scholarly journals Synthesis, Properties, and In Vitro Hydrolytic Degradation of Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-ε-caprolactone)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixiu Liu ◽  
Xizhuang Bai ◽  
A. Liang
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Random Copolymers ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Synthesis Properties ◽  
Acidic Degradation

Random copolymers of poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLGC) were synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization of d,l-lactide (DLLA), glycolide (GA), andε-caprolactone (CL). The effects of CL on the copolymers were evaluated to prepare suitable copolymers with controlled properties. Our results showed that the CL content significantly influenced the thermal and mechanical properties of the copolymers and that the CL content in compositions could be altered to control properties of random copolymers. The in vitro hydrolytic degradation of the resulting implants showed that the degradation rate of PLGC was lower than that of PLGA, which could markedly reduce acidic degradation products. Finally, we demonstrated that higher CL contents in compositions slowed degradation rates.

scholarly journals Effects of Xylo-Oligosaccharides on Broiler Chicken Performance and Microbiota

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (17) ◽  
pp. 5880-5888 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. De Maesschalck ◽  
V. Eeckhaut ◽  
L. Maertens ◽  
L. De Lange ◽  
L. Marchal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Coa Transferase

ABSTRACTIn broiler chickens, feed additives, including prebiotics, are widely used to improve gut health and to stimulate performance. Xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) are hydrolytic degradation products of arabinoxylans that can be fermented by the gut microbiota. In the current study, we aimed to analyze the prebiotic properties of XOS when added to the broiler diet. Administration of XOS to chickens, in addition to a wheat-rye-based diet, significantly improved the feed conversion ratio. XOS significantly increased villus length in the ileum. It also significantly increased numbers of lactobacilli in the colon andClostridiumcluster XIVa in the ceca. Moreover, the number of gene copies encoding the key bacterial enzyme for butyrate production, butyryl-coenzyme A (butyryl-CoA):acetate CoA transferase, was significantly increased in the ceca of chickens administered XOS. In this group of chickens, at the species level,Lactobacillus crispatusandAnaerostipes butyraticuswere significantly increased in abundance in the colon and cecum, respectively.In vitrofermentation of XOS revealed cross-feeding betweenL. crispatusandA. butyraticus. Lactate, produced byL. crispatusduring XOS fermentation, was utilized by the butyrate-producingAnaerostipesspecies. These data show the beneficial effects of XOS on broiler performance when added to the feed, which potentially can be explained by stimulation of butyrate-producing bacteria through cross-feeding of lactate and subsequent effects of butyrate on gastrointestinal function.

Recyclable sulfone-containing polymers via ring-opening polymerization of macroheterocyclic siloxane monomers: synthesis, properties and recyclability

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (45) ◽  
pp. 6166-6173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengdong Guo ◽  
Yue Huang ◽  
Jinfeng Cao ◽  
Guibao Sun ◽  
Xia Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Synthesis Properties ◽  
Anionic Ring

The first recyclable sulfone-containing polysiloxanes were synthesized via an anionic ring-opening polymerization of macroheterocyclic siloxane monomers.

scholarly journals Oligo(serine ester) Charge-Altering Releasable Transporters: Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Polymerization and their Use for in Vitro and in Vivo mRNA Delivery

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (21) ◽  
pp. 8416-8421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Benner ◽  
Rebecca L. McClellan ◽  
Christopher R. Turlington ◽  
Ole A. W. Haabeth ◽  
Robert M. Waymouth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization

Fast in vitro hydrolytic degradation of polyester urethane acrylate biomaterials: Structure elucidation, separation and quantification of degradation products

2011 ◽  
Vol 1218 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ghaffar ◽  
P.G. Verschuren ◽  
J.A.J. Geenevasen ◽  
T. Handels ◽  
J. Berard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Urethane Acrylate ◽  
Polyester Urethane

scholarly journals Hydrolytic Degradation of Comb-Like Graft Poly (Lactide-co-Trimethylene Carbonate): The Role of Comonomer Compositions and Sequences

