scholarly journals Tomographic Evaluation of the Lower Incisor’s Bone Limits in Mandibular Symphysis of Orthodontically Untreated Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Paula Guerino ◽  
Mariana Marquezan ◽  
Maurício Barbieri Mezomo ◽  
Kaline Thumé Antunes ◽  
Renésio Armindo Grehs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Mandibular Symphysis ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Patient Âgé ◽  
Cephalometric Measurements ◽  
Lower Incisors

The amount of available bone in the lower incisor region is critical for periodontal preservation when planning large anteroposterior dental movements. The aims of this study were to evaluate bone limits of the lower incisors in the mandibular symphysis and to verify whether they are influenced by facial growth patterns, lower incisor inclinations, skeletal anteroposterior relationships, or patient age. Tomographic images of 40 orthodontically untreated patients were evaluated and measurements of width and height of the mandibular symphysis, thickness on the lingual and labial sides of the alveolar bone, and thickness of the entire alveolar bone were performed in sagittal view. The following cephalometric measurements were also evaluated: growth pattern (FHI), lower incisor inclination (IMPA), and skeletal anteroposterior relationships (AO-BO). Pearson’s correlation test was used to assess associations among bone measurements, cephalometric measurements, and patients’ ages. Weak to moderate positive correlations between FHI and bone measurements on the labial side of the incisors and total alveolar width were found. The height of the symphysis had a moderate negative correlation with FHI. It was concluded that patient age, FHI, and IMPA influenced bone limits of the lower incisors in the mandibular symphysis, while AO-BO had no influence.

Effects of Three Different Orthodontic Treatment Methods on the Stability of Mandibular Incisor Alignment

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 486-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hande Gorucu-Coskuner ◽  
Ezgi Atik ◽  
Ilken Kocadereli
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Welch Test ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cephalometric Measurements ◽  
Extraction Treatment ◽  
Lower Incisors

Objective: To compare the effects of extraction, non-extraction and air-rotor stripping treatments on mandibular dental arch dimensions, lower incisor positions and evaluate their effects on the stability of the treatment. Study design: The sample consisted of 44 patients with Class I malocclusion and moderate crowding including 15 patients treated with extraction, 13 with air-rotor stripping (ARS), and 16 with non-extraction treatment. The records were taken at pretreatment (T0), end of active orthodontic treatment (T1), minimum 3 years post-treatment (T2). The model and cephalometric measurements were evaluated. For statistical analyses ANOVA and Welch test was applied. Results: At post-retention period Little's irregularity indices were increased to 1.96 mm, 2.38 mm and 3.59 mm for extraction, ARS and non-extraction groups respectively (p<0.05). At T1-T2, intercanine widths were decreased significantly at all groups (p<0.05). The arch length and arch depth decreased significantly at extraction group (p<0.05) from T0 to T1 and remained the same at T2 (p>0.05). The lower incisors were retroclined with treatment and slightly proclined at post-retention period in extraction group. In ARS and non-extraction group, lower incisors proclined with treatment and remained the same at post-retention. Conclusion: At all groups the irregularity indices relapsed but did not return to pretreatment values. Although significant increase at intercanine width was only observed in non-extraction treatment, at post-retention phase, intercanine widths were significantly decreased at all groups. The changes at lower incisor inclinations relapsed slightly in extraction group but remained the same in the other groups.

scholarly journals Jarabak 's cephalometric analysis of Brazilian black patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayury Kuramae ◽  
Maria Beatriz Borges de Araújo Magnani ◽  
Eloísa Marcantonio Boeck ◽  
Adriana Simoni Lucato
Keyword(s):  
Growth Period ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Cephalometric Analysis ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Cephalometric Measurements

