scholarly journals High Data Rate FinFET On-Off Keying Transmitter for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy

VLSI Design ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ioannis Intzes ◽  
Hongying Meng ◽  
John P. Cosmas
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
High Data ◽  
Rate Transmission ◽  
Average Power Consumption ◽  
Wireless Capsule

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) is a painless diagnostic tool used by the physicians for endoscopic examination of the gastrointestinal track. The performance of the existing WCE systems is limited by high power consumption and low data rate transmission. In this paper, a 144 MHz FinFET On-Off Keying (OOK) transmitter is designed and integrated with a class-E power amplifier. It is implemented and simulated using 16 nm FinFET Predictive Technology Models. The proposed transmitter can achieve the data rate of 33 Mbps with average power consumption of 1.04 mW from a 0.85 V power supply in the simulation. This design outperforms the current state-of-the-art designs.

scholarly journals An Ingenious Design of a High Performance-Low Complexity Image Compressor for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1617
Author(s):  
Ioannis Intzes ◽  
Hongying Meng ◽  
John Cosmas
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Logic Gates ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Huffman Coding ◽  
Medical Diagnoses ◽  
Wireless Capsule

Wireless Capsule Endoscopy is a state-of-the-art technology for medical diagnoses of gastrointestinal diseases. The amount of data produced by an endoscopic capsule camera is huge. These vast amounts of data are not practical to be saved internally due to power consumption and the available size. So, this data must be transmitted wirelessly outside the human body for further processing. The data should be compressed and transmitted efficiently in the domain of power consumption. In this paper, a new approach in the design and implementation of a low complexity, multiplier-less compression algorithm is proposed. Statistical analysis of capsule endoscopy images improved the performance of traditional lossless techniques, like Huffman coding and DPCM coding. Furthermore the Huffman implementation based on simple logic gates and without the use of memory tables increases more the speed and reduce the power consumption of the proposed system. Further analysis and comparison with existing state-of-the-art methods proved that the proposed method has better performance.

scholarly journals Performance of Predictive Coders for Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Image Compression

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3094-3098
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Predictive Coding ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Neighboring Pixel ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Wireless Capsule

Wireless capsule endoscopy is a medical diagnostic technique developed for the endoscopic examination of the small bowel. The encoder module is the core of the wireless capsule endoscopic system impacting on power and area requirement for the hardware implementation of the capsule. One of the remarkable features of the endoscopic image is that the neighboring pixels are highly correlated. Two predictive coding techniques are considered in this work exploiting the above fact. The first predictive coder i.e., DPCM coder is based on previous horizontal neighboring pixel, whereas the second predictive coder is based on adjacent horizontal and diagonal neighbors. The performance of the predictive coders is tested with 41 small bowel type endoscopic images available in the Gastrolab dataset. The results show that the average compression rate and peak signal to noise ratio attained by DPCM coder and newly tested predictive coder are 66.37 % & 73.03 % and 32.17 dB & 35.55 dB, respectively

Study on the Design of a Magnetic Started Wireless Capsule Endoscopy

2012 ◽  
Vol 195-196 ◽  
pp. 864-867
Author(s):  
Ya Zhen Wang ◽  
Ying Jun Chen ◽  
Huang Ping
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
System Design ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Total Size ◽  
In Series ◽  
Wireless Capsule

Based on the minimal CMOS image sensor OV6920, a magnetic controlled wireless capsule endoscopy has been designed in principles of micromation and low power consumption. The peripheral circuit of OV6920 is designed. With optical design, the power consumption of transmitting circuit is cut down according to the relationships between the resistance in series and the voltage, current, and transmitting power consumption. The total size of the system is only φ13×29mm, and the power consumption is about 100mW when all modules are connected altogether. The clear captured images in the imaging experiments prove the system design is feasible.

scholarly journals Low-Power, High Data-Rate Digital Capsule Endoscopy Using Human Body Communication

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Park ◽  
Taewook Kang ◽  
In Lim ◽  
Kwang-Il Oh ◽  
Sung-Eun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
High Data Rate ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Electrode Pair ◽  
High Data ◽  
Human Body Communication

A technology for low-power high data-rate digital capsule endoscopy with human body communication (CEHBC) is presented in this paper. To transfer the image data stably with low power consumption, the proposed system uses three major schemes: Frequency selective digital transmission (FSDT) modulation with HBC, the use of an algorithm to select electrode pairs, and the LineSync algorithm. The FSDT modulation supports high-data rate transmission and prevents the signal attenuation effect. The selection algorithm of the electrode pair finds the best receiving channel. The LineSync algorithm synchronizes the data and compensates for data polarity during the long data transmission section between the capsule endoscope and the receiver. Because all the major functional blocks of the CEHBC transmitter can be implemented as digital logics, they can be easily fabricated using the field programmable gate array (FPGA). Moreover, this CEHBC transmitter can achieve low power-consumption and can support a relatively high data rate in spite of using its clock a few tens of MHz slower. The proposed CEHBC-TXD is the digital portion of the CEHBC transmitter that provides low-power (3.7 mW) and high data-rate (6 Mbps) performance while it supports a high-resolution image (480 × 480 byte) at 3.13 fps.

Wireless Capsule Endoscopy – Uses Beyond GI Bleeding?

Endoscopy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
P McConville ◽  
WJ Cash ◽  
RGP Watson ◽  
JS Collins
Keyword(s):  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Wireless Capsule

The Role of Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (WCE) in the Detection of Occult Primary Neuroendocrine Tumors

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Manuele Furnari ◽  
Andrea Buda ◽  
Gabriele Delconte ◽  
Davide Citterio ◽  
Theodor Voiosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Somatostatin Receptor ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
First Line ◽  
Wireless Capsule

Background & Aims: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with unclear etiology that may show functioning or non-functioning features. Primary tumor localization often requires integrated imaging. The European Neuroendocrine Tumors Society (ENETS) guidelines proposed wireless-capsule endoscopy (WCE) as a possible diagnostic tool for NETs, if intestinal origin is suspected. However, its impact on therapeutic management is debated. We aimed to evaluate the yield of WCE in detecting intestinal primary tumor in patients showing liver NET metastases when first-line investigations are inconclusive.Method: Twenty-four patients with histological diagnosis of metastatic NET from liver biopsy and no evidence of primary lesions at first-line investigations were prospectively studied in an ENETS-certified tertiary care center. Wireless-capsule endoscopy was requested before explorative laparotomy and intra-operative ultrasound. The diagnostic yield of WCE was compared to the surgical exploration.Results: Sixteen subjects underwent surgery; 11/16 had positive WCE identifying 16 bulging lesions. Mini-laparotomy found 13 NETs in 11/16 patients (9 small bowel, 3 pancreas, 1 bile ducts). Agreement between WCE and laparotomy was recorded in 9 patients (Sensitivity=75%; Specificity=37.5%; PPV=55%; NPV=60%). Correspondence assessed per-lesions produced similar results (Sensitivity=70%; Specificity=25%; PPV=44%; NPV=50%). No capsule retentions were recorded.Conclusions: Wireless-capsule endoscopy is not indicated as second-line investigation for patients with gastro-entero-pancreatic NETs. In the setting of a referral center, it might provide additional information when conventional investigations are inconclusive about the primary site.Abbreviations: DBE: double balloon enteroscopy; GEP-NET: gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor; GI: gastrointestinal; ENETS: European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society; NET: neuroendocrine tumor; SSRS: somatostatin receptor scintigraphy; WCE: wireless capsule endoscopy.

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