scholarly journals Impact of Production Location, Production System, and Variety on the Volatile Organic Compounds Fingerprints and Sensory Characteristics of Tomatoes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirthe Muilwijk ◽  
Samuel Heenan ◽  
Alex Koot ◽  
Saskia M. van Ruth
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Proton Transfer Reaction ◽  
Sensory Data ◽  
Production Location ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Sample Set

Consumers have more and more interest in where and how their foods are produced. However, it is often challenging to discriminate products from different production locations and systems. The objective of this study was to examine fingerprinting of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as an approach for characterization and discrimination of tomatoes by their production location, production system, and variety using Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry combined with multivariate statistics. Sensory analysis was complementing the VOC analyses. The study was part of the EU CORE Organic II project AuthenticFood. Tomato sample batches cultivated in two locations in Italy, according to the organic and conventional production system, comprising two varieties, and produced in two consecutive years were examined. Both factors production location and production system impacted considerably the VOC fingerprints, but compared to these two factors, minor differences were observed between the two varieties of tomatoes studied. VOC data were successfully used to predict the origin and production system for this sample set. Sensory data also primarily indicated the differences between origin and production systems, and several sensory attributes could be predicted from the VOC fingerprints. Therefore, VOC fingerprints reflect production conditions and are promising for substantiation and authentication of special tomato traits.

scholarly journals Segmented flow coil equilibrator coupled to a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer for measurements of a broad range of volatile organic compounds in seawater

Ocean Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 925-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charel Wohl ◽  
David Capelle ◽  
Anna Jones ◽  
William T. Sturges ◽  
Philip D. Nightingale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Proton Transfer ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Transfer Reaction ◽  
Proton Transfer Reaction ◽  
Reaction Mass ◽  
Segmented Flow ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract. We present a technique that utilises a segmented flow coil equilibrator coupled to a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer to measure a broad range of dissolved volatile organic compounds. Thanks to its relatively large surface area for gas exchange, small internal volume, and smooth headspace–water separation, the equilibrator is highly efficient for gas exchange and has a fast response time (under 1 min). The system allows for both continuous and discrete measurements of volatile organic compounds in seawater due to its low sample water flow (100 cm3 min−1) and the ease of changing sample intake. The equilibrator setup is both relatively inexpensive and compact. Hence, it can be easily reproduced and installed on a variety of oceanic platforms, particularly where space is limited. The internal area of the equilibrator is smooth and unreactive. Thus, the segmented flow coil equilibrator is expected to be less sensitive to biofouling and easier to clean than membrane-based equilibration systems. The equilibrator described here fully equilibrates for gases that are similarly soluble or more soluble than toluene and can easily be modified to fully equilibrate for even less soluble gases. The method has been successfully deployed in the Canadian Arctic. Some example data from underway surface water and Niskin bottle measurements in the sea ice zone are presented to illustrate the efficacy of this measurement system.

scholarly journals Measurements of volatile organic compounds over West Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 3861-3892 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Murphy ◽  
D. E. Oram ◽  
C. E. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Marine Boundary Layer ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Proton Transfer Reaction ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Airborne Measurements ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract. In this paper we describe measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) made using a Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS) aboard the UK Facility for Atmospheric Airborne Measurements during the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (AMMA) campaign. Observations were made during approximately 85 h of flying time between 17 July and 17 August 2006, above an area between 4° N and 18° N and 3° W and 4° E, encompassing ocean, mosaic forest, and the Sahel desert. High time resolution observations of counts at mass to charge (m/z) ratios of 42, 59, 69, 71, and 79 were used to calculate mixing ratios of acetonitrile, acetone, isoprene, the sum of methyl vinyl ketone and methacrolein, and benzene, respectively using laboratory-derived humidity-dependent calibration factors. Strong spatial associations between vegetation and isoprene and its oxidation products were observed in the boundary layer, consistent with biogenic emissions followed by rapid atmospheric oxidation. Acetonitrile, benzene, and acetone were all enhanced in airmasses which had been heavily influenced by biomass burning. Benzene and acetone were also elevated in airmasses with urban influence from cities such as Lagos, Cotonou, and Niamey. The observations provide evidence that both deep convection and mixing associated with fair-weather cumulus were responsible for vertical redistribution of VOCs emitted from the surface. Profiles over the ocean showed a depletion of acetone in the marine boundary layer, but no significant decrease for acetonitrile.

Chemical composition and production of ethanol and other volatile organic compounds in sugarcane silage treated with chemical and microbial additives

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 721
Author(s):  
Lucas Ladeira Cardoso ◽  
Karina Guimarães Ribeiro ◽  
Marcos Inácio Marcondes ◽  
Odilon Gomes Pereira ◽  
Kirsten Weiß
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Propionibacterium Acidipropionici ◽  
Pediococcus Pentosaceus ◽  
Ester Formation ◽  
Volatile Organic

Sugarcane silage can be used in animal production systems; however, it is important to apply additives to improve its chemical composition and fermentative quality. We evaluated the effect of chemical (urea and calcium oxide (CaO)) and microbial (Lactobacillus buchneri (LB), Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Propionibacterium acidipropionici) additives on chemical composition, fermentation profile, microorganism population, and production of ethanol and other volatile organic compounds in sugarcane silage. Treatments studied were silage without inoculant (SS), SS with LB, SS with Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus, SS with Lactobacillus plantarum and Propionibacterium acidipropionici, SS with 5 g CaO/kg fresh material (FM) (5CaO), SS with 10 g CaO/kg FM (10CaO), SS with 5 g urea/kg FM (5urea), and SS with 10 g urea/kg FM (10urea). The highest crude protein content (P = 0.001) and the lowest N-linked to fibre content (P = 0.001) occurred when applying urea. None of the treatments reduced the presence of yeast (P = 0.054), but a trend was detected of treatments based on CaO as promising in this Control. The silages treated with CaO had lower ethyl ester and ethanol (average for CaO-based treatments of 0.012 g/kg dry matter and 0.695 g/kg dry matter, respectively), and silages treated with 10urea had less acetone (P = 0.001) and methanol (P = 0.001). The sugarcane silages treated with chemical additive CaO reduced ethanol production and ester formation. There was a high correlation (r = 0.984) between ethyl acetate + ethyl lactate and ethanol contents.

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