Comparative Analysis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Umbilical Cord, Dental Pulp, and Menstrual Blood as Sources for Cell Therapy

Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) based therapy has been considered as a promising tool for tissue repair and regeneration, the optimal cell source remains unknown. Umbilical cord (UC), dental pulp (DP), and menstrual blood (MB) are easily accessible sources, which make them attractive candidates for MSCs. The goal of this study was to compare the biological characteristics, including morphology, proliferation, antiapoptosis, multilineage differentiation capacity, and immunophenotype of UC-, DP-, and MB-MSCs in order to provide a theoretical basis for clinical selection and application of these cells. As a result, all UC-, DP-, and MB-MSCs have self-renewal capacity and multipotentiality. However, the UC-MSCs seemed to have higher cell proliferation ability, while DP-MSCs may have significant advantages for osteogenic differentiation, lower cell apoptosis, and senescence. These differences may be associated with the different expression level of cytokines, including vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor, and hepatocyte growth factor in each of the MSCs. Comprehensively, our results suggest DP-MSCs may be a desired source for clinical applications of cell therapy.

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Mechanisms of Action of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Repair Regeneration and their Implications

Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India) ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1712752 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 53 (02) ◽

pp. 104-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manisha Singh ◽

Suchi Gupta ◽

Sonali Rawat ◽

Swati Midha ◽

Krishan Gopal Jain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Tissue Repair ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Maximum Output ◽

Cell Replacement Therapy ◽

Tissue Repair And Regeneration

ABSTRACTCell replacement therapy holds a promising future in the treatment of degenerative diseases related to neuronal, cardiac and bone tissues. In such kind of diseases, there is a progressive loss of speciﬁc types of cells. Currently the most upcoming and trusted cell candidate is Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as these cells are easy to isolate from the tissue, easy to maintain and expand and no ethical concerns are linked. MSCs can be obtained from a number of sources like bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, umbilical cord, dental pulp, adipose tissues, etc. MSCs help in tissue repair and regeneration by various mechanisms of action like cell differentiation, immunomodulation, paracrine effect, etc. The future of regenerative medicine lies in tissue engineering and exploiting various properties to yield maximum output. In the current review article, we have targeted the repair and regeneration mechanisms of MSCs in neurodegenerative diseases, cardiac diseases and those related to bones. Yet there is a lot to understand, discover and then understand again about the molecular mechanisms of MSCs and then applying this knowledge in developing the therapy to get maximum repair and regeneration of concerned tissue and in turn the recovery of the patient.

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Efficient One-Step Induction of Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UC-MSCs) Produces MSC-Derived Neurospheres (MSC-NS) with Unique Transcriptional Profile and Enhanced Neurogenic and Angiogenic Secretomes

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2019/9208173 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chunyang Peng ◽

Yajiao Li ◽

Li Lu ◽

Jianwen Zhu ◽

Huiyu Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Cell Therapy ◽

Neural Stem Cells ◽

Progenitor Cells ◽

Umbilical Cord ◽

Neural Stem Progenitor Cells ◽

One Step

Cell therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for treating neurological diseases such as stroke, spinal cord injury, and various neurodegenerative diseases, but both embryonic neural stem cells and human induced Pluripotent Stem Cell- (iPSC-) derived neural stem cells have major limitations which restrict their broad use in these diseases. We want to find a one-step induction method to transdifferentiate the more easily accessible Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UC-MSCs) into neural stem/progenitor cells suitable for cell therapy purposes. In this study, UC-MSCs were induced to form neurospheres under a serum-free suspension culture with Epidermal Growth Factor- (EGF-) and basic Fibroblast Growth Factor- (bFGF-) containing medium within 12 hours. These MSC-derived neurospheres can self-renew to form secondary neurospheres and can be readily induced to become neurons and glial cells. Real-time PCR showed significantly upregulated expression of multiple stemness and neurogenic genes after induction. RNA transcriptional profiling study showed that UC-MSC-derived neurospheres had a unique transcriptional profile of their own, with features of both UC-MSCs and neural stem cells. RayBio human growth factor cytokine array analysis showed significantly upregulated expression levels of multiple neurogenic and angiogenic growth factors, skewing toward a neural stem cell phenotype. Thus, we believe that these UC-MSC-derived neurospheres have amenable features of both MSCs and neural stem/progenitor cells and have great potential in future stem cell transplantation clinical trials targeting neurological disorders.

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