The treatment of skeletal disharmonies presents better results when performed during the growth period. The physical changes that occur in every individual express growth, which is ruled by genetic, general and environmental factors. In order to identify such disharmonies and hence concentrate the clinical actions during treatment and influence facial growth, cephalometrics appears as a useful a diagnostic tool for identifying facial growth patterns or growth direction. Jarabak's cephalometric analysis is used to assess facial growth pattern of subjects with normal occlusion or malocclusions. The purpose of this study was to obtain mean values for cephalometric measurements from Jarabak's cephalometric analyses of black Brazilian subjects resident in the city of Piracicaba, São Paulo state, Brazil and vicinities, who presented Class I molar relationship with normal overjet and overbite, mild or no tooth crowding or spacing, and no history of orthodontic treatment. A sample of 37 stone plaster casts and 37 lateral teleradiographs from both male and female individuals aged 10 to 14 years was evaluated. Data were analyzed statistically by Student's t-test at 5% significance level. There was no significant differences between genders. The cephalometric measurements obtained in this study were similar to the Jarabak's standards, except for S-N mean value in females (66.50 mm ± 3.16), which was significantly lower than the standard.

scholarly journals Hospital Discharge Decisions Concerning Older Patients: Understanding the Underlying Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Pierre Koskas ◽  
Cécile Pons-Peyneau ◽  
Mouna Romdhani ◽  
Nadège Houenou-Quenum ◽  
Sandrine Galleron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nous Avons ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Personnes Âgées ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Underlying Process ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Patient Âgé ◽  
Déclin Fonctionnel

RÉSUMÉL’hospitalisation des personnes âgées s’accompagnent d’un risque de déclin fonctionnel, et d’une grande fréquence de réadmission. Nous avons cherché à comprendre les processus de prise de décisions cliniques qui influencent l’orientation des patients âgés après leur sortie de l’hôpital. Les procédures déterminant l’orientation d’un patient âgé après une hospitalisation en service aigu ne sont pas claires. Nous avons comparé les décisions d’orientation (retour à domicile ou maison de retraite) réalisées par l’équipe avec celles d’un groupe d’experts; les décisions étaient prises de manière indépendante et aveugle. Cent deux (102) patients ont été inclus (âge moyen : 83,13 ± 6,74). Il existe une différence statistiquement significative entre les décisions des experts et de l’équipe (p <.001 ; coefficient kappa : 0,468). Les décisions du panel étaient plus étroitement associées à l’isolement (p = 0,018), aux aidants fiables (p = 0,004), aux problèmes sociaux (p = 0,001), et à la présence de comportements perçus comme agressifs (p = 0,001). Les deux processus de décision ont pris en compte le refus de soins (p = 0,025 et 0,016 respectivement) et les problèmes sociaux (p = 0,001 et < 0,001 respectivement). Les modalités de sortie des hôpitaux diffèrent selon les pays, les équipes et le type de patients, mais notre étude suggère la nécessité d’une évaluation plus précise des besoins du patient.

scholarly journals Mandibular symphysis morphology and lower incisor angulation in different anteroposterior jaw relationships and skeletal growth patterns – a cephalometric study

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Sandhya Jain ◽  
Prateek Puniyani ◽  
Arwa Saifee
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Class I ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Mandibular Symphysis ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Cephalometric Study

Objective. The purpose of the present study was to assess the symphyseal morphology and lower incisor angulation in different anteroposterior relationship and in different growth patterns and to investigate whether the symphyseal morphology had any correlation with dentofacial parameters. Method. Random Sampling method and lateral cephalograms of 90 subjects, age group 16-30 years, were divided into 30 in each group, i.e. Class I, Class II & Class III after calculating the following parameters (ANB angle, wits appraisal). After that, groups were again divided into 10 in each subgroup i.e. Average, Horizontal and Vertical growers. Results. Results showed the increase in actual symphysis width, inclination of the alveolar part, total height of symphysis and reduction in overall width along with retroclination of lower incisors in class III subjects as compared to class I and class II. Similarly actual and overall width of the symphysis were decreased and inclination of the alveolar part, symphyseal height and symphyseal ratio were increased in vertical growers. Conclusion. The dimensions and configuration of Mandibular Symphysis in class III was found to be different than those in Class I and Class II relationships; the alveolar part of Mandibular Symphyseal compensated for the skeletal relationship in the Class III pattern. Mandibualr Symphysis dimensions were strongly correlated to anterior facial dimensions. Similarly the dimensions and configuration of Mandibular Symphysis was also different in vertical growers as compared to horizontal and average growers, moreover symphyseal morphology and lower incisor angulation had a correlation with dentofacial parameters.