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2024
Author(s):  
Xuefei Leng ◽  
Wenwen Zhang ◽  
Yiying Wang ◽  
Yanshai Wang ◽  
Xiaoqing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Random Copolymers ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Trimethylene Carbonate ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Degradation Behaviors ◽  
Property Changes

The effect of sequence on copolymer properties is rarely studied, especially the degradation behavior of the biomaterials. A series of linear-comb block, gradient, random copolymers were successfully achieved using hydroxylated polybutadiene as the macroinitiator by simple ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide (l-LA) and 1,3-trimethylene carbonate (TMC). The hydrolytic degradation behaviors of the copolymers were systemically evaluated by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to illustrate the influences of comonomer compositions and sequence structures. The linear-comb block copolymers (lcP(TMC-b-LLA)) with different compositions had different degradation rates, which increased with l-LA content. Thermal property changes were observed with decreased Tm and increased ΔHm in all block copolymers during the degradation. To combine different sequence structures, unique degradation behaviors were observed for the linear-comb block, gradient and random copolymers even with similar comonomer composition. The degradation rates of linear-comb PLLA-gradient-PTMC (lcP(LLA-grad-TMC)) and linear-comb PLLA-random-PTMC (lcP(LLA-ran-TMC)) were accelerated due to the loss of regularity and crystallinity, resulting in a remarkable decrease on weight retention and molar mass. The hydrolysis degradation rate increased in the order lcP(TMC-b-LLA), lcP(LLA-ran-TMC), lcP(LLA-grad-TMC). Therefore, the hydrolytic degradation behavior of comb-like graft copolymers depends on both the compositions and the sequences dramatically.

scholarly journals Poly(delta-gluconolactone) and Poly(delta-gluconolactone-ε-caprolactone) from delta-Gluconolactone and ε-Caprolactone by Ring-Opening Polymerization

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruijiang Li ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Haohao Ren ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Zhengwen Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Intrinsic Viscosity ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Ft Ir

Poly(delta-gluconolactone) (PGL) and poly(delta-gluconolactone-ε-caprolactone) (P(GL-CL)) were synthesized through ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and characterized by FT-IR, NMR, XRD, intrinsic viscosity, GPC, DSC, and TGA. The crystallinity of P(GL-CL) with various d-GL/CL ratios (d-GL/CL = 5 : 5, 4 : 6, 3 : 7, 2 : 8, and 1 : 9) was 12.09 to 59.78% while PGL was amorphous. Melting temperature (Tm) of these polymers was 49.8 to 62.0°C and decomposition temperature was 282 to 489°C depending on the d-GL/CL ratios. In addition, all these polymers were degradable and the degradation rates could be controlled by adjusting d-GL/CL ratios. These results indicated that PGL and P(GL-CL) might be promising novel absorbable materials.

scholarly journals From Anionic Ring-Opening Polymerization of β-Butyrolactone to Biodegradable Poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s: Our Contributions in This Field

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4365
Author(s):  
Grażyna Adamus ◽  
Adrian Domiński ◽  
Marek Kowalczuk ◽  
Piotr Kurcok ◽  
Iza Radecka
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Random Copolymers ◽  
Acid Analogue ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Anionic Ring ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Hydroxybutanoic Acid ◽  
The Relationship

The feasibility of synthesis of functionalized poly(3-hydroxybutanoic acid) analogue and its copolymers via ring-opening polymerization of β-butyrolactone mediated by activated anionic initiators is presented. Using these new synthetic approaches, polyesters with a defined chemical structure of the end groups, as well as block, graft, and random copolymers, have been obtained and characterized by modern instrumental techniques, with special emphasis on ESI-MS. The relationship between the structure and properties of the prepared polymeric materials is also discussed.

Aliphatic polyesters with novel molecular architectures via ring-opening polymerization: synthesis, properties, and applications

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-208
Author(s):  
Megha D. Deokar ◽  
Amruta Kulkarni ◽  
Baijayantimala Garnaik ◽  
Ashish K. Lele ◽  
Swaminathan Sivaram
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Ring Opening Polymerization ◽  
Aliphatic Polyesters ◽  
Synthesis Properties ◽  
Molecular Architectures
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