scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Separation from Flue Gases: A Technological Review Emphasizing Reduction in Greenhouse Gas Emissions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Songolzadeh ◽  
Mansooreh Soleimani ◽  
Maryam Takht Ravanchi ◽  
Reza Songolzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Recent Decade ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Separation ◽  
Cryogenic Distillation ◽  
And Storage

Increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CO2in the atmosphere is a global warming. Human activities are a major cause of increased CO2concentration in atmosphere, as in recent decade, two-third of greenhouse effect was caused by human activities. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a major strategy that can be used to reduce GHGs emission. There are three methods for CCS: pre-combustion capture, oxy-fuel process, and post-combustion capture. Among them, post-combustion capture is the most important one because it offers flexibility and it can be easily added to the operational units. Various technologies are used for CO2capture, some of them include: absorption, adsorption, cryogenic distillation, and membrane separation. In this paper, various technologies for post-combustion are compared and the best condition for using each technology is identified.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Testing of Polymeric Membranes for Energy-Efficient Separation of Carbon Dioxide from Flue Gas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Elhoshee ◽  
Fatima Taqi ◽  
Amna Alabdullah ◽  
Mohamed Hassan ◽  
Azza Abouhashem
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Cryogenic Distillation

One of the major problems the world is facing nowadays is Global Warming. The main ten Green House Gases (GHGs) include water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). The most abundant and dominant greenhouse gas is water vapor but concentration of water vapor depends on temperature and other meteorological conditions, and not directly upon human activities. CO2 is the second-most important one and that is why reduction of CO2 emissions is a vital area of research. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a major strategy that can be used to reduce GHGs emission. CCS divides into three methods: pre-combustion capture, oxy-fuel process, and post-combustion capture. Among them, post-combustion capture is the most important one because it offers flexibility and it can be easily added to the operational units. For CO2 capture, various technologies are used which include: absorption, adsorption, cryogenic distillation, and membrane separation. Our research focuses on one of the technologies for post-combustion capture, which is membrane separation. In this research, we fabricated four samples of polymeric membranes with different proportions of the components and then tested them for thermal stability, tensile strength, selectivity and permeability. The membrane can be modified by trying different mixtures of the forming polymers with different percentages. The separated carbon dioxide gas can be used in different applications like fire extinguishers, carbonated beverages or cooling systems. For the future recommendations finding more applications for the use of the separated carbon dioxide gas will benefit the environment and will make this project more successful. The same techniques could be used to fabricate membranes for purifying the methane gas. Further studies must be done to ensure the effectiveness of these membranes when used in the industry.

Study on Dispersion of Carbon Dioxide over the Shrubbery Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Huiru ◽  
You Zhanping ◽  
Mo Fan ◽  
Liu Bin ◽  
Han Peng
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Dispersion Pattern ◽  
Buried Pipeline ◽  
Dynamic Impact ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Terrain Features

In the carbon capture and storage (CCS) infrastructure, the risk of a high-pressure buried pipeline rupture possibly leads to catastrophic accidents due to the release of tremendous amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of CO2 dispersion pattern after release from CCS facilities is essential to allow the appropriate safety precautions to be taken. Due to variations in topography above the pipeline, the pattern of CO2 dispersion tends to be affected by the real terrain features, such as trees and hills. However, in most previous studies, the dynamic impact of trees on the wind field was often approximated to linear treatment or even ignored. In this article, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was proposed to predict CO2 dispersion over shrubbery areas. The shrubs were regarded as a kind of porous media, and the model was validated against the results from experiment. It was found that shrubbery affected the flow field near the ground, enhancing the lateral dispersion of CO2. Compared with that of the shrub-free terrain, the coverage area of the three shrub terrains at 60 s increased by 8.1 times, 6.7 times, and 9.1 times, respectively. The influence of shrub height and porosity on CO2 dispersion is nonlinear. This research provides reliable data for the risk assessment of CCS.