scholarly journals Lower incisor dentoalveolar compensation and symphysis dimensions among Class I and III malocclusion patients with different facial vertical skeletal patterns

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 948-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Núria Molina-Berlanga ◽  
Jaume Llopis-Perez ◽  
Carlos Flores-Mir ◽  
Andreu Puigdollers
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Class I ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Mandibular Symphysis ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Dentoalveolar Compensation

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare lower incisor dentoalveolar compensation and mandible symphysis morphology among Class I and Class III malocclusion patients with different facial vertical skeletal patterns. Materials and Methods: Lower incisor extrusion and inclination, as well as buccal (LA) and lingual (LP) cortex depth, and mandibular symphysis height (LH) were measured in 107 lateral cephalometric x-rays of adult patients without prior orthodontic treatment. In addition, malocclusion type (Class I or III) and facial vertical skeletal pattern were considered. Through a principal component analysis (PCA) related variables were reduced. Simple regression equation and multivariate analyses of variance were also used. Results: Incisor mandibular plane angle (P &lt; .001) and extrusion (P  =  .03) values showed significant differences between the sagittal malocclusion groups. Variations in the mandibular plane have a negative correlation with LA (Class I P  =  .03 and Class III P  =  .01) and a positive correlation with LH (Class I P  =  .01 and Class III P  =  .02) in both groups. Within the Class III group, there was a negative correlation between the mandibular plane and LP (P  =  .02). PCA showed that the tendency toward a long face causes the symphysis to elongate and narrow. In Class III, alveolar narrowing is also found in normal faces. Conclusions: Vertical facial pattern is a significant factor in mandibular symphysis alveolar morphology and lower incisor positioning, both for Class I and Class III patients. Short-faced Class III patients have a widened alveolar bone. However, for long-faced and normal-faced Class III, natural compensation elongates the symphysis and influences lower incisor position.

Long-term evaluation of lower incisors gingival recessions after orthodontic treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne Pernet ◽  
Cristina Vento ◽  
Nikolaos Pandis ◽  
Stavros Kiliaridis
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Facial Morphology ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Skeletal Pattern ◽  
Long Term Retention ◽  
Lower Incisors

Summary Aim The development of gingival recessions has been associated with orthodontic treatment; however, a clear etiology is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to further clarify potential association between the development of labial and lingual recessions and inclination of the lower incisors during orthodontic treatment, vertical facial morphology, width of the alveolar bone process, height and width of their symphysis after orthodontic treatment and at long-term retention. Methods On dental casts and good quality lateral cephalograms of 126 orthodontically treated patients, relevant measurements were performed and gingival recessions were assessed and recorded before, immediately after treatment and at long-term retention. Results Taking into account the whole sample at three different occasions, on the buccal side, the lateral incisors have significantly less recessions than the central incisor. On the lingual side, tooth 32 presented with lower risk of recession compared to all other three incisors. No association was found between the width of the alveolar bone process at the apex (Wapex), at the level of the crest (Wcrest) and at mid of the root (Wmid), the width (D), the vertical skeletal pattern (AnsPns-Go’Me) and the onset of buccal or lingual recessions. Development of new recessions was clearly associated with males and with increasing age. The symphysis height (Me-Wcrest) was statistically related with the onset of lingual recessions on 32 and 42. The ratio between the symphysis height and the width at the crest level demonstrated a statistically significant association with the presence of buccal and lingual recessions. Excessive proclination (≥10°) of the lower incisors demonstrated an association with the onset of recessions in 25 per cent of the cases. Conclusion Based on the sample of this study, there is some evidence that increased symphysis height (Me-Wcrest), and ratio between the symphysis height and the width at the crest level as well as big change of lower incisor inclination during treatment are associated with the development of recessions.

scholarly journals Does rapid maxillary expansion induce adverse effects in growing subjects?

