scholarly journals Comparing Multicomponent Erlang Distribution and Lévy Distribution of Particle Transverse Momentums

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua-Rong Wei ◽  
Ya-Hui Chen ◽  
Li-Na Gao ◽  
Fu-Hu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Erlang Distribution ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Final State ◽  
Heavy Particles ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Lévy Distribution ◽  
Levy Distribution

The transverse momentum spectrums of final-state products produced in nucleus-nucleus and proton-proton collisions at different center-of-mass energies are analyzed by using a multicomponent Erlang distribution and the Lévy distribution. The results calculated by the two models are found in most cases to be in agreement with experimental data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The multicomponent Erlang distribution that resulted from a multisource thermal model seems to give a better description as compared with the Lévy distribution. The temperature parameters of interacting system corresponding to different types of final-state products are obtained. Light particles correspond to a low temperature emission, and heavy particles correspond to a high temperature emission. Extracted temperature from central collisions is higher than that from peripheral collisions.

HYDJET SIMULATIONS OF ELLIPTIC FLOW IN HEAVY ION COLLISIONS AT THE LHC

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (07n08) ◽  
pp. 1917-1922
Author(s):  
D. KROFCHECK ◽  
R. MAK ◽  
P. ALLFREY
Keyword(s):  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Elliptic Flow ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Event Generator ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Mass Energy ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Center Of Mass Energy ◽  
Ion Collisions

At the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) elliptic flow signals (v2) appear to be stronger than those measured at lower center-of-mass energies. With the beginning of heavy ion beams at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) it is important to have a reliable tool for simulating v2 at the LHC Pb – Pb center-of-mass energy of 5.5 A TeV. In this work we used the heavy ion simulation tool HYDJET to study elliptic flow at the event generator level. The generator level elliptic flow v2 for Pb – Pb collisions was two-particle and four-particle cumulants.

scholarly journals A Review onϕMeson Production in Heavy-Ion Collision

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Nasim ◽  
Vipul Bairathi ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Bedangadas Mohanty ◽  
Anju Bhasin
Keyword(s):  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Meson Production ◽  
Dense Matter ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Super Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Strangeness Enhancement

The main aim of the relativistic heavy-ion experiment is to create extremely hot and dense matter and study the QCD phase structure. With this motivation, experimental program started in the early 1990s at the Brookhaven Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) and the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) followed by Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven and recently at Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. These experiments allowed us to study the QCD matter from center-of-mass energies (sNN) 4.75 GeV to 2.76 TeV. Theϕmeson, due to its unique properties, is considered as a good probe to study the QCD matter created in relativistic collisions. In this paper we present a review on the measurements ofϕmeson production in heavy-ion experiments. Mainly, we discuss the energy dependence ofϕmeson invariant yield and the production mechanism, strangeness enhancement, parton energy loss, and partonic collectivity in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Effect of later stage hadronic rescattering on elliptic flow (v2) of proton is also discussed relative to corresponding effect onϕmesonv2.

scholarly journals Event Patterns Extracted from Transverse Momentum and Rapidity Spectra ofZBosons and Quarkonium States Produced in pp and Pb-Pb Collisions at LHC

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Hui Chen ◽  
Fu-Hu Liu ◽  
Roy A. Lacey
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Erlang Distribution ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Center Of Mass Energy ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
Parameter Values

Transverse momentum (pT) and rapidity (y) spectra ofZbosons and quarkonium states (some charmoniumcc¯mesons such asJ/ψandψ(2S)and some bottomoniumbb¯mesons such asΥ(1S),Υ(2S), andΥ(3S)) produced in proton-proton (pp) and lead-lead (Pb-Pb) collisions at the large hadron collider (LHC) are uniformly described by a hybrid model of two-component Erlang distribution forpTspectrum and two-component Gaussian distribution foryspectrum. The former distribution results from a multisource thermal model, and the latter one results from the revised Landau hydrodynamic model. The modelling results are in agreement with the experimental data measured in pp collisions at center-of-mass energiess=2.76and 7 TeV and in Pb-Pb collisions at center-of-mass energy per nucleon pairsNN=2.76 TeV. Based on the parameter values extracted frompTandyspectra, the event patterns (particle scatter plots) in two-dimensionalpT-yspace and in three-dimensional velocity space are obtained.

scholarly journals Small collision systems: Theory overview on cold nuclear matter effects

2018 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 11001
Author(s):  
Néstor Armesto
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Matter ◽  
Particle Production ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Cold Nuclear Matter ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Small Systems ◽  
Matter Effects

Many observables measured at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider show a smooth transition between proton-proton and protonnucleus collisions (small systems), and nucleus-nucleus collisions (large systems), when represented versus some variable like the multiplicity in the event. In this contribution I review some of the physics mechanisms, named cold nuclear matter effects, that may lead to a collective-like behaviour in small systems beyond the macroscopic description provided by relativistic hydrodynamics. I focus on the nuclear modification of parton densities, single inclusive particle production and correlations.

scholarly journals Future Circular Colliders

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 389-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Benedikt ◽  
A. Blondel ◽  
P. Janot ◽  
M. Klein ◽  
M. Mangano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Proton Collisions ◽  
Center Of Mass Energy ◽  
Physics Program ◽  
Electron Positron