Densities of the carbon dioxide+hydrogen, a system of relevance to carbon capture and storage

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Sanchez-Vicente ◽  
Trevor C. Drage ◽  
Martyn Poliakoff ◽  
Jie Ke ◽  
Michael W. George
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Field-Based Stable Isotope Analysis of Carbon Dioxide by Mid-Infrared Laser Spectroscopy for Carbon Capture and Storage Monitoring

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (24) ◽  
pp. 12191-12198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert van Geldern ◽  
Martin E. Nowak ◽  
Martin Zimmer ◽  
Alexandra Szizybalski ◽  
Anssi Myrttinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Laser Spectroscopy ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Infrared Laser Spectroscopy ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Harnessing Escherichia coli for bio-based production of formate under pressurized H 2 and CO 2 gases.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magali Roger ◽  
Thomas C. P. Reed ◽  
Frank Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Anaerobic Growth ◽  
Formate Hydrogenlyase ◽  
And Storage

Escherichia coli is gram-negative bacterium that is a workhorse for biotechnology. The organism naturally performs a mixed-acid fermentation under anaerobic conditions where it synthesises formate hydrogenlyase (FHL-1). The physiological role of the enzyme is the disproportionation of formate in to H 2 and CO 2 . However, the enzyme has been observed to catalyse hydrogenation of CO 2 given the correct conditions, and so has possibilities in bio-based carbon capture and storage if it can be harnessed as a hydrogen-dependent CO 2 -reductase (HDCR). In this study, an E. coli host strain was engineered for the continuous production of formic acid from H 2 and CO 2 during bacterial growth in a pressurised batch bioreactor. Incorporation of tungsten, in place of molybdenum, in FHL-1 helped to impose a degree of catalytic bias on the enzyme. This work demonstrates that it is possible to couple cell growth to simultaneous, unidirectional formate production from carbon dioxide and develops a process for growth under pressurised gases. IMPORTANCE Greenhouse gas emissions, including waste carbon dioxide, are contributing to global climate change. A basket of solutions is needed to steadily reduce emissions, and one approach is bio-based carbon capture and storage. Here we present out latest work on harnessing a novel biological solution for carbon capture. The Escherichia coli formate hydrogenlyase (FHL-1) was engineered to be constitutively expressed. Anaerobic growth under pressurised H 2 and CO 2 gases was established and aqueous formic acid was produced as a result. Incorporation of tungsten in to the enzyme in place of molybdenum proved useful in poising FHL-1 as a hydrogen-dependent CO 2 reductase (HDCR).

The Evaluation and Comparison of Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies Applied to FCC Flue Gas

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 1479-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pu Peng ◽  
Yi Zhuang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Commercial Success ◽  
Green House ◽  
Co2 Capturing ◽  
And Storage

The CO2 capturing technologies as applied to FCC flue gas in order to reduce GHG (green house gases) were evaluated and compared in this review. Although the CCS (carbon capture and storage) idea has been proposed for more than 30 years, there has been little commercial success of CCS projects. The largest issue is where to store the massive amount of captured pure CO2 every year. Therefore, the review will focus on the efficient use of power or heat to reduce CO2 emission and how to recycle the use of produced CO2 before it is emitted to the atmosphere rather than being captured and stored. The scenarios with oxyfiring, microalgae-cofiring or biogas burning to treat FCC flue gas are introduced and discussed.

Greener Solvent Selection and Solvent Recycling for Carbon Dioxide Capture

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hachem ◽  
J. Salazar ◽  
U. Dixekar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Aspen Plus ◽  
Solvent Selection ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
And Storage

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) constitutes an extremely important technology that is constantly being improved to minimize the amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) entering the atmosphere. According to the Global CCS Institute, there are more than 320 worldwide CCS projects at different phases of progress. However, current CCS processes are accompanied with a large energy and efficiency penalty. This paper models and simulates a post-combustion carbon capture system, that uses absorption as a method of separation, in Aspen Plus V7.2. Moreover, the CAPE-OPEN Simulated Annealing (SA) Capability is implemented to minimize the energy consumed by this system, and allow coal-fired power plants to use similar carbon capture systems without losing 20 to 40 % of the plant's output.

scholarly journals Early atmospheric detection of carbon dioxide from carbon capture and storage sites

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (8) ◽  
pp. 739-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasrin Mostafavi Pak ◽  
Ofelia Rempillo ◽  
Ann-Lise Norman ◽  
David B. Layzell
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
And Storage
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