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Lione ◽  
Lorenzo Franchi ◽  
Paola Cozza
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Midpalatal Suture

Abstract Objective: To assess the scientific evidence that rapid maxillary expansion (RME) causes Adverse Effects on the midpalatal suture, vertical dimension, dental and periodontal structures in growing subjects. Materials and Methods Electronic databases were searched for articles dated through December 2011. The quality of the studies was ranked on a 13-point scale in which 1 was the low end of the scale and 13 was the high end. Results: Thirty relevant articles were identified. The amount of midpalatal suture opening ranged from 1.6 to 4.3 mm in the anterior region and from 1.2 to 4.4 mm in the posterior region. At the end of the active phase, RME resulted in slight inferior movement of the maxilla (SN-PNS +0.9 mm; SN-ANS +1.6 mm), increased tipping of anchored teeth from 3.4° to 9.2° and bending of the alveolar bone from 5.1° to 11.3°. In the long term, RME did not modify the facial growth patterns, and no significant changes on dentoalveolar structures were observed. Of the 30 studies, 2 were medium-high quality, 8 were medium quality, and 20 were low quality. Conclusions: RME always opened the midpalatal suture in growing subjects. The vertical changes were small and transitory. In the long-term evaluation, an uprighting of anchored teeth was observed and periodontal structures were not compromised.

La participation des patients âgés à la relation de soins en question(s) !

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (290) ◽  
pp. 107-127
Author(s):  
Audrey Bonnemaizon ◽  
Abdelmajid Amine ◽  
Margaret Josion-Portail
Keyword(s):  
Service Dominant Logic ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Dominant Logic ◽  
Étude Qualitative ◽  
Patient Âgé ◽  
Etude Qualitative

Cet article propose un aménagement de la Service Dominant Logic (SDL) dans le cas des relations de service avec les publics vulnérables sur la base d’une étude qualitative menée dans un service gériatrique. Cette étude révèle d’une part, des pratiques de soins régies par des représentations du patient âgé « déficient » (intégration de ressources externes au patient), d’autre part, des pratiques de soins irriguées par des représentations du patient âgé « en capacité » (intégration de ressources internes au patient). Ces pratiques suggèrent des rôles différenciés endossés par les soignants traduisant une (non) participation des patients.

Patient Age as a Factor in Drug Prescribing Practices

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce Ann Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Drug Prescribing ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Patient Âgé ◽  
Médicaments Génériques

RÉSUMÉCette étude, qui repose sur les données tirées du sondage national effectué aux Etats-Unis en 1985 sur les soins médicaux ambulatoires, examine le rapport entre l'âge du patient et la prescription de médicaments, mesurée selon la nature inappropriée des ordonnances et leur volume. On a substitué l'expression “ordonnance potentiellement indésirable” à l'expression “ordonnance inappropriée” parce que le fait de disposer de renseignements d'ordre médico-social limités sur le patient, et done d'une connaissance insuffisante de ses antécédents risque, au moment de prescrire un médicament, de rendre le jugement indûment simplifié et critique. Les catégories suivantes ont été établies en ce qui concerne la prescription potentiellement indésirable: 1) plus d'un médicament appartenant à la même catégorie, 2) des catégories de médicaments à ne pas combiner, 3) des medicaments n'assurant qu'un traitement suboptimal et 4) des médicaments et des diagnostics incompatibles. Sur 67 médicaments génériques represéntant 13 catégories de médicaments étudiées, 242 produits ont été prescrits à un échantillon de 33 574 patients âgés de 45 ans ou plus. On a constaté que l'ordonnance potentiellement indésirable était un problème courant quelle que soit la discipline médicale et le sexe du patient, mais qu'il existait un rapport avec l'âge du patient. La consultation d'un médicin généraliste a un effet défavorable plus marque chez les patients âgés, et il en est de même pour la consultation d'un medecin dans les régions non métropolitaines pour ce groupe de personnes.

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