After 10 years of physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the particle physics landscape has greatly evolved. Today, a staged Future Circular Collider (FCC), consisting of a luminosity-frontier highest-energy electron–positron collider (FCC-ee) followed by an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), promises the most far-reaching physics program for the post-LHC era. FCC-ee will be a precision instrument used to study the Z, W, Higgs, and top particles, and will offer unprecedented sensitivity to signs of new physics. Most of the FCC-ee infrastructure could be reused for FCC-hh, which will provide proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 100 TeV and could directly produce new particles with masses of up to several tens of TeV. This collider will also measure the Higgs self-coupling and explore the dynamics of electroweak symmetry breaking. Thermal dark matter candidates will be either discovered or conclusively ruled out by FCC-hh. Heavy-ion and electron–proton collisions (FCC-eh) will further contribute to the breadth of the overall FCC program. The integrated FCC infrastructure will serve the particle physics community through the end of the twenty-first century. This review combines key contents from the first three volumes of the FCC Conceptual Design Report.

scholarly journals Transverse Momentum Distributions of Final-State Particles Produced in Soft Excitation Process in High Energy Collisions

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Hu Liu ◽  
Ya-Hui Chen ◽  
Hua-Rong Wei ◽  
Bao-Chun Li
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Momentum ◽  
Quantum Effect ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Final State ◽  
Momentum Distributions ◽  
High Energy Collisions

Transverse momentum distributions of final-state particles produced in soft process in proton-proton (pp) and nucleus-nucleus (AA) collisions at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies are studied by using a multisource thermal model. Each source in the model is treated as a relativistic and quantum ideal gas. Because the quantum effect can be neglected in investigation on the transverse momentum distribution in high energy collisions, we consider only the relativistic effect. The concerned distribution is finally described by the Boltzmann or two-component Boltzmann distribution. Our modeling results are in agreement with available experimental data.

scholarly journals Highlights from BNL-RHIC 2011–2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (13) ◽  
pp. 1430017 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Tannenbaum
Keyword(s):  
National Laboratory ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
50Th Anniversary ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Gluon Plasma ◽  
Nucleon Nucleon ◽  
Brookhaven National Laboratory ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Qcd Critical Point

Highlights from Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) and experiments at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) are presented for the years 2011–2013. This review is a combination of lectures which discussed the latest results each year at a three year celebration of the 50th anniversary of the International School of Subnuclear Physics in Erice, Sicily, Italy. Since the first collisions in the year 2000, RHIC has provided nucleus–nucleus and polarized proton–proton collisions over a range of nucleon–nucleon center-of-mass energies [Formula: see text] from 7.7 GeV to 510 GeV with nuclei from deuterium to uranium, most often gold. The objective was the discovery of the Quark Gluon Plasma, which was achieved, and the measurement of its properties, which were much different than expected, namely a "perfect fluid" of quarks and gluons with their color charges exposed rather than a gas. Topics including quenching of light and heavy quarks at large transverse momentum, thermal photons, search for a QCD critical point as well as measurements of collective flow, two-particle correlations and J/Ψ suppression are presented. During this period, results from the first and subsequent heavy ion measurements at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN became available. These confirmed and extended the RHIC discoveries and have led to ideas for new and improved measurements.

scholarly journals Comparing Two Different Initial Conditions AAMQS and Quartic Action in Illustrating the Effect of Valence Color Charges in High-EnergypACollisions at Forward Rapidity

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ye-Yin Zhao ◽  
Ya-Hui Chen ◽  
Ya-Qin Gao ◽  
Fu-Hu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Production ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Color Glass ◽  
Forward Rapidity ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Running Coupling

The inclusive particle productions in proton-proton (pp) and deuton-gold (d+Au) collisions at forward rapidity at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) energy are studied in the framework of the color glass condensate (CGC) theory by using two different initial conditions: AAMQS (Albacete-Armesto-Milhano-Quiroga-Salgado) and quartic action. Then, the results obtained by the two different initial conditions in illustrating the effect of valence color charges in high-energy proton-nucleus (pA) collisions at forward energy are compared. Meanwhile, the inclusive particle productions inpAcollisions at forward rapidity at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies are predicted. The main dynamical input in our calculations is the use of solutions of the running coupling Balitsky-Kovchegov equation tested in electron-proton (ep) collision data. Particle production is computed via the hybrid formalisms to obtain spectra and yields. These baseline predictions are useful for testing the current understanding of the dynamics of very strong color fields against the upcoming LHC data.

scholarly journals Transverse Spin Asymmetries in the CNI Region of Elastic Proton-Proton Scattering at s=200 GeV

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 1660056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Svirida
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Scattering ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Heavy Ion ◽  
Transverse Spin ◽  
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider ◽  
Proton Proton ◽  
Spin Asymmetries ◽  
Double Spin ◽  
Proton Elastic Scattering ◽  
Elastic Proton

Precise measurements of transverse spin asymmetries in proton-proton elastic scattering at very small values of four-momentum transfer squared, [Formula: see text], have been performed using the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) polarized proton beams. The measurements of both single and double spin asymmetries were made at the center-of-mass energy [Formula: see text] GeV and in the region [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text], which was accessed using Roman Pot devices incorporated into the STAR experimental setup. The obtained set of asymmetries is sensitive to the poorly known hadronic contribution to the spin-flip amplitudes and provide significant constraints for the theoretical descriptions of the reaction mechanism of proton-proton elastic scattering at high energies.

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