scholarly journals Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Materials Based on Polyoxometalates and Ionic Liquids and Their Application in Catalysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
The Future

An overview of the recent advances in the field of polyoxometalate, ionic liquid hybrids, is proposed with a special attention paid to their application in catalysis, more precisely biphasic and heterogeneous catalysis. Both components of the hybrids are separately outlined pointing to their useful properties and potential for catalysis, followed by the description of the hybrids preparation and synergy between components in a large range of organic transformations. And finally a vision on the future developments is proposed.

scholarly journals High Figure of Merit Optical Buffering in Coupled-Slot Slab Photonic Crystal Waveguide with Ionic Liquid

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1742
Author(s):  
Israa Abood ◽  
Sayed Elshahat ◽  
Zhengbiao Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Group Velocity ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Flat Band ◽  
Photonic Crystal Waveguide ◽  
The Future

Slow light with adequate low group velocity and wide bandwidth with a flat band of the zero-dispersion area were investigated. High buffering capabilities were obtained in a silicon-polymer coupled-slot slab photonic crystal waveguide (SP-CS-SPCW) with infiltrating slots by ionic liquid. A figure of merit (FoM) around 0.663 with the lowest physical bit length Lbit of 4.6748 µm for each stored bit in the optical communication waveband was gained by appropriately modifying the square air slot length. Posteriorly, by filling the slots with ionic liquid, the Lbit was enhanced to be 4.2817 μm with the highest FoM of 0.72402 in wider transmission bandwidth and ultra-high bit rate in terabit range, which may become useful for the future 6G mobile communication network. Ionic liquids have had a noticeable effect in altering the optical properties of photonic crystals. A polymer was used for the future incorporation of an electro-optic effect in buffers to realize the dynamic controlling of optical properties. Ionic liquids enhanced the transmission rate through optical materials. Additionally, the delay time in the ns-range was achieved, providing longer delay and ultra-low group velocity, which is important for light-matter interaction in light amplifiers and nonlinear devices.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous Catalysis with the Participation of Ionic Liquids

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Bartlewicz ◽  
Izabela Dąbek ◽  
Anna Szymańska ◽  
Hieronim Maciejewski
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Heterogeneous Systems ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
High Price ◽  
Solid Catalysts ◽  
Supported Ionic Liquid ◽  
Homogeneous Systems

This mini-review briefly describes the recent progress in the design and development of catalysts based on the presence of ionic liquids. In particular, the focus was on heterogeneous systems (supported ionic liquid (IL) phase catalysts (SILPC), solid catalysts with ILs (SCILL), porous liquids), which due to the low amounts of ionic liquids needed for their production, eliminate basic problems observed in the case of the employment of ionic liquids in homogeneous systems, such as high price, high viscosity, and efficient isolation from post-reaction mixtures.

Recent advances in applications of multinuclear solid-state NMR to heterogeneous catalysis and inorganic materials

1998 ◽  
Vol 441 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 267-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Nakata ◽  
Yoshinori Tanaka ◽  
Sachio Asaoka ◽  
Munekazu Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Nmr ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Recent Advances

scholarly journals Ionic Liquids and Poly(ionic liquid)s for Morphosynthesis of Inorganic Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (23) ◽  
pp. 5391-5403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min‐Rui Gao ◽  
Jiayin Yuan ◽  
Markus Antonietti
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Poly Ionic Liquid

A Dynamic Systems Approach to Personality

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Pervin
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Dynamic View ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of

David Magnusson has been the most articulate spokesperson for a holistic, systems approach to personality. This paper considers three concepts relevant to a dynamic systems approach to personality: dynamics, systems, and levels. Some of the history of a dynamic view is traced, leading to an emphasis on the need for stressing the interplay among goals. Concepts such as multidetermination, equipotentiality, and equifinality are shown to be important aspects of a systems approach. Finally, attention is drawn to the question of levels of description, analysis, and explanation in a theory of personality. The importance of the issue is emphasized in relation to recent advances in our understanding of biological processes. Integrating such advances into a theory of personality while avoiding the danger of reductionism is a challenge for the future.

Mapping the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of Ionic Liquids for Monomers, Polymers and Globular Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Pomposo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Ionic Polymers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Solvent Power

Understanding the miscibility behavior of ionic liquid (IL) / monomer, IL / polymer and IL / nanoparticle mixtures is critical for the use of ILs as green solvents in polymerization processes, and to rationalize recent observations concerning the superior solubility of some proteins in ILs when compared to standard solvents. In this work, the most relevant results obtained in terms of a three-component Flory-Huggins theory concerning the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of ILs when compared to traditional non-ionic solvents for monomeric solutes (case I), linear polymers (case II) and globular nanoparticles (case III) are presented. Moreover, useful ESP maps are drawn for the first time for IL mixtures corresponding to case I, II and III. Finally, a potential pathway to improve the miscibility of non-ionic polymers in ILs is also proposed.

Dynamics of Ion Locking in Doubly Polymerized Ionic Liquids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Arora ◽  
Julisa Rozon ◽  
Jennifer Laaser
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Ion Motion ◽  
Charged Species ◽  
Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Covalently Linked ◽  
Insight Into

<div>In this work, we investigate the dynamics of ion motion in “doubly-polymerized” ionic liquids (DPILs) in which both charged species of an ionic liquid are covalently linked to the same polymer chains. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy is used to characterize these materials over a broad frequency and temperature range, and their behavior is compared to that of conventional “singly-polymerized” ionic liquids (SPILs) in which only one of the charged species is attached to the polymer chains. Polymerization of the DPIL decreases the bulk ionic conductivity by four orders of magnitude relative to both SPILs. The timescales for local ionic rearrangement are similarly found to be approximately four orders of magnitude slower in the DPILs than in the SPILs, and the DPILs also have a lower static dielectric constant. These results suggest that copolymerization of the ionic monomers affects ion motion on both the bulk and the local scales, with ion pairs serving to form strong physical crosslinks between the polymer chains. This study provides quantitative insight into the energetics and timescales of ion motion that drive the phenomenon of “ion locking” currently under investigation for new classes of organic electronics.</div>

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