Recent discoveries regarding the inflammatory nature of atherosclerosis have prompted investigation into new methods of diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease. This article reviews some of the highlights of the important developments in cardioimmunology and summarizes the clinical evidence linking the immune system and atherosclerosis. It provides an overview of the major serological biomarkers that have been associated with atherosclerosis, noting the limitations of these markers attributable to low specificity, and then contrasts these serological markers with the circulating immune cell subtypes that have been found to be altered in coronary artery disease. This review then outlines the technique of mass cytometry and its ability to provide high‐dimensional single‐cell data and explores how this high‐resolution quantification of specific immune cell subpopulations may assist in the diagnosis of early atherosclerosis in combination with other complimentary techniques such as single‐cell RNA sequencing. We propose that this improved specificity has the potential to transform the detection of coronary artery disease in its early phases, facilitating targeted preventative approaches in the precision medicine era.

Phenotypic characterization of peripheral blood innate immune cell subpopulations in women with endometriosis before and after surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 10_2021 ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Korotkova T.D. Korotkova ◽  
Krechetova L.V. Krechetova ◽  
Inviyaeva E.V. Inviyaeva ◽  
Vtorushina V.V. Vtorushina V ◽  
Vanko L.V. Vanko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Cell ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations

scholarly journals The role of immune cell subpopulations in the growth and rejection of TC‑1/A9 tumors in novel mouse strains differing in the H2‑D haplotype and NKC domain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Indrov� ◽  
Joanna Rossowska ◽  
Elzbieta Pajtasz‑Piasecka ◽  
Romana Mikyškov� ◽  
Jan Richter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations

scholarly journals RANTES Secretion by Gene-Modified Tumor Cells Results in Loss of Tumorigenicity In Vivo: Role of Immune Cell Subpopulations

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 1545-1553 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Mulé ◽  
Mary Custer ◽  
Bruce Averbook ◽  
James C. Yang ◽  
Jeffrey S. Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations

scholarly journals Allergic diseases influence symptom severity and T lymphocyte subgroups of children with tic disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. jim-2021-001788
Author(s):  
Xiumei Liu ◽  
Xueming Wang ◽  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Ai hua Cao
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Tic Severity ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations

Tic disorders (TD) are childhood-onset neurological disorders. Immune system dysregulation has been postulated to play a role in TD, and its mechanisms likely involve dysfunctional neural-immune cross-talk, which ultimately leads to altered maturation of the brain pathways that control different TD clinical manifestations and behavioral and emotional damages. Clinical studies have demonstrated an association between TD and allergies and overactive immune responses at a systemic level. In this study, the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale was taken as a global measure of tic severity. Compared with the control group, the group of children with TD plus allergic diseases displayed significantly increased Yale total scores (p<0.05), which suggests that children with TD plus allergic diseases have heavier tic symptoms. Both motor and vocal tic scores are higher in the group of children with TD plus allergy compared with the control group. We counted immune cell subpopulations using FACS. T lymphocyte subset comparison of CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD4:CD8 expression ratios revealed that the level of CD3, CD4, and CD4:CD8 in children with TD plus allergic diseases was significantly lower than those of children with TD without allergic diseases. These differences were statistically significant (p<0.05) and suggest that children with TD plus allergic diseases have imbalanced T lymphocyte subsets. We concluded that allergy increased the severity of TD through an imbalance in cellular immunity. Studies need to be done to show whether treatment of allergic symptoms leads to a decrease in TD manifestations.

scholarly journals Electronic Sorting of Immune Cell Subpopulations Based on Highly Plastic Genes

2016 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 665-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingzhang Wang ◽  
Wenling Han ◽  
Dalong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cell ◽  
Immune Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Cell Subpopulations

scholarly journals Role of Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Diverticular Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Tursi ◽  
Walter Elisei
Keyword(s):  
Diverticular Disease ◽  
Acute Diverticulitis ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Recurrent Abdominal Pain ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Symptom Persistence ◽  
Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Diverticulosis of the colon is the most common condition in Western societies and it is the most common anatomic alteration of the human colon. Recurrent abdominal pain is experienced by about 20% of patients with diverticulosis, but the pathophysiologic mechanisms of its occurrence are not completely understood. In the last years, several fine papers have showed clearly the role of low-grade inflammation both in the occurrence of symptoms in people having diverticulosis, both in symptom persistence following acute diverticulitis, even if the evidence available is not so strong. We do not know yet what the trigger of this low-grade inflammation occurrence is. However, some preliminary evidence found colonic dysbiosis linked to low-grade inflammation and therefore to symptom occurrence in those patients. The aim of this paper is to summarize current evidences about the role of inflammation in symptom occurrence in symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease and in symptom persistence after an episode of acute diverticulitis.

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